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Biomedical subjects

N N Kudryavtseva

Publications and source records attributed to N N Kudryavtseva.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Chronic cocaine injections attenuate behavioral response of kappa-opioid receptors to U-50,488H agonist.

Chronic injections of cocaine (20 mg/kg daily for 10 days) increase activity and decrease anxiety in male C57Bl/6j mice in comparison with animals chronically injected with normal saline. U-50,488H (kappa-opioid receptor agonist; 2.5 mg/kg) produced an anxiolytic effect in animals preinjected with normal saline and had no effect in animals chronically injected with cocaine. Presumably, chronic activation of dopaminergic systems caused by cocaine injections is paralleled by desensitization of kappa-opioid receptor system.

3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cycloh↗
PubMed2005

The effects of the D1 receptor antagonist SCH-23390 on individual and aggressive behavior in male mice with different experience of aggression.

The dopaminergic systems of the brain are known to be involved in the mechanisms of aggression. The present report describes studies of the effects of acute administration of the dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH-23390 (0.1 mg/kg, i.p., over 30 min) on the individual and aggressive behavior of male mice of the line C57BL/6J with different experience of aggression. A group of animals with no previous experience of aggression responded to administration of this agent with decreases in direct aggression (attacks), though the total time of hostile behavior, i.e., the sum of the durations of attacks, aggressive grooming, and scattering of foreign litter, showed no change. The agent had no effect on the aggressivity of animals with 20 days of experience of agonistic confrontations. The discussion addresses the possible development of pharmacological densensitization of dopamine D1 receptors in aggressive males in response to prolonged activation of the dopaminergic systems in conditions of repeated experience of aggression, as demonstrated previously.

Aggression↗
PubMed2005

A model of anxious depression: persistence of behavioral pathology.

Chronic psychoemotional stress induced by negative experience of social defeats in intermale confrontations over a period of 30 days was found to lead to the development of anxious-depressive symptomatology in male mice. Cessation of the psychopathogenic conditions and placing of depressed animals in comfortable conditions for 1-2 weeks with females did not lift the pathological state. Individuals continued to show marked anxiety, a behavioral deficit, decreased communicativeness, and a high level of depressivity, as revealed by a variety of behavioral tests. Persistence of the resulting psychoemotional disturbance in these animals is evidence for the development and persistence of the behavioral pathology requiring drug treatment.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2004

Effects of repeated experience of aggression on the aggressive motivation and development of anxiety in male mice.

The sensory contact model allowed aggressive behavior to be formed in male mice as a result of repeated experience of victory in daily social confrontations. In individuals of the low aggressivity, high emotionality line CBA/Lac, repeated experience of aggression led to the development of anxiety, assessed in the elevated cross maze test. Males showed increases in aggressive motivation, measured in terms of increases in behavioral reactions to conspecifics in the partition test. It is concluded that repeated experience of aggression provokes the development of anxiety in male mice and that the level of developing anxiety, like its behavioral correlates, depends on the duration of aggressive experience and the mouse line studied.

Aggression↗
PubMed2003

Use of the "partition" test in behavioral and pharmacological experiments.

he characteristics and potential applications of a test assessing animals' behavioral responses to another individual placed in the neighboring sector of the cage, divided in half by a transparent partition with holes, are discussed. The animals' behavioral responses differed depending on the physiological and psychological state of an individual, its social experience, type of partner in the neighboring sector, and line. The "partition" test can be informative and productive in experiments designed to study the neurochemical and neurophysiological mechanisms of sociability, anxiety, olfaction, aggressive and sexual behavior, and in experiments addressing the psychotropic properties of agents.

Aggression↗
PubMed2002

Behavioral effects of novel enterosorbent Noolit on mice with mixed depression/anxiety-like state.

