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Biomedical subjects

N L Adams

Publications and source records attributed to N L Adams.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Isolation and characterization of sea urchin egg lipid rafts and their possible function during fertilization.

Specialized membrane microdomains called rafts are thought to play a role in many types of cell-cell interactions and signaling. We have investigated the possibility that sea urchin eggs contain these specialized membrane microdomains and if they play a role in signal transduction at fertilization. A low density, TX-100 insoluble membrane fraction, typical of lipid rafts, was isolated by equilibrium gradient centrifugation. This raft fraction contained proteins distinct from cytoskeletal complexes. The fraction was enriched in tyrosine phosphorylated proteins and contained two proteins known to be involved in signaling during egg activation (an egg Src-type kinase and PLC gamma). This fraction was further characterized as a prototypical raft fraction by the release of proteins in response to in vitro treatment of the rafts with the cholesterol binding drug, methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (M beta CD). Furthermore, treatment of eggs with M beta CD inhibited fertilization, suggesting that egg lipid rafts play a physiological role in fertilization. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 59:294-305, 2001.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Comparability of the Rey and Mack forms of the Complex Figure Test.

Equivalent versions of the Complex Figure Test (CFT) are useful for assessing change over time in constructional skills, planning, spatial organization, and visual-spatial memory while minimizing practice effects. To address the need for an equivalent version of the CFT to the Rey, the present study compared copy and 45 min-delayed recall accuracy scores of the Rey and Mack CFTs obtained from 245 adults involved in a study of the neuropsychological correlates of sleep apnea and its treatment. Accuracy scores did not significantly differ between individuals with and without sleep apnea. Also, there was no significant difference between copy or recall accuracy scores obtained on the Rey and Mack CFTs. Similar correlations were found between relevant demographic factors, estimated IQ, and accuracy scores for both CFTs. These data suggest that the Mack figure may be a useful alternative to the Rey CFT.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Familial Sneddon's syndrome: clinical, hematologic, and radiographic findings in two brothers.

We present the clinical, hematologic, and radiographic findings in two brothers with Sneddon's syndrome (stroke and livedo reticularis) and antiphospholipid antibodies. Patient 1 had anticardiolipin antibody and patient 2 had lupus anticoagulant, which we detected only upon repeated blood testing. One should test for both anticardiolipin antibody and lupus anticoagulant and repeat the screenings before determining a Sneddon's syndrome patient's antiphospholipid antibody status. Both Sneddon's syndrome and the primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome are potentially familial causes of stroke. In familial cases, an inherited predisposition to antiphospholipid antibody production may be involved in disease pathogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effectiveness of oral pyridostigmine pretreatment and cholinolytic-oxime therapy against soman intoxication in nonhuman primates.

Nonhuman primates which were fed Mestinon (pyridostigmine) syrup-impregnated food biscuits (40 mg per animal) exhibited a reproducible inhibition of whole blood cholinestrase activity of 40 to 50% for a period of 1 to 6 hr. Pyridostigmine pretreatment was supplemented by therapy with two doses of an antidotal combination (A,TM,B) consisting of 0.05 mg/kg atropine, 2.24 mg/kg TMB-4, and 0.4 mg/kg benactyzine which assured survival in five of six animals following three separate exposures to 10 LD50 soman. The protective period of this oral dose of pyridostigmine supported by A,TM,B therapy was between 1/2 and 8 hr. Oral pyridostigmine pretreatment in combination with atropine therapy (three doses of 0.07 or 1.00 mg/kg im) also saved monkeys exposed to 10 LD50 soman; however, the period of recovery was prolonged. Oral pyridostigmine pretreatment did not alter the lethality of soman in the absence of A,TM,B or atropine therapy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Neurobehavioral changes associated with caudate lesions.

We report behavioral and cognitive characteristics of 12 patients with caudate nuclei lesions, 11 unilateral and one bilateral. These patients developed an acute behavioral change characterized by apathy, disinhibition, or a major affective disturbance. The pattern of personality change correlated with size and location of lesion within the caudate but not the laterality. Seven patients were further compared with matched controls on a series of neuropsychological tests. Their performance was impaired on tasks requiring planning and sequencing. They had short attention spans and decreased free recall of episodic and semantic items with good recognition memory scores. Similar behavioral and cognitive changes also occur in early Huntington's disease, frontal-lesioned patients, and caudate-lesioned animals, and correspond to disturbances of specific frontal-caudate circuits. These results implicate the caudate nuclei in mediating prefrontal behaviors and possibly in the conceptual integration of memories.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Obtaining ergonomics information about industrial injuries: A five-year analysis.

An injury report from designed for use in a large strip and sheet steel processing plant incorporated check lists intended to yield detailed ergonomics data. Analyses of almost 10 000 injuries reported upon over five consecutive years are the subject of this report. It is clear that the injury rate was almost halved over the five years. A number of other relationships are revealed by the data, notably the frequency of injury according to: day of week; hour of day; and time between the employee's last work break and the occurrence of injury. It is concluded that the categorical approach to reporting utilised in this study is of real value and suggestions are made for its more widespread application.

Journal Article↗