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Biomedical subjects

N K Permiakov

Publications and source records attributed to N K Permiakov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Healing of extensive acute gastric ulcer after chemical burn by Helium-Neon laser (endoscopic and morphologic investigation)].

The paper provides the results of endoscopic and morphologic follow-up of healing of extensive corrosive gastric ulcer in He-Ne laser therapy of 34 patients (512 gastric biopsies). Laser radiation of ulcer reduces frequency of stenosis in healing outcome as well as treatment duration, creates conditions for healing without leukocytic fusion of necrotic tissues. Effectivity of laser therapy is determined by the time of its start and regularity.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

[Cerebral artery aneurysms: Clinico-anatomic analysis of 610 cases].

Analysis of 610 aneurysms in 537 patients is performed. Main localization of aneurysms (88.7%) was the anterior region of Willis's circle. Congenital dysplasias of the arterial wall are transformed into the aneurysm when the risk factors join (essential or transitory arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis) this being confirmed by an advanced age (63%). Subarachnoidal hemorrhages predominated (29.9%). Most frequent immediate causes of death were hemorrhage into the brain ventricles (42.9%), edema and brain dislocation (40.7%). Ischemic brain softening played a role in the anatogenesis among non-operated patients in 7.3% cases and in 37.1% among operated patients. Histologic examination revealed that the maximum of repeated hemorrhages occur during the first 14 days after the aneurysm rupture-the time of noncompleted thrombus organization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Pathology and pathogenesis of sepsis].

The key problems of the theory of sepsis and criteria of its postmortem diagnosis are discussed on the basis of pathological and bacteriological study of about 4000 purulent-septic diseases observed for the last 40 years in the pathology department of N. V. Sklifosovsky Moscow Research Institute of Emergency Medical Aid (sepsis after abortion, surgical and iatrogenic sepsis, acute septic endocarditis, purulent peritonitis, mediastinitis, pleuritis, phlegmons of body and limbs, bacterial shock, etc.). Sepsis, according to the author, is a generalized infectious disease developing acyclically, produced mainly by purulent coccal flora and having the course of septicopyemia. A metastatic purulent focus is an obligatory sign of the generalization. Septicemia is a local inflammatory process produced mainly by bacterial gram-negative flora. It can be a prologue of sepsis but more frequently develops in two directions: 1) purulent-resorptive fever with an acute, subacute and chronic course; 2) bacterial shock with a fulminant course and high lethality.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed1991

[Alveolar macrophages in lung physiology and pathology].

Alveolar macrophages (AM) represent a lung border system bringing about the protection of the organ from the environmental hazards, regulating cell and humoral response in the lungs, and eliminating endogenous toxic substances. However, in some situations AM are involved in the pathologic processes and even may serve as an initiating factor in the development of lung pathology. They realize their pathogenic effect in the bronchial asthma, acute respiratory distress-syndrome, pneumoconiosis releasing various biologically active compounds which take part in the formation of bronchial hyperreactivity, chemotaxis disturbances, haemostasis pathology. Particularly interesting is the possibility of lung tissue damage by AM when they interact with endotoxin-positive granulocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The pathological anatomy of acute inflammatory lung diseases in adults].

The paper relates the author's concern for diminishing interest of the pathologists to investigations of adult acute pneumonia, though chronic lung diseases and acute childhood pneumonia draw much attention. It is believed invalid to neglect classic methods of histobacterioscopy which are to be advanced. The researchers should insist on introduction of improved techniques of enzyme immunoassays in identification of pulmonary infection of viral and bacterial origin, study new kinds of pneumonias such as legionnaires' disease, Mycoplasma pneumonias, opportunistic infections in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies, e.g. AIDS, etc., presenting a wide field for the prosector's activity.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[The morphogenesis of pancreonecrosis].

Pancreas was studied histologically, histochemically and electron microscopically in 117 autopsy cases and in the experiment (25 dogs and 60 white rats). Morphogenesis of pancreonecrosis proceeds through certain stages. The initial stages of an acute pancreatic edema is characterized by degenerative and necrotic changes of pancreocytes with parapedesis of pancreatic enzymes into the interstitium and a reactive stromal edema. The following stages are distinguished in the progressing phase of pancreonecrosis: hemorrhagic pancreonecrosis when the proteolytic enzymes provoke a colliquation necrosis of the acinar tissue, fibrinoid necrosis of vascular walls and disturbances of the intravascular hemorheology resulting in the enhancement of destructive processes and hemorrhagic inhibition of tissues; fat pancreonecrosis in which lipolytic enzymes lead to the coagulation necrosis of the acinar and fat tissue while a non-completed proteolysis of necrotic tissues stipulates the intensity of the reactive inflammation.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The syndromology and pathological anatomy of HIV infection (AIDS)].

Information on the clinico-anatomical syndromes and organic pathology in HIV infection (AIDS) is summarized. Role of pathomorphological examination of biopsies and autopsies in the diagnosis of the conditions associated with HIV infection as well as a controversy in the pathogenesis and pathology of AIDS is outlined.

AIDS-Associated Nephropathy↗
PubMed1989

[Ribonuclease in the experimental therapy of pancreatitis].

