[Treatment of patients with acute neurosensory hypoacusis].
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Acute Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
N L Kunel'skaia
Publications and source records attributed to N L Kunel'skaia.
[Acoustic and vestibular analysers in patients with mine explosion trauma].
The aim of the study was examination of the acoustic and vestibular functions in patients with mine explosion trauma. Acoustic and vestibular functions were studied in 27 patients (16 females and 11 males aged 19-66 years, mean age 37.2 +/- 4.12) admitted to the ENT clinic of Moscow city hospital N 1. All the patients had suffered from explosion in closed space. General clinical and complex otoneurological examinations were made including gustatory and olfactory investigations, studies of the facial skin sensitivity, nasal mucosa, corneal reflex, soft palate motility, audiometry and vestibulometry. The findings of the tests suggested the following conclusions: mine explosion damages hearing by impairment of both sound conduction (85.7%) and sound perception (61.2%), the latter suffering primarily at the cochlear level; damage to the cranial nerves V and XIII occurs at the level of the brain stem; mixed affection of the vestibular analyzer is seen primarily at the level of stem nuclei.
Adult↗
[Correction of vestibular disorders in patients with otitis media purulenta chronica complicated by labyrinthitis].
A vestibulogic examination was made in 66 patients with otitis media purulenta chronica complicated with labyrinthitis. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 received surgical treatment in an acute period of labyrinthitis, group 2 was treated conservatively with delayed operation. The patients were examined at admission, 2 weeks, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the treatment. It was found that compensation of the vestibular function in group 1 took place 6 months after temporal bone surgery, in group 2-9 months after delayed operation, i.e. 1 years after hospitalization.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
[Myringoplasty and its effect on a vestibular function in patients with otitis media purulenta chronica (OMPC)].
A complex vestibulologic and audiologic examination was made in 25 patients with OMPC free of mesotympanitis before and after experimental myringoplasty with hen's egg amnion. The patients were divided into two groups depending on the presence of vestibular complaints. Partial or complete disappearance of subjective vestibular symptoms, reduced stimulation of the vestibular receptors (by 19%, on the average) were detected by experimental vestibular tests on the side of the affected ear. The asymmetry coefficient by labyrinth lowered by 31.1%, on the average.
Caloric Tests↗
[The features of disorders lipidic change in patients with acute neurosensory hipoacusis of various genesis].
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Acute Disease↗
[The role of rheological changes of blood and hemostasis in the development of acute neurosensory hypoacusis].
We studied blood rheology and hemostasis in patients with acute neurosensory hypoacusis (ANH) of different genesis to clarify correlations of these disorders with an ANH form. After examination 72 ANH patients (60 male and 12 female, age 19-68) were divided into three groups by ANH etiology: ANH of vascular genesis (group 1, 47 patients), ANH of viral genesis (group 2, 19 patients), ANH of traumatic genesis (group 3, 6 patients). Blood rheology was studied on viscosimeter Low-Shear 30 (Switzerland); hematocrit--on Autocrit (USA) centrifuge, platelet aggregation--on aggregometer Elvi 840 (Italy), coagulation--on coagulometer Tetra (Spain). Blood rheology and hemostasis in groups 2 and 3 were changed insignificantly, while in group 1 we registered disturbed microcirculation. Treatment with vasoactive drugs normalized both clinical picture of the disease and blood rheology, hemostasis. The highest activity was seen in use of the drugs tanakan and gincor fort.
Acute Disease↗
[A comparative analysis of antibiotics efficacy in acute ENT infections].
The comparison of the efficacy of a number of antibacterial drugs in acute pyoinflammatory ENT diseases allowed the authors to recommend moxifloxacin as most effective in acute purulent ENT pathology. Moxifloxacin demonstrated its superiority in seeding (the highest sensitivity of the bacteria to this antibiotic), in the speed of development of the bactericidal action and in treatment results. The drug had no significant side effects.
Acute Disease↗
[Psychosomatic status of patients with cochleovestibular disorders. Correction methods].
Psychosomatic status was studied in 106 patients aged 18-65 years with acute and chronic cochleovestibular disorders. Hearing problems, noise in the ears and vestibular disorders have a negative psychogenic effect in patients with cochleovestibulopathy. The majority of the patients need psychological and psychopharmacological care to relieve anxiety and form adequate attitude to the disease. Correction of psychosomatic disorders raises efficacy of the treatment of cochleovestibular diseases.
Adolescent↗
[Bacterial contamination of the maxilla after radical surgical treatment].
Qualitative and quantitative examinations of the microflora in a postoperative cavity of 62 patients early after radical surgery on the maxilla with opening of the ethmoidal labyrinth have found that in spite of a noticeable antibacterial effect of the operation pyoinflammatory process in the wound is possible. Treatment basing on bacteriological findings is recommended.
Adult↗
[Microbial view and optimal antibiotic therapy in acute purulent ENT diseases].
