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Biomedical subjects

N Moe

Publications and source records attributed to N Moe.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Obstetric outcome in singleton pregnancies after assisted reproduction.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the obstetric outcome of singleton pregnancies after various procedures of assisted reproduction with a control group. METHODS: Maternal and perinatal outcome in 355 assisted-reproduction singleton pregnancies (study group) with a duration of 140 days or more were compared retrospectively with a control group matched for age and parity. All assisted-reproduction pregnancies resulted from treatment in one university hospital, and all control subjects delivered in the obstetric department of the same hospital. The controls consisted of 643 women, also with singleton pregnancies, who were matched for age and parity. RESULTS: In the study group, the frequencies of pregnancy-induced hypertension and placenta previa were increased. More patients in the study group were delivered by elective cesarean. Pregnancies after assisted reproduction were of shorter duration, with an increased incidence of preterm birth. Infants in the study group had a lower mean birth weight than did those in the control group and were more frequently referred to a neonatal care unit. CONCLUSION: Singleton pregnancies resulting from assisted reproduction represent obstetric risk cases, and the patients should be offered special attention during the pregnancy, which will probably be their only one.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Pregnancy outcome in renal allograft recipients in Norway. The importance of immunosuppressive drug regimen and health status before pregnancy.

BACKGROUND: To study the influence of pre-conceptional health status and immunosuppressive drug regimen on pregnancy outcome in renal allograft recipients. METHODS: The study includes all pregnancies in renal allograft recipients in Norway in the period 1973-1991. The data were collected from the patient records. Serum-creatinine values, proteinuria, blood pressure, recent graft rejection, and immunosuppressive drug regimen before pregnancy as well as the interval from transplantation until pregnancy were related to the frequency of deliveries at term, preterm deliveries, and of induced and spontaneous abortions. RESULTS: 54 pregnancies in 37 renal allograft recipients resulted in 31 term deliveries, 12 preterm deliveries, four spontaneous, and seven induced abortions. One induced abortion due to psychosocial reasons was excluded from the calculations. Post-transplant intervals less than two years as compared to longer intervals were associated with an increased frequency of spontaneous and induced abortions (6/13 vs 4/40, p < 0.01) and a non-significant increase in the relation between preterm and term deliveries (3/4 vs 9/27). The few women with proteinuria, elevated serum-creatinine values, and hypertension before pregnancy had an increased number of adverse pregnancy results. The women receiving cyclosporine A experienced a larger frequency of spontaneous and induced abortions (7/18 vs 3/35, p < 0.05) and an increase in the relation between preterm and term deliveries (7/4 vs 5/27, p < 0.01) as compared to the women who received prednisolone and azathioprine only. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate the importance of pre-conceptional consultation and may indicate a harmful effect of cyclosporine A on pregnancy outcome.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1992

[Determination of birth date by early ultrasonography].

Ultrasound examination has become an indispensable tool in antenatal care. In cases with intrauterine growth retardation, post-term pregnancy and when deciding elective delivery, knowledge about gestational age is essential. However, criticism has been raised against its routine use to determine gestational age. Ultrasound is subject to a certain degree of variation, as is determination of gestational age on the basis of the last menstrual period. Variation is less by ultrasound, which therefore reduces the number of "post-term" pregnancies. The consequences of post-term pregnancy are discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Antiphospholipid antibodies in pre-eclamptic women: relation to growth retardation and neonatal outcome.

The significance of antiphospholipid antibodies in pre-eclamptic women has not been thoroughly elucidated. The purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of pre-eclamptic women who were antiphospholipid antibody positive, and to elucidate the significance of these antibodies regarding growth retardation and neonatal outcome. Positive levels of anticephalin antibodies, which are antiphospholipid antibodies, were detected in 7 (19%) out of 37 pre-eclamptic women, as compared with none of 40 in a control group of normotensive women at similar stage of pregnancy (p = 0.004). The birthweight percentiles of the neonates of anticephalin antibody positive women were significantly lower than those of the neonates of anticephalin antibody negative women (p = 0.018). Four of 7 infants of anticephalin antibody positive women were growth retarded (less than 2.5th percentile). This was a significantly larger proportion than that for anticephalin antibody negative women (3/30) (p = 0.004). The 95% confidence interval for the difference between the two proportions was 0.10 to 0.85. Two of the 7 neonates of anticephalin antibody positive women died during the neonatal period, compared with none of the 30 neonates of anticephalin antibody negative women (p = 0.003). Thus, our study suggests that positive levels of anticephalin antibodies in pre-eclamptic women increase the risk for growth retardation and neonatal death.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Pregnancy outcome in renal allograft recipients: influence of ciclosporin A.

