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N M Kernohan

Publications and source records attributed to N M Kernohan.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Expression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in salivary gland tumours: an immunohistochemical study.

Sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary salivary gland tumours were stained with a monoclonal antibody to the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein to determine the incidence and significance of expression of this protein. The series of 131 tumours comprised 33 cases of pleomorphic adenoma, 2 of malignant mixed tumour, 1 oxyphil adenoma, 31 Warthin's tumours, 4 basal cell adenomas, 6 mucoepidermoid carcinomas, 14 acinic cell carcinomas, 19 adenoid cystic carcinomas, 3 squamous carcinomas, and 18 poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. Positive staining, as defined in previous studies, was present in five tumours (three cases of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, one mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and one adenoid cystic carcinoma). A review of the medical records of all patients did not disclose any clear difference between the clinical behaviour of positive and negative cases over a period of follow-up that ranged from 18 to 120 months. The findings of this study indicate that the protein product of the c-erbB-2 proto-oncogene is infrequently expressed in salivary gland tumours, and when it is localized on the tumour cell surface membrane, there is no clear evidence that this determines the biological behaviour of the tumour.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1991

Subungual malignant melanoma: clinicopathological features of 100 cases.

From the files of the Scottish Melanoma Group, we have identified 100 cases of subungual malignant melanoma (melanoma arising in the nailbed), and this represents 2.8% of the total melanomas registered during the period 1979-1989. Almost equal numbers arose on the foot as on the hand, with the thumb and big toe as the commonest digit affected. More than 80% were greater than 1.5 mm, with the mean Breslow depth 4.7 mm, and 70% were Clark level IV or V. Approximately half of the cases were of acral lentiginous type. At 5-year follow-up (54 cases), 26 have died of melanoma, six have died of an unrelated disease, four are alive with recurrence and 18 are alive and well. Features related to clinical outcome at 3 years were Breslow depth, mitotic count and the presence of vascular invasion.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Natural killer cells in cutaneous malignant melanoma.

Using immunocytochemical techniques on fresh surgical samples, a series of 16 cases of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) were examined to characterize further the host inflammatory response. Antibodies to the following cluster of differentiation (CD) antigens were used: CD-3, CD-4, CD-8 (T-cell markers), CD-11b, CD-14 (macrophage marker), CD-16 [an antigen expressed by natural killer (NK) cells and granulocytes], and CD-25. Also examined were a small number of other melanocytic lesions [two cases of lentigo maligna (Hutchinson's melanotic freckle) and five of intradermal naevi]. The results of the study document a population of cells with the morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics of NK cells in association with 10 of the 16 cases of CMM. These cells were consistently absent from the other melanocytic lesions studied. The presence of NK cells in association with some cases of CMM bears no clear relationship to the Breslow thickness, Clark level, tumour ulceration, or the presence of activated T cells as determined by expression of the CD-25 antigen. Whilst an explanation for the significant numbers of NK cells in some CMM lesions in unclear, their presence in intimate association with tumour cells does prompt speculation regarding a possible role in determining the biological behaviour of the tumour. Additionally, the study has confirmed and extended previous findings with respect to the broad characterization of mononuclear cells present in the host infiltrate associated with CMM.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Cystadenocarcinoma of the appendix testis.

We report an example of what we believe to be an adenocarcinoma of the appendix testis. This very rare neoplasm arose in a patient on long term treatment with oestrogens which may be implicated as an aetiological factor.

Cystadenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Breast cancers with extremely high oestrogen receptor protein status.

Seventeen cases of primary and one case of metastatic breast cancer which expressed greater than 900 fmol oestrogen receptor sites per mg soluble protein were examined. All these patients were post-menopausal at the time of their presentation. These were a heterogeneous group of well-differentiated cellular breast carcinomas, comprising cases of invasive duct carcinoma with extensive tubular differentiation or with focal argyrophilia, tubulolobular carcinoma, lobular carcinoma of mixed type containing abundant intracytoplasmic lumina, papillary carcinoma and type B colloid carcinoma. There was very little tumour necrosis. Nodal metastasis, tumour size and host inflammatory response did not appear to show any relationship with oestrogen receptor status. The patients, apart from two who died from other causes, remain alive (Fisher's exact test, P less than 0.01). In contrast, 17 randomly selected cases of oestrogen receptor negative breast cancer in the same study period were focally necrotic, poorly-differentiated invasive duct carcinomas. Six patients died from metastatic disease, seven were alive and well, one was alive with metastatic disease, one was lost to follow-up and two died from diseases unrelated to breast cancer.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

Interleukin-2 receptor expression in benign and malignant melanocytic skin lesions.

The immunophenotype of the lymphocytic reaction of melanocytic skin lesions (12 cases of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), three of Hutchinson's melanotic freckle (HMF), and eight naevocellular naevi) has been studied using monoclonal antibodies. CMM was associated with the most intense lymphocytic reaction, the lymphocytes being T cells of both CD-4 T helper/inducer and CD-8 suppressor/cytotoxic subsets which were present in varying proportions. Although less marked, the lymphocytic reaction to HMF and benign naevi showed similar features. An antibody to the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R; Tac, CD-25) was included in the panel and the earlier findings of positively stained cells in association with CMM were confirmed. In addition, the novel finding of these cells in association with HMF and naevocellular naevi is reported. The number of these CD-25 positive cells was extremely variable but they appeared most prominent in association with CMM. The findings presented here indicate that it is not possible to infer that CD-25 positive lymphocytes present in the host response to CMM necessarily indicates tumour specific activation of the cells of the host immune system.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Fatal Haemophilus influenzae endocarditis.

The range of microorganisms that may cause bacterial endocarditis is extensive. Increasingly recognised is the frequency with which Haemophilus species may be associated with this condition, although they account for less than 1% of cases. Haemophilus influenze, however, is very rarely implicated. We report a fatal case of H. influenzae endocarditis in a 55-year-old man.

Endocarditis, Bacterial↗
PubMed1987

S-100 protein: a prognostic indicator in cutaneous malignant melanoma?

A series of 215 cases of cutaneous malignant melanoma referred to a single department of clinical oncology between 1940 and 1969 was studied to assess the accuracy of the Breslow thickness and the role of S-100 protein in predicting the clinical prognosis. Histological examination of these tumours showed that although the Breslow thickness correlated well with prognosis, in a significant number of cases it did not reliably forecast clinical outcome. From this series, tissue from those patients who survived disease-free for more than 10 years and those who died within a year of diagnosis was stained immunohistochemically for S-100 protein. Contrary to the findings of earlier studies, strong staining for S-100 protein was associated with improved survival (P less than 0.001). A marked increase in the incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma was noted during the period of the study.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