PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

N M Barfod

Publications and source records attributed to N M Barfod.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

N-Acetyltransferase phenotypes in the urinary bladder carcinogenesis of a low-risk population.

N-Acetyltransferase phenotypes were measured in 228 patients with tumours of the urinary bladder and 100 non-cancer controls. 63.6% of the patients and 54.0% of the controls were slow acetylator phenotypes (p less than 0.10). In general, 65% of bladder tumour patients and 59% of controls are slow acetylators (p less than 0.025). N-Acetyltransferases are involved in the metabolism of carcinogenic arylamines and thus could be an important factor in interindividual susceptibility to these agents.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1982

Structural and functional significance of association of a low molecular weight chalone from JB-1 ascites tumours with high molecular weight factors.

The cell-specific inhibitory (chalone) activity of JB-1 ascites tumour cell proliferation has been purified using five different procedures. By combining (1) molecular weight estimations based on ultrafiltration and gel chromatography, and (2) partitioning in organic solvent and ion exchanges, it is concluded that the active factor associates, in a complex manner, with various other components involving both hydrophobic and ionic forces. The active factor appears to be slightly acidic, hydrophobic peptide (molecular weight 500-1000 D). When assessing the activity in vivo, it appears to be highly dependent on associated serum factors. Thus, the chalone studied appears to interact both structurally and functionally with various associated factors which affect its physicochemical behaviour and biological activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Isolation and partial identification of eight endogenous G1 inhibitors of JB-1 ascites tumor cell proliferation.

Eight endogenous G1 inhibitors of the proliferation of JB-1 ascites tumor cells have been isolated and characterized. The activity of the inhibitors has been analyzed on synchronized JB-1 (murine plasmacytoma) and L1A2 (murine sarcoma) cells in vitro using flow cytometry. The purified inhibitors have been tested for in vivo activity on partially synchronized JB-1 and L1A2 ascites tumors in situ. Four of the inhibitors exhibited a high degree of cell specificity (chalone-like inhibitors) and were chemically related, whereas the other four showed no cell specificity. In most extractions, the amount of cell-specific activity is more than 50% of the total G1-inhibitory activity. Most of the inhibitors are low-molecular-weight peptides and glycopeptides.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

A flow cytometric in vivo chalone assay using retransplanted old murine JB-1 ascites tumour cells.

A flow cytometric in vivo chalone assay is described. Transplantation of old JB-1 ascites tumour cells to new hosts induced an influx of tumour cells, with G1 DNA content, to the S phase. This induction could be reversibly and specifically blocked by injections of an ultrafiltrate of old JB-1 ascites fluid. The method described is superior to a previously published in vivo chalone assay using regenerating ascites tumours. Owing to a reduced variability in time of onset of DNA synthesis, a smaller scatter of observations is achieved and thus the number of mice per group may be reduced using the new method. In contrast to the older technique, the present one does not necessitate killing of mice during the observation period.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Cell-production rates estimated by the use of vincristine sulphate and flow cytometry. I. An in vitro study using murine tumour cell lines.

A method for the evaluation of cell-production rates is described which combines flow cytometry (FCM) and the stathmokinetic method. By means of FCM it is possible to estimate the distribution of cells with G1, S and (G2 + M) DNA content in a population. As this method gives the relative (G2 + M) DNA content of cells within the cell cycle, it may be possible to evaluate cell-production rates by this technique. In the present study it was found that administration of a metaphase-arresting (stathmokinetic) agent, vincristine sulphate (VS), to asynchronous cell populations of three different murine tumour cell lines in vitro increased the peak representing cells with (G2 + M) DNA content as the number of mitotic (M) cells increased during the period of treatment. The accumulation of mitotic cells was determined by cell counts on smears under the microscope and compared with increase in the (G2 + M) DNA peak measured by FCM as a function of time after the administration of VS. Good agreement was obtained between the cell-production rates as estimated by FCM and by mitotic counts in all three cell lines investigated.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Cell-production rates estimated by the use of vincristine sulphate and flow cytometry. II. Correlation between the cell-production rates of ageing ascites tumours and the number of S phase tumour cells.

A new method for the evaluation of cell production rates combining flow cytometry (FCM) and the stathmokinetic method using vincristine sulphate (VS) has been used for the analysis of three aneuploid ascites tumours at different stages of growth. Using this technique it was possible to estimate the well-known decrease in cell production rates of ageing ascites tumours. The percentage of normal host cells in the aneuploid tumours studied was easily determined by FCM prior to the calculation of the tumour cell-production rates. A correlation was found between the percentage of tumour cells in the S phase and the tumour cell-production rate. This correlation is probably explained by the gradual transfer of proliferating cells in S phase to resting G1 and G2 phases with increasing tumour age.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Lack of evidence of chalone activity in used medium and extract of JB-1 tumor cells in vitro. A flow cytometry study.

