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Biomedical subjects

N Nikolov

Publications and source records attributed to N Nikolov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Diagnosis and the therapeutic strategy in gallbladder carcinoma].

Authors analyse the results of the treatment of 39 patients with gallbladder carcinoma for period of 6 years (1987-1992). In relation to all the patients with gallstone disease treated in the clinic for the some period, patients with gallbladder carcinoma were 2.9%, and respectively 4.7% of all biliary operations. Gallstone disease was diagnosed in 28 patients (72%) with gallbladder carcinoma. Important for diagnosis were characteristic clinical signs and symptoms, supplemented by imaging methods (most important ultrasonography--performed in 34 patients). Radical operations were performed in 11 patients (28%), with one year survival rate 82% (9 patients). Authors discuss the relation between the clinical stage of gallbladder carcinoma, performed operation and survival rate in operated patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Hyperbaric oxygenation as a part of the treatment of chronic ulcerohemorrhagic colitis].

34 patients with chronic ulcerohemorrhagic colitis in exacerbation were treated with hyperbaric oxygenation in addition to the routine therapy. Two chambers model "Dräger" 1000 and 1200 were used. The total course of treatment included 10-12 seances with 60-75 min. exposition each. All patients improved significantly after the first 5-6 seances. The results of the treatment back up the use of hyperbaric oxygenation in the treatment of chronic ulcerohemorrhagic colitis.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1990

Hb Icaria-Hb H disease: identification of the Hb Icaria mutation through analysis of amplified DNA.

Hb Icaria-Hb H disease was observed in a Yugoslavian teenager who exhibited moderate anaemia with severe microcytosis and hypochromia and 16% Hb H. Four of his relatives were Hb Icaria heterozygotes; their haematological data were comparable to those with a deletional type of alpha-thalassaemia-2. The patient also had an additional alpha-thalassaemia-1 deletion, an approximately 20.5 kb deletion, common among Mediterranean populations. The Hb Icaria mutation, i.e. the TAA----AAA mutation at codon 142, was identified by hybridization of amplified DNA with specific probes. The mutation is located on the alpha 2-globin gene; the one remaining alpha 1-globin gene is apparently able to compensate sufficiently for the loss of the three alpha-globin genes to maintain a haemoglobin level of 8-9 g/dl.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Beta-thalassemia in Yugoslavia.

This study concerned the evaluation of beta-thalassemia alleles in nearly 50 patients with beta-thalassemia major and in 130 -thalassemia heterozygotes using gene amplification and dot-blot hybridization with synthetic probes. Fourteen different mutations were observed; of these, three (IVS-I-110; IVS-I-6; IVS-I-1) account for some 75% of all beta-thalassemia alleles. Newly discovered variants, i.e. T----C in the initiation codon and AATAAA----AATGAA in the poly A site were observed in a few patients. The poly A mutation with classical beta-thalassemia alleles result in thalassemia intermedia. Hb Lepore is a rather common abnormality and combinations of this variant with beta-thalassemia often result in severe disease; a search for beta-thalassemia mutations among patients affected with this disease should include an analysis to detect this hemoglobin abnormality.

Alleles↗
PubMed1990

[Radiocirculography in patients with cerebrovascular disorders].

The cerebral blood flow time (CBFT) was examined in 100 patients with brain circulatory disorders with the aid of radiocirculography (RCG). Use was made of 99mCc-pertechnetate (37 MBq) and a two-channel "Gamma" radiograph manufactured in the Hungarian Republic. The rate of film movement amounts to 160 mm/min at the time constant 10. The time of 5.5-7.5 s is assumed as normal CBFT. On recording the arterial and venous phases one can see different alterations in RCG, which primarily manifest themselves in the form of cerebral blood flow deceleration (ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, cerebral atherosclerosis, brain tumors) and in the shortening of the CBFT in patients with arteriovenous aneurysms.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Captopril in treatment of hypertensive diabetic patients. Preliminary study.