The aim of this work was to examine the behavioral effects of a novel lithium-based enterosorbent, Noolit (665 mg/kg), on male mice with mixed depression/anxiety-like state evoked by exposure to repeated social defeats in daily agonistic confrontations. The lithium component allows Noolit to be used as a psychotropic drug. Two experiments are described, in which the therapeutic and preventative effects of chronic Noolit treatment were examined. Response to Noolit was assessed in the plus maze, open field, partition test, and Porsolt's test. In both experiments, Noolit produced obvious anxiolytic and antidepressant effects. Treatment with Noolit fully restored some behavioral parameters in the plus maze and open field in depressed mice and prevented depression that would otherwise have developed. It has been suggested that enterosorbent Noolit can be a potent drug for the treatment of mixed anxiety/depression pathologies and for prevention of mood disorders.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Increase in expression of brain serotonin transporter and monoamine oxidase a genes induced by repeated experience of social defeats in male mice.

Serotonin transporter and monoamine oxidase (MAO) A are involved in the inactivation of serotonin. The former is responsible for serotonin re-uptake from the synapse, whereas the latter catalyzes serotonin deamination in presynaptic terminals. Expression of serotonin transporter and MAO A genes was investigated in raphe nuclei of midbrain of CBA/Lac male mice with repeated experience of social victories or defeats in 10 daily aggressive confrontations. The amount of cDNA of these genes was evaluated using multiplex RT-PCR. Two independent experiments revealed that the defeated mice were characterized by significantly higher levels of serotonin transporter and MAO A mRNAs than the control and aggressive animals. Increased expression of MAO A and serotonin transporter genes is suggested to reflect the accelerated serotonin degradation in response to activation of the serotonergic system functioning induced by social stress. Significant positive correlation between MAO A and serotonin transporter mRNA levels suggests common pathways of regulation of transcriptional activity of these genes.

Aggression↗
PubMed2002

Anxiolytic and anxiogenic effects of diazepam in male mice with different experience of aggression.

Effects of diazepam (0.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally) on aggressive and anxious behavior were studied on male C57Bl/6J mice with different experience of aggression. Diazepam reduced aggression in animals with previous 3- and 20-day experience of aggression, but the plus-maze test revealed an anxiogenic effect of this drug in the former group and anxiolytic effect in the latter group. It was hypothesized that previous aggression experience modified animal sensitivity to diazepam. The effect of the drug depends on psychoemotional status of experimental animals, and this status differs in male mice with short- and long-term experience of aggression.

Aggression↗
PubMed2001

Increase of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels in ventral tegmental area of male mice under influence of repeated aggression experience.

Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine transporter (DAT) mRNA levels in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of midbrain were measured by multiplex RT-PCR in male mice with repeated experience of social victories (winners) and social defeats (losers) in 10 daily agonistic confrontations. Two independent experiments revealed enhanced TH and DAT mRNA levels in VTA of the winners in comparison with the losers and controls (animals after 5 days of individual housing). A positive correlation between DAT and TH mRNA levels was shown.

Aggression↗
PubMed2000

Features of the genetically defined anxiety in mice.

The behaviors of male mice of the C57BL/6J (C57), CBA/Lac (CBA) and BALB/c (BALB) strains have been studied in the plus-maze and open field tests for estimation of state anxiety in the stressful novel conditions, and in the cubic box test (exploration of novel cubic box) and the partition test (behavioral reactivity to the unfamiliar partner in the neighboring compartment) for estimation of trait anxiety in the unstressful familiar conditions of the home cage. Plus-maze data suggest that C57 mice are the more anxious than CBA and BALB ones. However, it was revealed the opposite rank order in the open field. The study on the effect of pre-testing in the one of test on the behavior in the other test revealed active behavioral strategy in C57 mice in any situations. The plus-maze behavior of CBA mice was affected to a much lesser extent than in C57 ones after pre-testing in the open field, but expressed changes were observed in open field behavior of CBA mice after pre-testing in the plus-maze. BALB mice displayed low-reactive behavior after any pre-testing exposure under the state anxiety-provoking conditions. Familiar environment revealed a higher level of trait anxiety in C57 than males of other two strains: CBA and BALB mice willingly explore unfamiliar partner and cubic box while C57 mice avoid its. Mainly genetically inherent state anxiety in CBA mice and trait anxiety in C57 mice has been suggested. Lowest state and trait indices of anxiety were revealed in BALB mice in these conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Effects of haloperidol on communicative and aggressive behavior in male mice with different experiences of aggression.

