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Biomedical subjects

N Kusano

Publications and source records attributed to N Kusano.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Clinical and bacteriological evaluation of Branhamella catarrhalis in respiratory infections.

The clinical significance of Branhamella catarrhalis in respiratory infections is evaluated. 175 strains were isolated, mainly from the sputum, in 71 patients with respiratory infections. B. catarrhalis was most frequently isolated in mixed infections with Haemophilus influenzae (38.3%), H. influenzae plus Streptococcus pneumoniae (10.3%) or S. pneumoniae (9.7%). The rate of isolation of B. catarrhalis alone was as low as 5.1% and from mixed infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter and/or Klebsiella species it was 36.6%. More than 10(7) cfu/ml of B. catarrhalis were isolated from 71.4% of cases. In 29 cases the organism was determined to be causative according to our criteria, most often in secondary infections in patients with complicated pneumoconiosis, chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis. 29 of 47 strains (61.7%) produced beta-lactamase of the penicillinase type. Against these strains, penicillin antibiotics and first and second generation cephalosporin antibiotics (except cefroxadine) showed weak activity compared with their activity against non-beta-lactamase-producing strains. The third generation cephalosporins showed a uniform spectrum of activity against both groups of organisms.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

[Pulmonary calcification in C3H mice].

C3H mice including aged retired breeding females, aged virginal females, young virginal females and young males were examined for the incidence and severity of pulmonary calcification. Pulmonary calcification appeared in aged females, but not in young mice of either sex, and the lesions in aged breeders were more severe and frequent than in aged virgins. These results indicate that spontaneous pulmonary calcification is observed in aged females of the C3H strain. The findings of increased incidence and severity of pulmonary lesions in aged breeders suggest that pregnancy, delivery and lactation are important enhancing factors. Calcified lesions were also observed in kidney, heart, brain, ovary, choroid plexus, cornea and artery in the animals examined.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

Spontaneous pituitary changes and their influence on mammary glands in SD female rats.

A total of 153 female virgin Slc: SD rats aged 13 to 24 months were sacrificed for observation of various spontaneous changes in their pituitary glands. Macroscopic changes observed were swelling, congestion, cysts, and grayish white nodules. The incidence of swelling occurring without marked change decreased with age. Usually the swelling was accompanied by congestion in aged animals. Slight to moderate congestion appeared constantly in animals between the ages of 15 to 24 months, while severe congestion (hematoma) increased with age. The cysts and grayish white nodules rarely appeared. Changes observed under the microscope were diffuse proliferation, nodular hyperplasia and tumors (adenoma and adenocarcinoma) of chromophobe cells, cysts in the anterior lobe and hyperplastic pars intermedia. The incidence of diffuse proliferation decreased with age but that of nodular hyperplasia increased in rats over 21 months of age. Both changes seemed to be transitional to tumors. The tumors increased with age. Microscopically, pituitary tumors were found in 6% of macroscopically normal glands as well as in all of the glands with hematoma. All the rats with pituitary tumors had hyperplastic mammary glands, associated mostly with lactation. This suggests that spontaneous pituitary tumors have a hormonal effect on mammary glands.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

[Neurogenic pulmonary edema following severe head injury--case report (author's transl)].

A case of severe head injury associated with fulminant pulmonary edema considered as neurogenic which developed within short time after the injury was presented. A five-year-old boy who had no previous history of cardiopulmonary disease was struck on his right frontal region by car accident at 15.30 PM on July 5 of 1979. Immediately after the impact he lost his consciousness and subsequently transferred to a local hospital where bilateral dilated pupil and flaccid paralysis of the limbs were noted. On transmission of the patient to Omuta City Hospital 30 minutes after the injury, massive foamy fluid was discharged from the tracheal tube. On admission, he was comatous, with bilateral dilated and fixed pupils and flaccid paralysis of the limbs. There was no retinal bleeding. He showed ataxic respiration with severe stridor and massive discharge of foamy fluid pinkish in colour from the trachea characteristic in pulmonary edema was significant. Chest x-ray film demonstrated perihilar densities suggesting pulmonary edema. CT scan showed extremely small ventricle on both sides without manifestations of intracranial hematomas or cerebral contusion. With an intensive medical treatments including corticosteroids, alkalizing agents and alpha-blocker were administered under controlled respiration, the discharge of edema fluid was gradually decreased and the findings on blood gases were also improved. However neurological signs were aggravated and he died 8 hours after the injury. Central venous pressure was maintained at the level between 8 to 10 cm. From these clinical findings the pulmonary edema was concluded as neurogenic. Direct or indirect injury to the hypothalamic efferent pathway at the level of lower brain stem seemed to be important as the cause of neurogenic pulmonary edema in this case. The possible pathophysiology of neurogenic pulmonary edema associated with brain stem injury and intracranial hypertension was discussed with other related literature.

Brain Concussion↗
PubMed1981

[A case of duplication of the middle cerebral artery with ruptured aneurysm on its origin during pregnancy (author's transl)].

A rare case of duplication of the middle cerebral artery with a ruptured aneurysm on its origin during pregnancy was reported. A 29-year-old woman, primipara, was admitted to our clinic at 17 weeks' gestation on June 26, 1979 with a history of sudden onset of severe headache and vomiting, followed by unconsciousness fit for 30 minutes. The patient displayed typical features of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Lumbar puncture revealed bloody CSF. Right carotid angiogram 20 days after admission demonstrated duplication of the middle cerebral artery arising from the terminal internal carotid artery and a small aneurysm at its origin. There was evidence of associated spasm in the internal carotid artery, M1 and A1 portion without hematoma. The patient was treated conservatively for 2 months and then aneurysm surgery was performed. At operation, under the hypotensive anesthesia, on August 21, 1979, the presence of duplication of the middle cerebral artery on the right side and ruptured aneurysm on its origin were confirmed. The neck of aneurysm was completely clipped. Fetal heart rates were monitored by Doptone monitor during the operation. Postoperative course was excellent. Three months postoperatively, the patient went into spontaneous labor, at 40 week's gestation, and delivered a healthy infant. Clinical management of subarachnoid hemorrhage in pregnancy and the relationship between anomaly of the middle cerebral artery and aneurysm were discussed with the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Relationship between some biochemical measurements and histopathological changes in age-related kidney lesions of rats (author's transl)].

Histopathological observations were made on the spontaneous age-related kidney lesion in relation to some biochemical measurements for renal function using male SD rats from 82 to 560 days of age. Although all the rats examined were appearently healthy and had no gross lesions in the kidneys, several renal changes were detected histopathologically in the kidneys. The lesions occurred initially in renal tubules and then in glomerulus and in interstitial tissues successively increasing in severity with age. There was a correlation between the degree of the histopatholigical changes and the excreted amount of protein and sodium in the urine. The urinary protein was first detected at 34 days of age increasing with age. For rats of over 395 days of age, the urinary protein was greatly variable in amount among individuals. The negative correlation between urinary protein levels and those of serum albumin and urinary potassium was significant.

Aging↗