The influence of ribonuclease on the morphogenesis of experimental pancreatitis in the albino rats has been studied. The drug injected during edematous stage of pancreatitis caused some decrease of pancreatic enzymes level in the blood at hemorrhagic stage and its normalization at necrotic stage of pancreatitis. The development of hemorrhagic and necrotic stages of pancreatitis did not change under the influence of ribonuclease. The maturation of connective tissue of pseudocyst capsule was delayed and inflammatory infiltration of necrotic tissues and their elimination were increased under the influence of the drug. There were extensive tubular transformations of acini and early fibrosis and lipomatosis in the frontier zone. In the viable parts of pancreas moderate hypertrophy of exocrine pancreatocytes developed and chronic pancreatitis features appeared with use of ribonuclease.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Endotoxin and the polymorphonuclear leukocyte system].

Due to its cell pool autoturnover, gram-negative intestinal microflora releasing the biologically active agent lipopolysaccharide may cause portal and systemic endotoxemias. Lipopolysaccharide may function in the activation of the polymorphonuclear leukocyte system and in complex antibacterial homeostatic processes, and, in some situations be the initiating factor in the development of various organ pathology, which is mediated by hyperactivated granulocytes.

Endotoxins↗
PubMed1989

[Endotoxin of intestinal microflora in liver pathology].

An important role in the endotoxin immobilization and transport from the intestine into the portal circulation belongs to the granulocytes which are likely able to transfer lipopolysaccharide to Kupffer cells. If the endotoxin diffusion into the mesenterial microvessels increases and (or) the portal circulation speed decreases, the interaction of lipopolysaccharide with granulocytes may become irreversible and facilitate the development of the systemic endotoxemia and the leucocyte-mediated liver damage. Intestinal flora endotoxin takes part in the liver damage pathogenesis in various forms of hepatitis, cirrhosis in various forms of hepatitis, cirrhosis and conditions followed by the circulation deficiency.

Endotoxins↗
PubMed1989

[Pathology of the digestive organs and systemic endotoxinemia].

The intestine being a natural depot of the gram-negative bacteria, may be the source of the systemic endotoxinemia in various pathologic processes followed by the increase of bacteria death, mucous membrane damage, pancreas endocrine function deficiency, liver barrier function depression, decrease of the portal circulation speed or its shunting. At the same time, the systemic endotoxinemia in itself may be one of the most important etiological factors of the various digestive organs injury. The authors observations and the literature suggest an important role of the endotoxin-positive granulocytes in the pathogenesis of the haemorrhagic infarct of the intestine, mesenteric vein thrombosis, destructive appendicitis and cholecystitis.

Digestive System Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[Clinico-morphological characteristics of the polycystic ovary syndrome].

56 patients, 22 to 34 years old, with the syndrome of polycystic ovaries (SPO) were under observation. All of them underwent laparoscopic surgical correction with the abrasion of the uterus and subsequent histological examination. Primary chronic increase of the serum luteinizing hormone (LH) with the relative decrease of the level of the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), this resulting in the considerable increase of the LH/FSH ratio. The imbalance of the gonadotropic hormones resulted in the pronounced degenerations of granulosa and theca cells, decrease in the oestradiol and progesterone production and the increase of the androgen level. Morphologically, the rapid death of the developing follicles with their subsequent sclerotic and cystic transformation was observed as well as a sclerosis of tunics and cortical zone of the ovaries, the increase of their size. Obligatory clinical signs of SPO were, besides the sterility, oligomenorrhea starting from the menarche; facultative signs were the obesity and hirsutism in the puberty.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Morphologic manifestations of the medicinal lysis of a coronary artery thrombus].

Morphologic studies of coronary arterial thrombi have shown immature fibrin fibres to prevail in those, with fibrin degradation products always present. This fact suggests that fibrinolytic components of hemostasis, limiting the rates of fibrin polymerization and maturation, may participate in thrombogenesis. At the same time, macrophages that phagocytose fibrin and blood cells (platelets and erythrocytes) become activated since the early hours of the thrombus' existence. Selective administration of fibrinolytic activators destroys the fibrin network of the thrombus, blood cells are washed away by the blood flow and the thrombus diminishes in volume. At the same time, its macrophagal response is activated, and fibrin and fibrin degradation products are eliminated from the vascular lumen.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of synthetic analogs of L-enkephalin on viable areas of the pancreas in experimental pancreatitis].

Synthetic analogues of L-enkephalin--tageflar and dalargin were studied for the treatment of experimentally-induced pancreatitis of rats. It was concluded that morphometric features of an intact part of the pancreas were not significantly changed with the use of tageflar. The intensity of 14C-leucine inclusion in the proteins of an intact part of the pancreas was strongly suppressed and the cytoplasm of exocrine pancreocytes was overloaded with zymogen granules. With the use of dalargin, a moderate hypertrophy of exocrine pancreocytes and intensification of 14C-leucine inclusion developed gradually. The number and disposition of zymogen granules were not significantly changed, as compared to acute pancreatitis. Both drugs disturbed the process of acinar reconstruction into tubular complexes in the marginal areas.

Animals↗