PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

N Moses

Publications and source records attributed to N Moses.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Breast and soy-formula feedings in early infancy and the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease in children.

It has been suggested that feeding practices in infancy may affect the development of various autoimmune diseases later in life. Since thyroid alterations are among the most frequently encountered autoimmune conditions in children, we studied whether breast and soy-containing formula feedings in early life were associated with the subsequent development of autoimmune thyroid disease. A detailed history of feeding practices was obtained in 59 children with autoimmune thyroid disease, their 76 healthy siblings, and 54 healthy nonrelated control children. There was no difference in the frequency and duration of breast feeding in early life among the three groups of children. However, the frequency of feedings with soy-based milk formulas in early life was significantly higher in children with autoimmune thyroid disease (prevalence 31%) as compared with their siblings (prevalence 12%; chi 2 = 7.22 with continuity factor; p less than 0.01), and healthy nonrelated control children (prevalence 13%, chi 2 = 5.03 with continuity factor; p less than 0.02). Therefore, this retrospective analysis documents the association of soy formula feedings in infancy and autoimmune thyroid disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

An approach to assessing and facilitating causal language in adults with learning disabilities based on Piagetian theory.

Salient characteristics associated with Piagetian cognitive stages served as the basis for developing a linguistic taxonomy of causal semantic relations. Causal statements from adults with learning disabilities and normally achieving adults were analyzed and organized within this taxonomy. A relationship between Piagetian cognitive stages and verbal expressions of causality was identified. Based on this relationship, principles of Piagetian cognitive theory were used to design assessment and intervention plans for adults with learning disabilities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Growth failure. A complication of dietary treatment of hypercholesterolemia.

We describe 8 children among a group of 40 in whom growth failure was associated with unsupervised dietary treatment of hypercholesterolemia. In 3 children, nutritional dwarfing ensued, and in 5, weight loss or insufficient weight gain occurred. Children with growth failure consumed significantly less energy and zinc than those children growing well. The dietary intakes of the 3 children with nutritional dwarfing were the most markedly deficient in total energy, fat, and micronutrients. These data suggest that the diagnosis and dietary treatment of hypercholesterolemia have potentially adverse consequences. Overzealous application of a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet may lead to growth failure due to inadequate intake of energy, vitamins, and minerals. Careful monitoring of children receiving modified fat and cholesterol intakes for hypercholesterolemia treatment is mandatory to ensure adequate nutrition for normal growth and development.

Body Height↗
PubMed1989

Fear of obesity among adolescent girls.

The perceptions concerning weight, dieting practices, and nutrition of 326 adolescent girls attending an upper middle-class parochial high school were studied in relation to their body weight. Underweight or overweight students were those with greater than 10% body weight differential for height. The high school students reported an exaggerated concern with obesity regardless of their body weight or nutrition knowledge. Underweight, normal weight, and overweight girls were dieting to lose weight and reported frequent self-weighing practices. As many as 51% (n = 60) of the underweight adolescents described themselves as extremely fearful of being overweight and 36% (n = 43) were preoccupied with body fat. A distorted perception of ideal body weight was documented, particularly among the underweight students; the greater the underestimation of perceived ideal body weight, the greater the actual deficit in ideal body weight for height of the students (r = .73; P less than .001). Normal weight and overweight girls had better concordance between their actual and perceived ideal body weight for height. The frequency of bingeing and vomiting behaviors was similar among the three weight categories. The data suggest that fear of obesity and inappropriate eating behaviors are pervasive among adolescent girls regardless of body weight or nutrition knowledge.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Communication of adults with learning disabilities: self and others' perceptions.

This study investigated perceptions of the communication performance of 31 young adults with severe learning disabilities enrolled in a vocational-education program. Communication assessment questionnaires, designed to rate communication skills of these students, were completed by the students themselves and vocational educators. These questionnaires included items in the areas of comprehension, verbal expression, social communication, and problem solving. Overall, the students' perceptions of their own communication performance were remarkably similar to those of the vocational educators. However, students perceived their communicative performance as less problematic than did others. Of the four areas pertinent to communication, students and vocational educators perceived problem solving as most difficult. Implications of these findings are discussed with reference to the development of assessment procedures for adults with learning disabilities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Parental health beliefs as a cause of nonorganic failure to thrive.

Parental misconceptions and health beliefs concerning what constitutes a normal diet for infants is reported as a cause for failure to thrive. There were seven patients (four boys, three girls), 7 to 22 months of age, who were evaluated for poor weight gain and linear growth. They were only consuming 60% to 94% of the recommended caloric intake for age and sex. The children's caloric intake had been restricted by their parents. They were concerned that the children would become obese, develop atherosclerosis, become junk food dependent, and/or develop eating habits that the parents believed were unhealthy. The parents instituted diets consistent with health beliefs currently in vogue and recommended by the medical community for adults who are at risk for cardiovascular disease. These diets caused the infants to experience inadequate weight gain and have a decreased linear growth rate. With nutritional counseling, all food restrictions were removed, the caloric intake was increased to 94% to 147% of the recommended intake for age. The weight gain rate increased significantly (P less than .05) from 0.1 +/- 0.1 kg/mo to 0.4 +/- 0.3 kg/mo, and the linear growth rate increased significantly (P less than .05) from 0.4 +/- 0.4 cm/mo to 1.0 +/- 0.6 cm/mo within 3 months of therapy. Exaggerated concerns about excessive food intake in childhood and/or concern about the sequelae of eating an improper diet has resulted in this entity of failure to thrive due to parental health beliefs.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1986

Combined FSH and LH secreting pituitary adenoma in a young fertile woman without primary gonadal failure.

A 28 year old fertile woman presented with a history of amenorrhoea and galactorrhoea, and an enlarged pituitary fossa. Serum FSH and LH were repeatedly elevated both basally (32 and 44 mIU/ml) and after LRH (peak values, 108 and 420 mIU/ml). One mg of oestradiol (E2) benzoate im daily for 5 days failed to lower basal or LRH-stimulated serum gonadotrophins. Serum E2 was 170 pg/ml, basal serum prolactin (Prl) was 30 ng/ml and responded briskly to TRH (peak value 103 ng/ml). An 0.8 X 0.8 cm tumour was selectively excised by transsphenoidal surgery. Menses reappeared soon afterwards accompanied by normalization of serum FSH and LH plus biochemical evidence of ovulation. Specific immunostaining of tumoural cells was achieved with either FSH or LH antiserum, and adequate suppression of staining was obtained after preabsorbing each antiserum with and excess of its respective antigen. Our patient appears to be the first documented female with a combined FSH and LH producing pituitary tumour and no prior evidence of primary gonadal failure.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A developmental conceptualization of clinical problem solving.

A taxonomy for assessing clinician development in three areas of problem solving based upon cognitive learning theory (Shapiro & Moses, 1989) was applied to the analysis of videotaped clinical sessions involving three student clinicians. The purpose was to evaluate, from a developmental perspective, the clinical performance of clinicians rated by their supervisors as performing at different skill levels. Three developmental profiles in three domains of problem solving (perspective taking, variables considered, and solutions generated during clinical problem solving) were derived from these analyses. The results supported the application of a developmental conceptualization to the assessment and facilitation of problem-solving skills in the professional preparation of speech-language pathologists.

Adult↗