PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

N Monaghan

Publications and source records attributed to N Monaghan.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

What is the role of dentists in smoking cessation?

The associations between tobacco use and diseases affecting the oral cavity, such as periodontal disease and cancer, are now well recognised. This has lead to proposals from some members of the profession and the BDA that members of the dental team should provide smoking cessation services. Many dentists have positive attitudes towards the idea of dentists encouraging patients to stop smoking. However the belief that members of the dental team should engage in delivering smoking cessation interventions is not held by all parties. More dentists believe that they should offer smoking cessation support than actually do provide it and reasons for not providing it include time and reimbursement issues, need for further training and poor co-ordination of dental and smoking cessation services.

Dentist-Patient Relations↗
PubMed1999

Human nature and clinical freedom, barriers to evidence-based practice?

The perceived threat to clinical freedom offered by evidence-based practice is neither logical nor surprising. Resistance to change and to authority is part of human nature. When we make decisions based upon good quality information we are inconsistent and biased. Human nature offers many challenges to evidence-based practice. Can we do a better job of promoting evidence-based practice? And even if we find and use the evidence, will we make consistent unbiased decisions?

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1999

Dental caries, social deprivation and enhanced capitation payments for children.

OBJECTIVE: Investigate the appropriateness of the under fives' enhanced capitation scheme. DESIGN: Calculation of mean caries indices for socially deprived wards (Jarman score 2.5 or greater) and less socially deprived wards (Jarman score below 2.5) in Sheffield using dental epidemiology data and social deprivation data. Calculation of electoral ward dental registration rate using health authority population register data and dental practice board data. SETTING: Within a health authority using population data already held by the health authority. RESULTS: Children living in deprived wards are 1.5 times as likely to have experienced decay (47% versus 31%). Of those children with decay, children in deprived wards have more teeth which have experienced decay (mean dmft (dmft > 0) 5.4) and more untreated decay (mean dt (dmft > 0) 3.4) compared with their peers in less deprived wards (mean dmft (dmft > 0) 4.6 and mean dt (dmft > 0) 3.1). Dental Practice Board data is based upon dental practice postcode, hence some Sheffield electoral wards have dental registration levels as high as 1400 per 1000 residents. CONCLUSIONS: The principle of targeting dental need by use of Jarman Score is appropriate, however the targeting is undermined by the use of dental practice postcode as the basis of payments. Payment should be based upon the home postcode of the child patient.

Capitation Fee↗
PubMed1983

Trisomy 6q22 leads to 6qter due to maternal 6;21 translocation. Case report review of the literature.

Partial trisomy for the long arm of chromosome 6, involving 6q22 leads to 6qter, was observed in a 2-month-old male infant. The mother was 6q;21p translocation carrier. A review of the previously published cases with trisomies of different 6q segments suggests that the critical segment responsible for the clinically recognizable phenotype of 6q trisomy seems to be limited to bands 6q26 and/or 6q27.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1983

Partial trisomy 10q in three unrelated patients.

This communication describes three unrelated patients with growth and psychomotor retardation, multiple congenital anomalies, and dysmorphic features who were found to have trisomies for the different long arm segments of chromosome 10. After reviewing the clinical and cytogenetic data from the literature and our three patients we concluded that: a) There are at least two different clinical syndromes associated with long arm trisomy of chromosome 10 only one of which, the well known 10q trisomy syndrome, is characterized with specific clinical features. The only trisomic segment common in this latter group of patients with similar phenotype, yet with different trisomic segments, is the distal two bands, q25 and q26. Therefore the determinants for the well-delineated 10q trisomy syndrome seems to be located on the distal bands q25 and q26 and this syndrome would preferably be named "distal 10q trisomy syndrome". b) The patients with proximal and/or middle long arm segment trisomies of chromosome 10 are rare and they have yet undefined clinical features.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cognitive and linguistic profiles of specific language impairment and semantic-pragmatic disorder in bilinguals.

This study explored the notion that the extent to which language-impaired children can become bilingual depends on the type of language impairment. Single-case studies were conducted on two 7-year-old bilingual children, who had both been exposed to English and Afrikaans consistently and regularly from an early age. The subjects presented with specific language impairment (SLI) and semantic-pragmatic disorder (SPD), respectively. They were assessed on a battery of cognitive and linguistic tests in both their languages. Results indicate that the SLI subject, who presented with a deficit in successive processing on the Cognitive Assessment System, had difficulty in acquiring the surface features of both languages. She developed much better proficiency in English than in Afrikaans, despite substantial exposure to the latter. The SPD subject, whose cognitive profile was characterised by planning and attention deficits, but a strength in successive processing, presented with equal proficiency in both languages. The theoretical and clinical implications of this research are discussed.

Child↗