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Biomedical subjects

N Koinuma

Publications and source records attributed to N Koinuma.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Cancer and health economics].

Health economics on cancer medicine is a supportive tool of cancer care and is becoming one of the essential weapons against cancer. Its principal roles are to enhance the quality and efficacy and to secure the finance necessary to the cancer care. The economic aspects of cancer medicine and the methods of economic evaluation are overviewed with emphasis on cost-benefit, cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis. The operational and interpretational checkpoints are introduced, and the problems and prospects of the practical use of the methods on clinical settings such as cancer chemotherapy are discussed.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1993

[Relationship of proportion of DCO cases in cancer registration to gastric cancer screening participation rate and proportion of all referred inpatients diagnosed with neoplasm].

Of all cancer cases registered the proportion where identification is solely from death certificates, (DCO-Death Certificate Only), is one of the important indices for assessing the accuracy of the cancer registration system. Regional differences exist in the proportion comprised of DCO cases. These differences were analyzed in terms of the regional differences that also exist in gastric cancer screening participation rates, proportion of all referred inpatients with diagnoses of neoplasm by place of residence, and proportion of all referred inpatients with diagnoses of neoplasm by place of treatment. Up to 65% of the regional differences in DCO proportion can be explained by these three factors.

Death Certificates↗
PubMed1993

[Current concepts in psycho-oncology].

Psycho-oncology is a relatively new subspecialty of oncology with multidisciplinary interest concerning the psychological, social, behavioral and ethical aspects of cancer, which covers everything from management of psychological problems of cancer patients and long survivors, and palliative and supportive care, to the health care system, with special attention to ethical and spiritual issues. It addresses two dimensions of cancer; the psychological responses of patients to cancer at all stages of the disease, as well as their families and healthcare providers, and the psychological factors that may influence the cancer process. The current concepts of psycho-oncology are overviewed with emphasis on its historical background, clinical significance and the empirical research activities such as quality of life studies in clinical settings and psychoneuroimmunological intervention studies. Humanistic dimensions and future directions of psycho-oncology are discussed with reference to the topics discussed at the International Congress of Psychosocial Oncology in 1992.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Caring more about quality. Japan-U.S. health care comparison.

The author gives an overview of his nation's health and compares indicators with the USA. People live longer in Japan than anywhere in the world, yet 1 in 3.5 Japanese has health problems. Some 80% of patients are outpatients, and many regions now have an oversupply of hospital beds. Hospitals employ 60% of all doctors, and staff salaries account for approximately half of hospital outlay.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1983

Urethral response to nerve stimulation measured by strain gauge force transducer.

This paper presents a study of urethral responses to efferent nerve stimulation in dogs. The pelvic, hypogastric and pudendal nerves were stimulated using a programmed instrument under three different in vivo conditions. The preparations consisted of: (A) bladder, urethra, and rectum; (B) urethra and rectum, and (C) urethra only. Stimulation of the pelvic nerve in preparation A resulted in elongation and constriction of the mid and proximal urethra with a resultant rise in pressure. However, this response was reduced in preparations B and C. Similar observations were made with hypogastric nerve stimulation. The results of pudendal nerve stimulation were significantly different, in that the pressure rise occurred in the mild and distal urethra and varied in elongation response.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

A new modified catheter for voiding cystourethrography.

We made a new modified catheter for voiding cystourethrography to evaluate the function of the external urethral sphincter. Using this catheter, we can evaluate it precisely, excluding the influences of the posterior urethra. The findings of voiding cystourethrography observed by using this catheter were equal to the findings of the simultaneous recording of cystourethrogram and external urethral sphincter electromyogram, and permitted us to assess the function of each portion of the urethra separately, such as the sphincteric urethra (prostatic urethra) and external urethral sphincter (membranous urethra). In addition, this urodynamic procedure can be performed safely and easily.

Adult↗