Effects of two doses of haloperidol (0.1 and 0.4 mg/kg, 30 min and 24 h, IP) on communicative and aggressive behavior in C57BL/6J male mice have been studied. Some of the mice were without prior experience of aggression ("recruits"); the others had been victorious in 20 daily aggressive confrontations ("experienced winners"). Communicative behavior was estimated as the behavioral reaction to a standard tester (loser) in the partition test. Haloperidol in either dose significantly reduced communicative behavior in the "recruits." but not in the "experienced winners." Significantly fewer attacks, less total attacking time, and total time of aggressive behavior (aggressive grooming + attacks) were demonstrated by the "experiences winners," than by the "recruits," while the latency of the first attack, the number, the total and average duration of aggressive grooming events were significantly higher. In the "recruits," haloperidol dose dependently increased the latency and decreased the number of attacks, the total attacking time, and the total time of aggressive behavior 30 min and 24 h after injection. However, haloperidol did not affect the average or total time of aggressive grooming. Neither dose significantly affected any measure of aggressive behavior in the "experienced winners." It has been concluded that repeated aggression experience reduces the pharmacological sensitivity of the dopamine receptors.

Aggression↗
PubMed1999

Chemical characterization of effective and ineffective strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae.

Chemical composition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from an effective (97) and ineffective (87) strains of R. l. viciae has been determined. LPS preparations from the two strains contained: glucose, galactose, mannose, fucose, arabinose, heptose, glucosamine, galactosamine, quinovosamine, and 3-N-methyl-3,6-dideoxyhexose, as well as glucuronic, galacturonic and 3-deoxyoctulosonic acid. The following fatty acids were identified: 3-OH 14:0, 3-OH 15:0, 3-OH 16:0, 3-OH 18:0 and 27-OH 28:0. The ratio of 3-OH 14:0 to other major fatty acids in LPS 87 was higher that in LPS 97. SDS/PAGE profiles of LPS indicated that, in lipopolysaccharides, relative content of S form LPS I to that of lower molecular mass (LPS II) was much higher in the effective strain 97 than in 87. All types of polysaccharides exo-, capsular-, lipo, (EPS, CPS, LPS, respectively) examined possessed the ability to bind faba bean lectin. The degree of affinity of the host lectin to LPS 87 was half that to LPS 97. Fatty acids (FA) composition from bacteroids and peribacteroid membrane (PBM) was determined. Palmitic, stearic and hexadecenoic acids were common components found in both strains. There was a high content of unsaturated fatty acids in bacteroids as well as in PBM lipids. The unsaturation index in the PBM formed by strain 87 was lower than in the case of strain 97. Higher ratio of 16:0 to 18:1 fatty acids was characteristic for PMB of the ineffective strain.

Carbohydrates↗
PubMed1997

Effect of repeated experience of victory and defeat in daily agonistic confrontations on brain tryptophan hydroxylase activity.

The rate-limiting enzyme of serotonin biosynthesis, tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), was studied in brain areas of male mice with repeated experience of victory (winners) or defeat (losers) gained in 10 daily agonistic confrontations. A reduction of TPH activity in the midbrain and an increase in the hypothalamus was demonstrated for winners compared with controls. In contrast, repeated defeat in social confrontations was associated with higher TPH activity in the striatum and hypothalamus in losers compared with controls. Agonistic interactions did not affect TPH activity in the amygdala, nucleus accumbens or hippocampus in either winners or losers. The sensory contact technique used in this work for generating winners and losers may be productive in the analysis of TPH gene regulation.

Aggression↗
PubMed1997

Comparative analysis of anxiety-like behavior in partition and plus-maze tests after agonistic interactions in mice.

