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N M Gayed

Publications and source records attributed to N M Gayed.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

Residency directors' assessments of which selection criteria best predict the performances of foreign-born foreign medical graduates during internal medicine residencies.

In the summer of 1990, 102 directors of internal medicine residency programs from nine areas of the country with the largest numbers of foreign-born foreign medical graduates (FFMGs) were surveyed by mail to determine what criteria used to select FFMGs for residency positions best predicted performance. The directors felt that the most important predictors were performance on the Foreign Medical Graduate Examination in the Medical Sciences or the National Board of Medical Examiners examinations; performance during the interview; and postgraduate clinical experience in the United States. Recent graduation from medical school was felt to be a better predictor than postgraduate clinical experience in a foreign country. Seventy-three percent of the directors found letters of recommendation from a foreign country to be useless. The author suggests the results of this study may be useful to residency programs in evaluating FFMG applicants and to FFMGs in assessing their own credentials.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

A formula for estimating pretest probability: evaluation and clinical application.

Knowledge of the prevalence (or pretest probability) of a disease is necessary for the interpretation of the results of a diagnostic test in a specific population of patients. This paper evaluates a formula for estimating the prevalence of a disease in a population, based on the proportion of patients with abnormal test results in that population and the known sensitivity and specificity of the test. The authors tested the formula by using it to estimate the prevalence of myocardial infarction in 215 patients with chest pain admitted to a coronary care unit, based on results of initial total creatine kinase determinations. The estimated prevalence was 30%. The true prevalence of myocardial infarction, based on established diagnostic criteria, was 25% (95% confidence interval 19.2%-30.8%). To further evaluate the formula, a sensitivity analysis was performed. Errors in estimated prevalence were inversely related to test sensitivity and specificity, positively related to the magnitude of the differences between presumed and true test sensitivity and specificity, and complexly related to the true prevalence of disease. This formula permits the estimation of prevalence of a disease in a population without resorting to the use of a "gold standard" test, which is often invasive or impractical. Situations are presented where the formula could be used to evaluate and improve the utilization of laboratory tests.

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