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Biomedical subjects

N Newman

Publications and source records attributed to N Newman.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

A scanning electron microscopic and immunohistochemical study of spinal ligaments innervation.

Neural elements in the interspinous and longitudinal ligaments of the human lumbar spine were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and immunohistochemistry for neurofilament protein (NFP). The SEM results agree with our previous findings of nerve fibers and localized them in the superficial layers of the ligaments as well as in the deeper ligamentous substance. The immunohistochemical staining for NFP has clearly confirmed the presence of sensory nerve endings. Most of the nerve fibers terminated as simple free endings which are thought to be nociceptors.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical study of nerves in lumbar spine ligaments.

An indirect horseradish peroxidase immunohistochemical technique was used to identify neurofilaments protein-immunoreactive fibers in lumbar spine ligaments, from patients who underwent spinal surgery for disc herniation. Histologically, neural elements were abundant in all ligaments examined. In the ligamentum flavum the neurofilaments protein-immunoreactive nerve fibers were located especially close to blood vessels and fat globules. Bundles of nerve fibers were seen in all ligaments specimens except those from the ligamentum flavum. Supraspinous ligament and lumbodorsal fascia show also individual axons and free nerve endings. Contrary to the gold chloride impregnation method, immunohistochemical staining revealed no recognizable sensory corpuscles in these ligaments. This can be explained by the lack of immunoreaction of both the capsule of sensory corpuscles and the perineural sheaths of nerve fibers.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Unstable intertrochanteric fracture of the femur. A prospective randomised study comparing anatomical reduction and medial displacement osteotomy.

We conducted a prospective randomised trial to compare the results of anatomical reduction and medial displacement osteotomy in 127 consecutive patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures, of whom 109 completed the study. After an average follow-up of 11 months, we found no significant differences in walking ability, social status or failure of fixation in the two groups. Postoperative complication rates and the early mortality rate were not significantly different, but operating time and blood loss were significantly higher in the osteotomy group. With the use of modern sliding hip screws, medial displacement osteotomy is rarely indicated for unstable intertrochanteric fractures.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1993

[Morphological study of the innervation of spinal ligaments in scoliotic patients].

The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphology of nerve endings in spinal ligaments of scoliotic and normal patients. Nervous elements were investigated by means of gold chloride (AuCl2) impregnation and an indirect avidine-biotine peroxydase immunohistochemical method. Antiserum to a neurofilament protein (NFP) and S-100 protein were used as specific markers of nervous elements. In scoliotic and normal patients, immunohistochemical staining demonstrated a rich innervation of inter- and supra-spinous ligaments as compared to the yellow ligament. The immunohistochemical staining is however the most convenient and specific mean for studying the innervation in the ligaments. These two staining methods did not show any morphological difference in nervous elements of scoliotics ligaments as compared to the normal ligaments. These findings confront the role of the posterior ligamentous system in proprioception essential both in static and dynamic function of the sepine. However, the degeneration of neural elements in spinal ligaments could be involved in the etiology of the idiopathic scoliosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Lack of scientific evidence for the treatment of lateral epicondylitis of the elbow. An attempted meta-analysis.

We have reviewed 185 articles published since 1966 to assess the scientific evidence for methods of treatment for lateral epicondylitis of the elbow. Of the 185 articles, 78 discussed treatment, but since the natural history of the syndrome is uncertain we considered only those series with concurrent control groups. Only 18 of these were randomised and controlled studies. We then graded these papers for scientific validity, using the methods of Chalmers et al (1981). The mean score of the 18 articles was only 33%, with a range from 6% to 73%. A minimum of 70% is required for a valid clinical trial, and we therefore concluded that there was insufficient scientific evidence to support any of the current methods of treatment. There were too many methodological differences to allow a quantitative meta-analysis, but our qualitative review established the importance of the natural evolution of the syndrome and of the placebo effect of all treatments. Properly designed, controlled trials are needed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Sensory innervation of human thoracolumbar fascia. An immunohistochemical study.