The aim of the study was elaboration of optimal antibiotic treatment in acute pyoinflammatory ENT pathology basing on the results of updated microbial tests and basic rules of microflora suppression by antibiotics. A total of 200 patients were examined. Of them, acute purulent sinusitis was diagnosed in 15, acute purulent otitis media in 25, paratonsillar abscess in 12 cases. Their microflora was studied for antibiotic sensitivity, the ability to form beta-lactamase was evaluated, microbiological examination of the content from purulent foci was made. It was found that the majority of acute purulent ENT diseases were caused by streptococci, gram-negative microorganisms (H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, Klebsiella spp. et al), staphylococci and obligate anaerobes most of which produce beta-lactamase (up to 79%). From 88 to 100% pathogens were sensitive to amoxicillin/clavulanate, 18-59% -- to cephasoline, lincomycin or ampicillin. The treatment with antibiotics of different groups was assessed by dynamics of clinical symptoms and results of repeated microbiological analyses. The optimal antibiotic to start therapy of patients with acute purulent ENT diseases was amoxicillin/clavulanate in a new form -- 1000 mg (twice a day for 7 days).
Acute Disease↗
[The vestibular function in patients with various forms of chronic purulent otitis media].
A complex vestibulologic examination of 131 patients with otitis media purulenta chronica (OMPC) was made. The patients were divided into groups and subgroups basing on the course of OMPC and presence or absence of subjective vestibular disorders. Vestibular function was assessed in various OMPC forms. Vestibular abnormalities were found in all the examinees. Therefore, all OMPC patients should be examined vestibulologically for early detection of initial, subclinical changes of the inner ear vestibular apparatus and decision on treatment policy.
Adolescent↗
[Age-related aspects of pure tone threshold in extended band by air].
In addition to registration of pure tone threshold audiometry in the standard frequency band and acoustic impedance audiometry, tone hearing thresholds were registered conventionally in extended frequency band (9-20 kHz) by air. A total of 103 otologically healthy volunteers (206 ears) aged 14 to 67 years participated in the trial. The results can serve as the standard in examination patients with pure-tone threshold audiometry by air in extended frequency band.
Adolescent↗
[Emergency diseases of the ear (comparative statistical data)].
Statistical data are detailed concerning compositional, therapeutic and diagnostic aspects of urgent diseases of the ear (inflammation and traumas of the external ear, acute and aggravated chronic otitis media, acute neurosensory hypoacusis, etc.). 580 patients were urgently hospitalized to ENT clinic (Moscow General Hospital N 1) at the Russian State Medical University in 1995 for urgent diseases of the external, middle and internal ear. This makes up 28% of a total of hospitalized ENT patients. The most effective policy of treatment for each ear disease form is analyzed.
Acute Disease↗
[Emergencies in nasal and paranasal sinus diseases].
The paper provides statistical data obtained on 1126 patients with urgent nasal and paranasal sinus pathology of a total of 2054 patients urgently hospitalized to the ENT clinic of the Moscow Medical University in 1995. A detailed analysis is given of the incidence, diagnostic and therapeutic policy, complications in all kinds of nasal bleeding, acute and chronic sinusitis, trauma of the nose and paranasal sinuses, nasal furuncle.
Adult↗
[On postop strategies in surgically treated forms of ethmoid sinusitis].
146 patients were subjected to radical operations on the maxillary sinus with opening of the ethmoidal labyrinth cells. The superior effect of postoperative insertion of the latex tampon over gauze turunda was seen. Effective were also analgetics-antipiretics (paracetamol) and tactivin as medical correctors of early postoperative symptoms.
Acetaminophen↗
[Early diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss among female workers of textile factories].
Eight six women 19-60 years of age working as weavers for 1 to 30 years were examined to detect early preclinical neurosensory hypoacusis in weavers continuously exposed to noise and vibration and to clarify correlations between severity of hearing dysfunction and duration of service. The examination consisted of clinical and comprehensive audiological tests (tonal threshold audiometry in the range 125-20,000 Hz, determination of ultrasound waves' threshold and laterization). It was found that some forms of hypoacusis manifest with elevated hearing thresholds, primarily 12,000-20,000 Hz, while standard tonal threshold audiometry fails to register deviation from normal values. This enables, on the one hand, detection of early preclinical forms of neurosensory hypoacusis undetectable by standard audiometry and differentiating some forms of hearing disorders, on the other hand. Thus, disturbances of autonomic and central nervous systems preceed hypoacusis presenting as asthenovegetative and neurotic syndromes, dysfunction of peripheral vessels and other systems.
Adult↗
[Correlations between changes in hearing and cerebral hemodynamics in patients with chronic alcoholism].
Seventy eight chronic alcoholics, aged 19 to 50 years, were exposed to audiologic and rheoencephalographic examinations. Tone hearing impairment was found in all subjects. The recruitment or greater than normal increment of loudness was primarily identified in patients of Group 1 that comprised those who consumed alcohol from 1 to 10 years. Rheoencephalographic examinations showed decreases of the rheographic index as well as the tone of large and medium caliber arteries in all patients. Group 2 patients who consumed alcohol for more than 10 years displayed greater changes in the vessel tone than Group 1 patients. Analysis of rheoencephalographic waves demonstrated that peripheral and venous tone was decreased in Group 1 patients and increased in Group 2 alcoholics. Visual analysis of rheoencephalographic waves showed lability in the vessel tone of Group 1 patients and a trend for a vessel spasm in Group 2 patients. The results give evidence that Group 1 chronic alcoholics develop toxic lesions of receptors of the hearing organ which is confirmed by the occurrence of recruitment, sound perception impairment, close to normal speech discrimination and insignificant changes in cerebral hemodynamics. Group 2 alcoholics develop marked disorders in cerebral hemodynamics leading to changes in central and intermediate compartments of the hearing organ.
Adult↗