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Biomedical subjects

N Krishnani

Publications and source records attributed to N Krishnani.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis.

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XC) is a rare benign disease often confused with carcinoma gall bladder (CaGB). We retrospectively reviewed the clinical, radiological and operative features of 81 patients with XC alone (73) or XC with associated CaGB (8). Patients with XC alone had no gender preponderance, had a mean age 48 years and mean duration of symptoms of 34 months. Most XC patients (75%) had clinical features of chronic cholecystitis. On the other hand, patients with both XC and CaGB had a female preponderance, a mean age of 60 years and mean duration of symptoms of 6 months. In this group, the USG and operative findings often supported the clinical impression/findings. Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is a benign condition which is often confused with CaGB. Associated CaGB is however present in a few patients; elderly women with relatively shorter duration of symptoms, have a greater chance of associated CaGB.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Cutaneous metastases in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

A patient with pancreatic carcinoma who developed disseminated cutaneous and scalp metases is reported. To the authors knowledge scalp metases have hitherto not been reported with pancreatic carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Signal intensity patterns in intraspinal dermoids and epidermoids on MR imaging.

Retrospective evaluation of MR images of nine intraspinal dermoid (n = 4) and epidermoid (n = 5) tumours was undertaken. T1-weighted images were available in all the patients while proton density (PD) and T2-weighted images were available in seven patients. Except for one lesion (only T1-weighted images were available in this case), all the lesions were clearly delineated on MR images. Most (5 out of 7) were better appreciated on T1- and PD-weighted images than on T2-weighted images. On T1-weighted images, the epidermoids were either iso- to mildly hypointense to the cord (n = 3), isointense to CSF (n = 1) or markedly hyperintense (n = 1). On the PD images, the epidermoids were either isointense to cord (n = 3) or markedly hyperintense (n = 1). All the lesions were iso- to hyperintense to CSF on T2-weighted images. Of the four dermoids three showed a mixed intensity pattern on all sequences; the dominant component gave short T1 and short T2 values, consistent with fat. The fourth lesion showed homogenous material with a signal intensity intermediate between that of CSF and cord on T1-weighted images. Dermal sinus tracts were present in four of the nine patients; three patients had an intraspinal component. This study shows that although MR imaging is excellent for their detection, it cannot differentiate the two tumour types.

Cerebrospinal Fluid↗
PubMed1993

Invasive thymoma: cytomorphological features on fine needle aspiration cytology.

Although thymomas are the commonest neoplasms of the anterior mediastinum, distinction between benign and malignant thymomas is controversial on Fine needle aspiration biopsy. We present cytomorphological features of a case of invasive thymoma on computed tomographic guided fine needle aspiration cytology and its basis is discussed in light of current concepts of thymic tumours.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1993

Acute renal failure in lymphoma of the kidney.

Involvement of kidney by lymphomatous process occurs in 30-40% of cases of lymphoma, if the disease is left untreated. Incidence of renal involvement at initial presentation is 2.7%-6%. Mostly it is in the form of insidious renal failure. Acute renal failure as initial manifestation of the disease is very rare. A case of lymphomatous involvement of the kidney, with initial presenting manifestation of ARF is discussed, and the mechanisms responsible for rarity of this is analysed.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1991

A comparative study of PAP technique and in-situ molecular hybridization for identification of human papilloma viruses in cervical lesions.

The association of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) with cervical lesions was correlated using peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP) technique and in-situ molecular hybridization (MH) with H3 labelled DNA probes (HPV type 6, 11, 16 and 18). The PAP technique to demonstrate capsid antigen and molecular hybridization for DNA sequences was studied in 30 cases. The correlation of HPV with cervical lesions was seen in 29.9% cases with PAP technique unlike 73.4% using M.H. technique, indicating the efficacy of the latter.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Giant cell tumour of the petrous bone.