We have studied the human thoracolumbar fascia by using antiserum against neurofilament protein (NFP) and S-100 protein to identify sensory nerve fibers and their endings. Seven surgical specimens from 7 patients were studied with light microscopy. In addition to free nerve endings, two types of encapsulated mechanoreceptors (Ruffini's and Vater-Pacini corpuscles) were identified. These findings support the hypothesis that the thoracolumbar fascia may play a neurosensory role in the lumbar spine mechanism.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Healthy ageing.

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Aged↗
PubMed1991

'Solubile': decision-making in the diagnosis of jaundice.

We have designed a computer program 'Solubile' to aid clinicians in the diagnosis of jaundice. Based on Bayes' theorem, 'Solubile' uses up to 47 items of information about the patient to produce the most probable diagnosis from 22 possible diseases. In a prospective analysis of 50 patients, 74% were correctly diagnosed in first place and 94% within the first three choices. The possibility of using 'Solubile' at differing locations was tested by prospectively diagnosing 100 cases at a second centre having a significantly different patient population. 75% of these patients were correctly diagnosed in first place and 89% within the first three choices. The diagnostic ability of 'Solubile' was compared with that of 20 clinicians of various grades. The clinicians correctly diagnosed 49.5% of cases (Solubile 74%) and placed 68.5% (Solubile 94%) within the first three choices. 'Solubile' will be of use to aid clinicians in aspects of the diagnosis and management of jaundice.

Bayes Theorem↗
PubMed1991

HPV changes and their significance in patients with invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva: a clinicopathologic study.

Records of 28 patients with invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva were analyzed with regard to age-specific incidence rate, associated human papillomavirus (HPV) changes, multifocal and unifocal distribution of the lesions, and incidence of nodal metastasis. The presence of HPV changes (koilocytosis and condyloma) around the neoplastic epithelium correlated with a mean age group younger than that of those without HPV changes (47 vs 77 years). All multifocal cancers were associated with HPV changes while only 35% of unifocal lesions were so associated. Patients with multifocal disease were found to have a mean age younger than that of those with unifocal disease (44 vs. 67). When patients with microinvasion were excluded, no patients with multifocal invasive cancer and HPV changes were found to have nodal metastases. In contrast, nodal metastases were present in 59% of patients with unifocal invasive cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Innervation of spinal ligaments of patients with disc herniation. An immunohistochemical study.

The purpose of this work was to demonstrate whether neural elements are present in the spinal ligaments removed from patients with disc herniation. The tissue samples were stained by an immunohistochemical technique using antibodies to neurofilament protein (NFP) subunits as specific markers. Numerous NFP-immunoreactive nerve fibers and free nerve endings were demonstrated within the ligamentous structures. These findings were discussed relative to the low-back pain of disc herniated patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Mechanoreceptors in the canine anterior cruciate ligaments.

Canine anterior cruciate ligaments were sectioned into sagittal, frontal and horizontal segments which were stained in bulk using a modified gold chloride method. Segments were then serially sectioned on a sliding microtome at 100 micron, mounted on slides, dehydrated and coverslipped. Abundant Ruffini and pacinian receptors were identified within the substance of the ligament. These receptors were innervated by 5 to 10 micron diameter axons penetrating from the peripheral synovium investing the ligament. The anterior cruciate ligament is capable of afferent input to the central nervous system of importance to the biomechanical function of the knee joint.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Recurrent massive subperiosteal hemorrhage in a patient with neurofibromatosis: a case report.

The authors report a rare complication of neurofibromatosis, recurrent rapidly expanding massive subperiosteal hematomas, in the thigh of a 22-year-old woman. The diagnosis was confirmed by plain radiography, ultrasonography and computed tomography. The first two hematomas were drained through a longitudinal lateral incision, tightly closing the periosteum over drains and applying a compression dressing postoperatively. The third hematoma was treated expectantly. Recurrent subperiosteal hematomas may lead to the formation of huge bone cysts and grotesque limb deformity, for which amputation may be the only solution.

Adult↗