This investigation was performed in 15 adult patients: 6 with type I and 9 with type II diabetes mellitus, all with arterial hypertension. Captopril (12.5 to 100 mg daily, mean 34 mg) was administered for a month and was effective as monotherapy in all patients. The supine arterial pressure changed from: 177 +/- 19 mm Hg to 141.7 +/- 7.7 mm Hg systolic and 106 +/- 7.6 mm Hg to 87.3 +/- 5.3 mm Hg diastolic; and upright: from 162.7 +/- 16 mm Hg to 139 +/- 11.4 mm Hg systolic and from 101.7 +/- 11.6 mm Hg to 87.3 +/- 6.5 mm Hg diastolic. The differences were statistically significant (p less than 0.001). The mean blood glucose was changed significantly at the end of the study (from 11.1 +/- 3.4 mmol.l-1 to 8.1 +/- 1.0 mumol.l-1, p less than 0.001), while the daily insulin dose (respectively glybenclamide) remained unchanged. No alterations in serum creatinine, HbA1 (glycohemoglobin), urinary excretion rate of albumin, beta 2-microglobulin, glomerular filtration rate were observed during follow-up. No important change in plasma aldosterone was found, while plasma renin activity was significantly increased (p less than 0.05) as expected. No side effects were reported during the therapy. Captopril appears to be an effective and safe drug for lowering blood pressure in diabetic patients without affecting renal function.

Captopril↗
PubMed1987

Immunological and radioimmunological studies in food allergy.

Experiments in order to induce food allergy were carried out in guinea pigs. The sensitization with egg albumin, pasteurized cow milk and bovine serum albumin provoked anaphylactic shock. The passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, serum antibodies, liver cytochrome P-450 concentration and the anaphylactic shock were determined. Some correlation between the mortality, anaphylactic antibodies and cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase system was established. The morphology of the jejunal mucosa, the activities of the 5 disaccharidases, the number of immunoglobulin secreting cells (Ig SC) and the mastocytes were investigated in 35 patients with food allergy. Normal mucosa was found in 28 cases as well as a significant decrease of the lactase, sucrase and trehalase activities. An increase of IgM and IgG secreting cells and of mastocytes, different electron microscopic changes in the enterocytes (an increased number of lysosomes, appearance of vesicles in cytoplasma, shortening, enlargement and uneven distribution of microvilli) as well as symptoms of functional activity in the plasmocytes and some others were also revealed. The experimental model obtained is similar to that one in humans according to the enteral way of sensitization the high selectivity of the allergic reaction which is of reagin type as the immunoglobulin changes are involved.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Blood coagulation indices of turkey poults experimentally infected with Eimeria adenoeides].

Studied were the changes, taking place in the thrombocytes, the cephalin-kaolin time, the fibrinogen, the prothrombin time, the presence and the quantity of the soluble fibrin monomer complexes. Used were 70 3-week-old turkey poults, divided into two groups--experimental and control. It was established that up to the 24th hour after the invasion no serious changes were observed. Changes take place on the 48th, 72nd, 96th and 120th hour, after the invasion, characterizing the disseminated intravascular coagulation. Most typical are the changes on the 96th and 120th hour after the invasion, which express in decreasing the number of thrombocytes and the quantity of fibrinogen and in increasing the content of the soluble fibrin monomer complexes.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The 18- to 23-kb deletion of the Macedonian delta beta-thalassemia includes the entire delta and beta globin genes.

Restriction endonuclease mapping analyses were made of DNA from a few members of a Macedonian family with hematological characteristics of delta beta-thalassemia, ie, microcytosis, normal HbA2 levels, and elevated levels of HbF (7% to 14%) with G gamma (average 40.5%) and A gamma T chains (average 59.5%). A large deletion of 18 to 23 kb was present with a 5' breakpoint within a 670-bp segment of DNA between the HpaI and NcoI restriction sites 5' to the delta globin gene, and a 3' breakpoint between the BamHI and HpaI restriction sites located some 9 to 13 kb 3' to the beta globin gene. This deletion is different from those present in other types of G gamma A gamma(delta beta)zero-thalassemia. The similarity of the hematological expression of these delta beta-thalassemic conditions which have somewhat comparable 5' breakpoints supports the idea that an important fetal hemoglobin-controlling region lies between the psi beta and delta globin genes.

Chromosome Deletion↗
PubMed1986

[Mastocytes in the human intestinal mucosa].

A method has been for counting the mastocytes on 0.1 mm2 of intestinal mucosa in patients with chronic enterocolitis, gluten enteropathy, ulcerous colitis in a stage of exacerbation and in controls. The comparison of the results obtained in the separate groups of patients reveal an increased number of mastocytes in gluten enteropathy--mean = 21.01 +/- 6 as compared with the chronic enterocolitis, where mean = 9.79 +/- 3.83 (p = 0.002). Higher values of mastocytes in rectal mucosa were observed in the patients with ulcerous mucosa--mean = 15.83 +/- 4.49 as compared with the control subjects with means = 3.67 +/- 0.99 (p = 0.001). those data admit the participation of mastocytes in the morbid process in patients with gluten enteropathy and with ulcerous colitis.

Biopsy↗