High affinity uptake sites for taurine in the retina.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to N Lake.
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Autoradiographs of frog retinas incubated with radioactively labelled taurine show heavy grain density over (i) cells in the position of amacrine interneurones, (ii) the inner plexiform (synaptic) regions, giving a striated appearance, (iii) photoreceptor cells and their synaptic terminals, and (iv) the pigment epithelium. The inner retina, the photoreceptor cell layer and the pigment epithelium all have uptake systems for taurine with apparent Km's in the high affinity range (Km, 20-50 micron; Vmax, 13-33 nmoles/g/min). In vivo subcutaneously injected taurine was taken up by the pigment epithelium and then passed to the photoreceptors and inner retina over about 10 days. The total level of nucleide in the retina remained constant for at least 6 weeks. There was little or no metabolism of the labelled taurine during this time.
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Microiontophoretic applications of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) to spontaneously active, electrophysiologically identified Purkinje cells of the rat cerebellum failed to mimic the strong depressant action of norepinephrine on the same cells. These findings, in combination with a reevaluation of other studies, cast doubt on the hypothesis that cyclic AMP mediates the depressant actions of norepinephrine in the cerebellum.
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