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Biomedical subjects

N L Bennett

Publications and source records attributed to N L Bennett.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

Continuing medical education: a new vision of the professional development of physicians.

The authors describe their vision of what continuing medical education (CME) should become in the changing health care environment. They first discuss six types of literature (e.g., concerning learning and adult development principles, problem-based/practice-based learning, and other topics) that contribute to ways of thinking about and understanding CME. They then state their view that the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) has made a commitment to helping CME be more effective in the professional development of physicians. In presenting their new vision of CME, the authors describe their interpretation of the nature and values of CME (e.g., optimal CME is highly self-directed; the selection and design of the most relevant CME is based on data from each physician's responsibilities and performance; etc.). They then present seven action steps, suggestions to begin them, and the institutions and organizations they believe should carry them out, and recommend that the AAMC play a major role in supporting activities to carry out these steps. (For example, one action step is the generation and application of new knowledge about how and why physicians learn, select best practices, and change their behaviors). Six core competencies for CME educators are defined. The authors conclude by stating that collaboration among the appropriate academic groups, professional associations, and health care institutions, with leadership from the AAMC, is essential to create the best learning systems for the professional development of physicians.

Education, Medical, Continuing↗

New strategies for preterm labor.

Preterm birth is the leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity despite the technological advances in neonatology and maternal-fetal medicine. Risk factors have been tabulated that can help identify the woman at risk for preterm birth. Past medical history, present pregnancy events, and demographic/environmental characteristics can help the practitioner select women who need special care to help prevent or reduce the effects of premature delivery. Recently, new concepts of risk have been identified through research, and emphasis needs to shift from intervention to prevention of the low birth weight infant. Past and present management of premature labor is discussed. New research protocols are presented. Strategies for nurses working in family planning or obstetrical areas are discussed, demonstrating areas for interventions from a prevention-oriented nursing base.

Family Planning Services↗

Thermoregulation during aerobic exercise in pregnancy.

To characterize maternal thermal balance during pregnancy, the authors recorded the thermal response to moderate weight bearing exercise stress in four aerobically conditioned pregnant women. Studies were performed in a climate-controlled environment in each trimester of pregnancy and postpartum after modifying the exercise protocol for changes in maternal exercise condition. Core, vaginal, and mean skin temperatures were recorded at rest and during maximum exercise. Mean resting skin temperature increased during pregnancy; mean resting core and vaginal temperatures did not change. Core temperatures did not exceed 39C during exercise. Heat storage (heat content/kg) was not increased as a result of exercise with advancing pregnancy. According to these findings, thermal balance can be maintained with advancing gestation when exercise prescriptions are appropriately modified for conditioned women.

Body Temperature Regulation↗

Financial planning of continuing education for health professions.

With the increase in continuing education programs being developed for more health professionals, more information for decision making is essential. A study was conducted to define costs of continuing education programming and to examine the productivity of the professional staff. Sixty-one programs were developed and offered in a semi-rural setting over a four-year period. Of the programs analyzed, 39.4% were interdisciplinary programs, 26.2% were allied health programs, 21.3% were nursing programs, and 13.1% were miscellaneous programs. During the four-year period, there were 4,528 participants. A total of 27,835 instructional units were generated. The direct program expenses totalled $47,411, with a cost per instructional unit of $1.70. To determine the total cost of programming, the supporting staff salaries were allocated to the programs and added to the direct program expenses. Staff salaries were allocated in three ways: by program, by participant, or by instructional unit. Based on the allocations, the average total cost per program was $3,488; the average total cost per participant was $47; and the average total cost per instructional unit was $7.65. Staff productivity figures were derived by comparing the numbers of programs offered to the full-time equivalency staff for a given period. Professional staff productivity was found to be equivalent to approximately seven programs per year with about 500 participants.

Cost Allocation↗