The outcome of 35 pregnancies in 26 renal allograft recipients is reported. Twenty-four pregnancies in patients treated with prednisolone and azathioprine resulted in 22 live-born infants (one twin pregnancy) and 3 induced abortions on medical indications. Three of the deliveries were preterm, and one of the infants had a birth weight below the 2.5th percentile. Ten patients (11 pregnancies) were treated with ciclosporin A (CsA). These women delivered 5 infants (3 preterm deliveries of whom the birth weight of one infant was below the 5th percentile) and underwent 3 induced (medical indications) and 3 spontaneous abortions. Mean birth weight in the CsA treated group was 2464 g (range 1790-2930 g), and their gestational age varied from 232 to 271 days. No foetal malformations were observed in the two groups. The results may indicate a harmful effect of CsA on pregnancy outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Spinal muscular atrophy type I combined with atrial septal defect in three sibs.

All three children of an unrelated Norwegian couple were born with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA I) as confirmed by autopsy in two of them. Two of the children died at birth, whereas one lived for 7 weeks on support systems that included artificial ventilation. All three children had large atrial septal defects (ASD). One had valvular aortic stenosis. Another had arrhinencephaly and transient pleural effusion which was evacuated during pregnancy. The findings may reflect concurrence of unrelated disorders caused by genetic or environmental factors, segregation of linked genes, pleiotropism or the existence of a previously unknown disease.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1990

Social conditions of children born after artificial insemination by donor.

Few objective data are available concerning the social conditions of children born after artificial insemination by donor (AID). We have studied 341 consecutive AID children born of 261 women during a 13-year period. Data from hospital archives were compared with information from the National Register of Norway. The parameters studied included age-relations of parents and offspring, sex- and age-relations between siblings as well as the divorce rate in AID families. Median maternal age at birth of the first AID child was 30 years. Forty-three percent of AID children were born in families that already had children or that later obtained an additional child; the majority of these siblings were conceived by AID. Mean age difference between the closest related AID siblings was three years. Six of the 261 AID families were split by divorce during the study period. The results only reflect such information as can currently be obtained with maintenance of the promise of secrecy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Duration of the latency period in preterm premature rupture of the membranes. Maternal and neonatal consequences of expectant management.

111 pregnancies complicated with premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) at a gestational age between 20 and 34 weeks, were observed prospectively with expectant management. Median duration of the latency period was 7 (0-109) days. The duration of the latency period was inversely related to the gestational age at PROM. Intra-uterine death ensued in 9.9% of the pregnancies. Clinical chorioamnionitis ensued in 12.6% of the pregnancies. Eight (7.6%) neonates developed sepsis. None of the babies died as a consequence of sepsis alone. Of the 43 (41.0%) neonates who developed idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), 8 (7.6%) babies died. The perinatal mortality rate was 18.6%. The study seems to justify the expectant management of PROM pregnancies of less than 34 weeks of gestation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Marital break-up among couples raising families by artificial insemination by donor.

The separation rate for Norwegian women who had given birth to children after artificial insemination by donor (AID, n = 227) was compared with the separation rate among all Norwegian women that met certain demographic criteria for equality (controls, n = 6,689). The criteria included identical year of maternal birth, similar age at marriage, and equally long period between marriage and birth of the first child. Mean duration of marriage at first delivery was 7.4 years, and mean age of the first child was 3.6 years at registration of the data. The incidence of marital break-up in the AID group was 1.8%, as compared with 3.0% to 3.7% in the control group. The difference is not significant (P approximately 0.15). The authors conclude that the separation rate in AID families does not differ significantly from the observed separation rate in a demographically matched population. The study highlights the importance of selecting a proper control group before statements of the magnitude of separations in AID families are made.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Mutagenicity testing of amniotic fluid from diabetic women, with special reference to their smoking habits.

Amniotic fluid from 16 diabetic and 78 healthy women at term was tested for capacity to cause mutations in Salmonella typhimurium bacterial tester strain TA98 (Ames test). Diabetes as well as heavy smoking increased the mutagenic activity of amniotic fluid. The difference between groups of diabetics and controls was significant in both nonsmokers and women who had smoked more than 5 cigarettes the last 48 h before delivery. It seems plausible that metabolic disturbances, perhaps enhanced by a lowered oxygenation, in some instances could produce mutagenic compounds. Mutagenic activity in amniotic fluid may be one of the factors underlying the increased incidence of congenital malformations in the offspring of diabetic women. Early mutations could cause such developmental errors in the embryos, and possibly also in future generations by damage to germ cells. Heavy smoking alone also caused an increase in mutagenic activity in term amniotic fluid. Our findings reflected an enhancing effect of smoking in diabetes. A pregnant diabetic woman who smoked would thus further endanger her already jeopardized pregnancy.

Amniotic Fluid↗