The behavior of C57BL/6J male mice with experience of repeated victories (winners) or defeats (losers) in daily agonistic interactions, was examined in the plus-maze and partition tests. The latter procedure assesses the reactivity of mice to another conspecific in the neighboring compartment of a common cage, communicative behavior or level of sociability. The behavior of mice after 10 days (T10) and 20 days (T20) of agonistic confrontations, as well as in controls (5 days of individual housing) was analyzed. Significant differences were found between T10 and T20 losers and controls in both tests. In the partition test, a decrease in the number of approaches and total and average time spent near the partition was found in T10 and, more pronounced, in T20 losers. In the plus-maze, losers showed fewer open and total entries than controls. Moreover, rarely did they pass from one enclosed arm to another, and also showed a decreased number of 'peepings' from enclosed arms. Percentage of open time did not differ significantly in losers compared to controls. It is suggested that the level of losers' sociability, estimated as low by the partition test, can include anxiety as a component, which is confirmed, at least partly, by some parameters of the plus-maze test. There were no differences in the partition or plus-maze tests between T10 winners and controls. However, all parameters of partition behavior were significantly different between T20 winners and controls. In the plus-maze, similar to losers, T20 winners displayed fewer open arm entries, number of "peepings,' and passages than controls. It was concluded that parameters of the partition and plus-maze tests correlate in mice with the alternative experience of agonistic confrontations, positive or negative. A combination of these two tests may be used for estimation of developing anxiety in mice.

Agonistic Behavior↗
PubMed1995

Correlation between tryptophan hydroxylase activity in the brain and predisposition to pinch-induced catalepsy in mice.

Pinch-induced catalepsy and activity of the rate-limiting enzyme of serotonin biosynthesis, tryptophan hydroxylase, in brain structures have been studied in mice of six inbred strains. A pronounced predisposition to catalepsy was found in the CBA mouse strain. It was shown that the CBA mice had the highest tryptophan hydroxylase activity in the neostriatum compared to mice of other noncataleptic strains. The experience of repeated victories in intermale encounters producing highly aggressive CBA mice resulted in the inhibition of the genetically determined predisposition to pinch-induced catalepsy and in the simultaneous decrease of tryptophan hydroxylase activity in the neostriatum down to the level found in noncataleptic mice. The inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase, p-chloromethamphetamine, significantly decreased the enzyme activity in the neostriatum of CBA mice and completely inhibited their genetically determined predisposition to catalepsy. These findings indicate the key role of the striatal serotonergic system in the catalepsy-inducing mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Social success and voluntary ethanol consumption in mice of C57BL/6J and CBA/Lac strains.

Voluntary ethanol (20% solution) consumption in mice of C57BL/6J (C57) and CBA/Lac (CBA) strains with consecutive experience of victories (winners) or defeats (losers) in daily intermale agonistic confrontations were studied. Winners and losers of the CBA strain maintained the ethanol consumption on the same level. Losers of the C57 strain increased the ethanol consumption most dramatically during the second week of testing, while winners of this strain did not change the ethanol intake. The aspiration to the social contact estimated by behavioral activity as a reaction to the other male significantly increased in "drinking" losers of the C57 strain. The influence of heredity and emotional state of animals formed by their social success on voluntary ethanol consumption are discussed.

Agonistic Behavior↗
PubMed1991

Social model of depression in mice of C57BL/6J strain.

Long experience of defeat in daily social intermale confrontations and permanent living with aggressive males under sensory contact conditions [Kudryavtseva (8)] has been shown to produce changes in the patterns of submissive behavior of male mice of C57BL/6J strain. The submissive males after 20 defeats demonstrated passive defense postures instead of active defense and withdrawal which they had displayed in first encounters. Moreover, new immobile postures appeared, which were very rare in the first confrontations. Submissive animals displayed a decrease of ambulation in the open-field test and increase the immobility time in the Porsolt's test. Chronic treatment with imipramine prevented the increase of "depressiveness" estimated by means of the Porsolt's test. There was a loss of weight and some disturbances in gastrointestinal functions. The data are discussed in terms of the development of depression in submissive male C57BL/6J mice as a result of chronic unavoidable social stress.

Aggression↗