Brachial plexus injury in snowboarding.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
N Ochiai
Publications and source records attributed to N Ochiai.
Repair of large full-thickness articular cartilage defects in the rabbit: the effects of joint distraction and autologous bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal cell transplantation.
We produced large full-thickness articular cartilage defects in 33 rabbits in order to evaluate the effect of joint distraction and autologous culture-expanded bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal cell transplantation (ACBMT) at 12 weeks. After fixing the knee on a hinged external fixator, we resected the entire surface of the tibial plateau. We studied three groups: 1) with and without joint distraction; 2) with joint distraction and collagen gel, and 3) with joint distraction and ACBMT and collagen gel. The histological scores were significantly higher in the groups with ACBMT collagen gel (p < 0.05). The area of regenerated soft tissue was smaller in the group allowed to bear weight (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that the repair of large defects of cartilage can be enhanced by joint distraction, collagen gel and ACBMT.
Animals↗
A paired study of Perthes' disease comparing conservative and surgical treatment.
We performed a paired study of mature patients with Perthes' disease to compare the radiological results after treatment between conservatively- and surgically-treated groups. One patient was selected from each group to create the pairs for this study. Each pair was strictly matched for gender, body mass index, age at onset, stage at the first visit, necrotic area and radiological at-risk signs and each was assessed by comparing the values of six radiological measurements. Eighteen pairs (36 hips) fitted the criteria. The radiological measurements which showed a statistically better result in the surgical groups were Mose's method, the acetabular-head index and leg-length discrepancy. There were no statistical differences in the slope of the acetabular roof and the articulotrochanteric distance. Four hips in the conservative group were in Stulberg class II, five in class III and nine in class IV. In the surgical group, 13 were in Stulberg class II, four in class III and one in class IV. We conclude that surgical treatment improved the sphericity of the femoral head and provided greater acetabular cover, but did not reform the acetabular roof. It was noteworthy that a greater leg-length discrepancy and a smaller articulotrochanteric distance were not seen in the surgical group. Our study suggests that surgical treatment is preferable in patients with severe Perthes' disease.
Child↗
Long-term implantation of zinc-releasing calcium phosphate ceramics in rabbit femora.
Zinc is an essential trace element that has stimulatory effects on bone formation. Recently, we developed zinc-releasing calcium phosphate ceramics in order to add the pharmacologic effect of zinc to calcium phosphate ceramics. In our previous study, we showed that the optimum zinc content for promoting bone formation was 0.316 wt %. Therefore a zinc composite ceramic of zinc-containing beta-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite, with a zinc content of 0.316 wt %, was chosen for long-term implantation. Cylindrical rods of the zinc composite ceramic were implanted in rabbit femora for 2 to 60 weeks. Using computer-aided image analysis, a histomorphometric study was carried out to investigate bone formation and resorption around the implants. The control was a composite ceramic of beta-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite without zinc. The addition of zinc to the implant demonstrated both favorable and unfavorable effects on bone remodeling. The favorable effect was enhanced bone apposition to the implant surface, demonstrated by a significant increase in intramedullary bone apposition rate at 6 weeks and in cortical bone apposition rate at 24 and 60 weeks (p < 0.05). The unfavorable effect was increased bone resorption, demonstrated by a significant increase in medullary cavity area at 60 weeks (p < 0.05). In order to utilize the favorable effect and avoid the unfavorable effect of zinc, either a reduction in zinc content in the zinc composite ceramic or the selection of implantation sites that do not have excessive exposure to bone marrow are required.
Animals↗
Determination of stale-flavor carbonyl compounds in beer by stir bar sorptive extraction with in-situ derivatization and thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
A method for the determination of stale-flavor carbonyl compounds including E-2-octenal, E-2-nonenal, E,Z-2,6-nonadienal and E,E-2,4-decadienal in beer was developed using stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) with in-situ derivatization followed by thermal desorption-GC-MS analysis. The derivatization conditions with O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine and the SBSE conditions--sampling mode, salt addition, sample volume, polydimethylsiloxane volume (sample/polydimethylsiloxane phase ratio) and extraction time--were examined. The method showed good linearity over the concentration range from 0.1 to 10 ng ml(-1) for all analytes and the correlation coefficients were higher than 0.9993. The limits of detection ranged from 0.021 to 0.032 ng ml(-1) for all analytes. The recoveries (98-101%) and precision (RSD 2.4-7.3%) of the method were examined by analyzing beer samples fortified at the 0.5-ng ml(-1) level. The method was successfully applied to low-level concentration samples.
Beer↗
Intramuscular edema as a complication of treatment with imatinib.
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Adult↗
Successful non-T cell-depleted HLA haplo-identical three-loci mismatched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from mother to son based on the feto-maternal microchimerism in chronic myelogenous leukemia.
A 17-year-old male with chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis received a non-T cell-depleted (TCD) HLA haplo-identical three-loci mismatched hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) from his mother. Long-term feto-maternal microchimerism was detected by nested polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primer typing. The post-transplantation prophylaxis against graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was tacrolimus with minidose methotrexate. Sustained engraftment was obtained. Acute GVHD (grade 2) developed, but improved rapidly. Bone marrow aspiration on day 120 showed complete remission. Non-TCD HLA haplo-identical HSCT based on feto-maternal microchimerism might be feasible and has important implications in the selection of alternative family donors in HSCT.
Adolescent↗
Mydriasis after the treatment of vindesine in a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia.
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Adult↗
Analysis of volatile sulphur compounds in breath by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using a three-stage cryogenic trapping preconcentration system.