Giant cell tumours (GCT) are rare in the skull bones. In the cranium the sphenoid bone is the most common site. The petrous bone is a very uncommon location for such tumours. The chance location of GCT at the base of the skull makes total surgery difficult and hazardous. A case of GCT of the petrous bone is presented. The clinical course in the patient and role of primary radiotherapy in GCT in such an unusual site is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytology in xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, gallbladder adenocarcinoma and coexistent lesions.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in gallbladder mass lesions and to explore the possibility of overlooking malignancy in coexistent adenocarcinoma with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) on fine needle aspiration smears. STUDY DESIGN: In a retrospective, seven-year study, ultrasound-guided needle aspirates from 25 histologically proven cases of gallbladder adenocarcinoma, 11 cases of gallbladder adenocarcinoma associated with XGC and 20 cases of XGC were evaluated for the presence of mesotheliumlike, foam, inflammatory and multinucleate giant cells; pink, granular background; bile; and degenerated cells, along with atypical or frankly malignant cells. Detailed clinical findings were retrieved from the records. RESULTS: The overall sensitivity of detecting carcinoma was 90.63% and specificity 94.74%. The sensitivity of detecting malignancy was 80% when adenocarcinoma was associated with XGC. CONCLUSION: FNAC plays an important role in making the preoperative diagnosis of adenocarcinoma, XGC and coexistent lesions. The probability of detecting malignancy is greater than with XGC in coexistent lesions. Thus, a preoperative FNAC diagnosis would help in determining the urgency of treatment and in planning for the surgical procedure in gallbladder lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation of cell counts and indices in testicular FNAC with histology in male infertility.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of percentage cell counts and cell indices in testicular fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in male infertility and their correlation with histologic categories as seen in open testicular biopsies. STUDY DESIGN: Differential cell counts were performed, and cell indices, including spermatic index, Sertoli cell index and sperm-Sertoli cell index, were calculated in testicular fine needle aspiration (FNA) smears in 30 azoospermic males whose open testicular biopsies were classified as normal spermatogenesis in 10 cases, maturation arrest in 5, hypospermatogenesis in 6, Sertoli cell only syndrome in 5 and tubular/peritubular sclerosis in 4. RESULTS: In normal spermatogenesis, FNA smears showed up to 40% Sertoli cells, and spermatozoa were the predominant spermatogenetic cell type. There was a progressive increase in Sertoli cell percentage and Sertoli cell index and reduction in spermatozon percentage, spermatic index and sperm-Sertoli cell index with increasing severity of reduction in spermatogenesis in different histologic categories. The differences between mean counts and indices in normal spermatogenesis and other histologic categories were statistically significant (P < .01). CONCLUSION: The percent cell counts and cell indices in testicular FNAC correlate with histologic categories and are useful in evaluating male infertility.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. Fine needle aspiration cytology in 17 cases.

OBJECTIVE: To establish morphologic features of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). STUDY DESIGN: In a retrospective, five-year study, ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirates from 17 cases of histologically proven XGC were examined for the presence of histiocytes, foam cells, inflammatory cells, multinucleate giant cells, bile, cholesterol crystals, degenerate cells, normal columnar epithelial cells, capillary endothelial cells and a pink granular background. RESULTS: The presence of histiocytes, foam cells, multinucleate giant cells, bile and a mixed population of inflammatory cells in varying proportions on a background of pink, granular debris was characteristic of XGC. However, pleomorphism in reactive histiocytes can occasionally raise the suspicion of malignancy, necessitating a comprehensive evaluation of the overall cytologic findings. CONCLUSION: XGC has characteristic cytologic features that can be used to differentiate it from malignancy, which XGC can mimic clinically and radiologically. Preoperative FNAC in such cases would help to guide the surgeon toward a correct surgical approach.

Bile↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stones associated renal pelvic malignancies.

BACKGROUND: The clinico-pathological characteristics of renal pelvic malignancies associated with stones were retrospectively analyzed. AIMS: The main objective was to define the biological behavior and prognostic factors for these malignancies. SETTINGS & DESIGN: The tumors were classified according to the pathological types. The clinical data, imaging features and pathological features were analyzed with relation to prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighteen cases of malignancies associated with stone disease were retrospectively studied. The institute review board permitted the study. RESULTS: High incidence (15/18) of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was noted. The prognosis in this group of patients was uniformly poor. The median survival time was 3.6 months in the SCC group, 7.5 months in the Transitional Cell Carcinoma (TCC) group and 24 months in the Adenocarcinoma (AC) group. Infectious and systemic symptoms were noted in the majority of the patients. Preoperative Imaging techniques revealed tumor in only 2 cases. Both underwent radical extirpation and the median survival is 18 months till date. In the other 16 patients, where the initial diagnosis was made only on histological analysis of incomplete nephrectomy specimens, the survival was 3.56 months. All patients had prolonged history of staghorn stone disease with associated non-functioning kidney. We found that the main prognostic factor was the stage of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: Malignancies associated with stone disease have insidious onset of clinical symptoms and need a high degree of suspicion to identify them pre-operatively. The grave prognosis associated with incomplete excision makes it imperative to diagnose them earlier.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytology of the spleen in visceral leishmaniasis.

We describe the fine needle aspiration cytologic study of 210 splenic aspirates from patients clinically diagnosed as having visceral leishmaniasis. Of these, 147 aspirates were found to be positive for Leishmania donovani bodies. We highlighted the cytomorphology of these positive smears. A majority of the cases showed an increase in the number and size of reticuloendothelial cells, with altered shapes, variations in the cytoplasm and decreased white pulp elements. In some of these cases (10%), immature erythroid cells were also found.

Biopsy, Needle↗