In cell-free mouse ascites fluid from the JB-1 ascites tumor in the plateau phase of growth low-molecular chalone substances have been found which reversibly and specifically arrest JB-1 cells in the G1 and G2 phase of the cell cycle. The aim of this study was to investigate whether chalones were involved in the regulation of in vitro growth of JB-1 tumor cells. Used medium and cell extract from confluent, stationary JB-1 cell cultures were investigated for proliferation-inhibitory properties. JB-1 cells from stationary cultures were explanted in test cultures and the traverse of cells through the S phase was investigated by means of flow cytometry (FCM). Inhibition--expressed as a delay of the traverse of cells through the S phase--was not observed when a surplus of used medium, concentrated and fractionated used medium or concentrated and fractionated cell extract from JB-1 cells in vitro was added to test cultures. On the contrary, used medium and concentrated and fractionated used medium stimulated growth. Thus, no involvement of chalones in the growth regulation of JB-1 tumor cells in vitro was detected.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Specific chalone inhibition of the regeneration of the JB-1 ascites tumour studied by flow microfluorometry.

The variation in the DNA distribution in the JB-1 and the Lla2 ascites tumour was investigated by means of flow microfluorometry (FMF) in the plateau stage and during the initiation of the regenerative growth induced by percutaneous aspiration. The study showed that a considerable influx of cells with G1DNA content into the S phase occurred in both tumours about 10 hr after aspiration. In the JB-1 tumour, these initial regenerative changes could be reversibly blocked by injections of cell-free plateau JB-1 ascitic fluid or an ultrafiltrate of this ascites. In contrast to these observations no delay in the regenerative changes was observed in the L1a2 tumour after treatment with JB-1 ascites or the ultrafiltrate. The study supports the assumption of a specific growth regulation of the JB-1 ascites tumour and emphasizes the suitability of FMF analyses in cell-kinetic studies in which short-term fluctuations take place in the distribution of cells with different DNA content.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Characterization of a G1 inhibitor from old JB-1 ascites tumor fluid. Interaction with polyions and ion exchangers.

In most experimental ascites tumors the growth rate decreases with increasing age and cell number. This decrease is caused by a prolongation of the cell cycle and an increasing accumulation of noncycling cells in resting (or quiescent) G1 and G2 compartments. In cell-free ascitic fluid from the JB-1 ascites tumor in the plateau phase of growth, low molecular weight substances have been found which reversibly and specifically arrest JB-1 cells in G1 and G2. In order to characterize the JB-1 G1 inhibitor we have investigated the effect of ion exchangers and polyions on the activity of this inhibitor assayed in vitro by means of a partially synchronized JB-1 cell population analyzed by flow microfluorometry. The results indicate that polyanions and cation exchangers (immobilized polyanions) bind and abolish the G1-inhibitory activity. From this it is suggested that the G1 inhibitor is of a basic or polycationic nature. Since anion exchangers (immobilized polycations) are without effect on this activity it was surprising to find that polycations also neutralize the activity. The results indicate that this occurs by blocking an anionic G2-inhibitor receptor on the cell, thus preventing the polycationic G1 inhibitor from being bound to this receptor.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Polymerization of protamine sulphate by carbodiimide and interaction of isolated protamine polymers with human red blood cells.

A method using a water-soluble carbodiimide to polymerize protamine sulphate is described. The behaviour of polymerized protamine in Sephadex chromatography and in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicates that protamine has been polymerized into aggregates with defined molecular weights. Turbidimetrical titrations of the isolated protamine polymers with dextran sulphate show that the cationic charge density has been conserved after polymerization. The binding characteristics of the protamine polymers to human red blood cells as measured by cell electrophoresis indicate increased affinity with increased molecular weight of the polymer.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1975

Employment of synchronized cells and flow microfluorometry in investigations on the JB-1 ascites tumour chalones.

In most experimental ascites tumours the growth rate decreases with increasing age and cell number. This decrease is caused by a prolongation of the cell cycle and an increasing accumulation of non-cycling cells in resting (or quiescent) G1 and G2 compartments. In cell-free ascitic fluid from the JB-1 ascites tumour in the plateau phase of growth lowmolecular-weight substances have been found which reversibly and specifically arrest JB-1 cells in G1 and G2. The present paper describes an in-vitro model for testing the effect of the humoral growth inhibitors contained in the ascitic fluid. The test system is based on synchronized JB-1 cells analysed by flow-through cytofluorometry. Addition to the synchronous cells of a ultrafiltrate (less than 50000 Daltons) of the JB-1 ascitic fluid was found to induce a complete, but temporary arrest of the cells at the G1-S border.

Animals↗