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Biomedical subjects

N M Greene

Publications and source records attributed to N M Greene.

85 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Anesthesia and the development of surgery (1846-1896).

The hypothesis that the introduction of anesthesia in 1846 accelerated the development of surgery was tested by compiling statistics on the types of operations performed in this country and abroad in the absence of anesthesia (prior to 1846) and over the 50-year period after 1846. Prior to 1846, surgery involved the extremities and superficial parts of the body almost exclusively. The same was generally true for 50 years following 1846. The introduction of anesthesia was necessary before surgery could advance, but control of infection, establishment of the sciences of pathology and physiology, and development of professionalism in clinical medicine and surgery based on research and teaching were also required. Almost a half-century lapsed after the introduction of anesthesia before surgery advanced significantly beyond the stage it was at prior to the introduction of anesthesia in 1846.

Anesthesia↗
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Anesthesia in underdeveloped countries: a teaching program.

A unique volunteer anesthesia teaching program in East Africa is described. Its object is to help correct the shortage of anesthesia personnel in underdeveloped countries, characteristically so severe that, in some areas, only 10-15 present of the surgery that should be performed can be performed. The design of this program, with its emphasis on teaching, may prove helpful for establishment of similar teaching programs in other medical disciplines in underdeveloped countries.

Africa, Eastern↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spinal anesthesia: practical applications.

The recent widespread popularity of spinal anesthesia can be traced to two events. One is the appreciation that, when used for operations below the level of the umbilicus, anesthetically induced physiologic trespass is less with spinal than with general anesthesia. The other is the recognition that modest hypotension with peripheral vasodilation, that may be seen with spinal anesthesia or intravenous infusion of nitroprusside, is, unlike hypotension associated with hypovolemia, unaccompanied by physiologically significant changes in peripheral distribution of cardiac output or changes in the balance between tissue oxygen supply and demand in the myocardium or elsewhere. Spinal anesthesia also has special advantages specific to urinary tract surgery in the geriatric patient.

Age Factors↗