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Biomedical subjects

N M Goodwin

Publications and source records attributed to N M Goodwin.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

The respiratory depressive effects of intravenous buprenorphine in patients in an intensive care unit.

Buprenorphine hydrochloride, a new, potent, long-acting synthetic opiate analgesic, with partial agonist-antagonist activity, was administered intravenously to two groups of patients in an intensive care unit. Arterial blood was drawn for blood gas analysis before (control) and at regular intervals after drug administration, to determine the effects of intravenous buprenorphine on respiration in critically ill patients, each acting as his or her own control. Intravenous buprenorphine 0,4 mg (group I -- 10 patients) caused a significant reduction in mean respiration rate and an increase in mean PaCO2, but did not alter heart rate, PaO2 or base excess values. Intravenous buprenorphine 0,2 mg (group II -- 10 patients) was associated with a less significant reduction in the rate of breathing and elevation of PaCO2. Both 0,4 mg and 0,2 mg buprenorphine produced effective relief of pain, sedation, and reduction in restlessness, and allayed anxiety. Our results suggest that intravenous buprenorphine 0,2 mg can be safely recommended for the prolonged relief of postoperative pain in adults.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1979

Acute confusional states and depression treated with maprotiline mesylate. Report of 4 patients successfully treated in an intensive care unit.

Four patients admitted to hospital with multiple injuries developed psychiatric symptoms after an initially favourable response to intensive therapy. Alterations in the level of consciousness and behavioural pattern were observed, associated with the presence of acute depression, possibly endogenous in origin. Within 24--48 hours of intravenous administration of maprotiline mesylate (Ludiomil, Ciba), a tetracyclic antidepressant drug, considerable improvement was noted in all 4 patients, with regard to both the depressive state and the clouding of consciousness. The importance of recognizing psychiatric disorders in severely ill patients in an intensive therapy environment is stressed.

Anthracenes↗
PubMed1979

Effects of anticoagulants on acid-base and blood gas estimations.

The use of excessive amounts of heparin to anticoagulate blood samples for pH and blood gas analysis leads to erroneously low PCO2 results, whereas pH and PO2 are relatively unaffected. Derived base deficit values accordingly will be high. Dilution is seldom less than 6% but may exceed 40%, particularly when sampling fron neonates. Sodium citrate and Heller-Paul oxalate solutions were found to be suitable alternatives to heparin, whereas EDTA was not.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1977

First aid for shark attack victims.

A first-aid kit designed for the treatment of shark attack victims is presented. Emphasis is placed on the control of massive haemorrhage, the restoration of plasma volume and the transfer of the patient to hospital after initial shoch has been treated on the beach.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Psychiatric problems in intensive care. Five patients with acute confusional states and depression.

Five case histories are presented of patients with multiple trauma or severe infection, who developed psychiatric symptoms after an initially favourable response to intensive therapy. Alterations in the level of consciousness and behavioural pattern were observed, associated with the presence of acute depression, possibly primarily endogenous in origin. Following intravenous Clomipramine administration, considerable improvement was noted in all five patients, regarding both the depressive state and the clouding of consciousness. The importance of recognising psychiatric disorder in severly ill patients in an intensive therapy environment is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Total parenteral nutrition. A review.

Surgery, trauma, severe sepsis and burns are the most demanding physical stresses that a patient is likely to suffer, yet until recently, the nutrition of these patients was usually completely ignored. The concept of adequate feeding by the intravenous route is now well accepted and the authors present a review of many of the appropriate preparations which are available in South Africa, as well as a description of several regimens that have been successful in total parenteral nutrition (TPN).

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Chest physiotherapy during mechanical ventilation.

The effects of three different physiotherapy techniques on arterial oxygen tensions and A-aO2 gradients were evaluated in 17 patients subjected to mechanical ventilation. No significant changes were detected and the clinical significance of these findings, which contrast with those of other investigators, is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A simple clinical method of quantitating the effects of chest physiotherapy in mechanically ventilated patients.

A simple clinical method, allowing quantitive assessment of the effects of chest physiotherapy on patients subjected to I.P.P.V., is presented. The method involves measuring of the "alveolar" pressure using the end-expiratory retard mechanism available on the Bennet MA 1 (volume cycled) ventilator. Using this simple technique three different methods of physiotherapy were shown to significantly lower alveolar pressure, indicating an increase in pulmonary compliance. The inhalation of acetyl cysteine however, appeared to render treatment less effective in this regard.

Acetylcysteine↗