A method for the determination of trace volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs) including methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) at low ppbv (volume/volume) in breath has been developed using a large volume preconcentration technique prior to capillary GC-MS analysis. The breath sample was collected in a 6-1 fused-silica-lined stainless steel canister and introduced into the three-stage cryogenic trapping preconcentration system by GC-MS in the total ion monitoring (scan) mode. The water condensation effect of breath sample inside the canister, which is due to the difference between human body temperature and laboratory temperature, was examined. The condensed water in the fused-silica-lined canister at 24 degrees C did not affect the recoveries of VSCs within 12 h. As this three-stage cryogenic trapping preconcentration technique made it possible to remove excess water [relative humidity (RH) >95%] and carbon dioxide (3.8%) without loss of the VSCs, more than 400 ml of the breath sample could be concentrated. The detection limits of methanethiol, DMS and DMDS in a breath sample using this method were 0.13, 0.09 and 0.15 ppbv, respectively.
Breath Tests↗
Characterization of mutations in the two-component histidine kinase gene that confer fludioxonil resistance and osmotic sensitivity in the os-1 mutants of Neurospora crassa.
Osmotic-sensitive (os-1) mutant alleles in Neurospora crassa exhibit resistance to dicarboximides, aromatic hydrocarbons and phenylpyrroles. We have previously reported that the os-1 mutants can be classified into two groups based on their resistance to fungicides and osmotic stress: type I, which are highly resistant to iprodione and fludioxonil but moderately sensitive to osmotic stress, and type II, which are highly sensitive to osmotic stress but moderately resistant to fungicides. To explain the mechanism of resistance to these fungicides, we cloned and sequenced the mutant os-1 genes that encode putative osmo-sensing histidine kinase. Within the os-1 gene product (Os1p), the type I strains, NM233t and Y256M209, carried a stop codon at amino acid position 308 and a frameshift at amino acid position 294, respectively. These mutation sites were located on the upstream of histidine kinase and the response regulator domains of Os1p, strongly suggesting that type I strains are null mutants. The null mutants, NM233t and Y256M209, were highly resistant to iprodione and fludioxonil; thus Os1p is essential for these fungicides to express their antifungal activity. The amino acid changes in Os1p, 625Pro from Leu, 578Val from Ala, and 580Arg from Gly were found in the type II strains, M16, M155-1 and P5990, respectively. Os1p is novel in having six tandem repeats of 90 amino acids in the N terminal. Each amino acid change of the type II strains was located on the fifth unit of six tandem repeats. Type II strains with single amino acid changes were more sensitive to osmotic stress than the null mutants (type I), indicating that the amino acid repeats of Os1p were responsible for an important function in osmo-regulation.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Postoperative changes on functional mapping of the motor cortex in patients with brachial plexus injury: comparative study of magnetoencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging.
Using magnetoencephalography (MEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (f-MRI), we investigated the areas of the cerebral cortex that were activated when patients with brachial plexus injuries performed elbow flexion, a motion re-acquired through nerve transfer surgery. In all patients, elbow flexion on the operated side and on the unaffected side led to the activation of an area in the motor cortex, with these areas being located almost symmetrically on either side of the sagittal midline. These findings suggest that the activity center for the transferred intercostal nerves shifted to the motor cortex for the elbow, from the original intercostal nerve site.
Adolescent↗
Clinicopathological features of myeloid/natural killer (NK) cell precursor acute leukemia.
Four patients (three males and one female) were diagnosed as myeloid/natural killer (NK) cell precursor acute leukemia in our department. Two patients showed the extramedullary involvement at initial presentation. Leukemic cells expressed CD7, CD33, CD45 and CD56 in all patients. Additionally, CD13, CD34, HLA-DR, cytoplasmic CD3 and myeloperoxidase were expressed in some patients. Trisomy 10 was found in two patients, which has not been reported in this disease. Therefore, myeloid/NK cell precursor acute leukemia might be rather heterogeneous especially in chromosomal abnormality though it seemed to constitute the distinct clinical entity among acute myeloid leukemia of M0 subtype.
Acute Disease↗
Immunohistochemical demonstration of nerve fibers in the synovial fold of the human cervical facet joint.
The role of the intra-articular synovial fold as a source of facet joint pain is unclear, because the nature of nociceptive innervation in lumbar synovial folds is controversial, and there have been no such studies in cervical synovial folds. The present study aimed to demonstrate the presence of nerve fibers including nociceptive fibers in synovial folds of human cervical facet joints using immunohistochemistry. Synovial folds of cervical facet joints removed from patients undergoing cervical spine laminoplasty were analyzed immunohistochemically using antibodies to protein gene product 9.5, beta III-tubulin, substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide. Many nerve fibers immunoreactive for protein gene product 9.5 and beta III-tubulin were demonstrated both around blood vessels and as free fibers in the stroma of the synovial fold. Also. immunostaining showed the presence of free nerve fibers immunoreactive for substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide in the stroma. The presence of putative nociceptive fibers in cervical synovial folds supports a possible role for these structures as a source of cervical facet joint pain.
Adult↗
Plasma thrombopoietin levels in Sebastian platelet syndrome.
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Adult↗
Subcutaneous infection with Mycobacterium fortuitum after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
Reports of cases of mycobacterial infections after SCT are rare. We report a 30-year-old female with a cutaneous infection of Mycobacterium fortuitum 30 months after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The patient was successfully treated with surgical debridement followed by oral minocycline and clarithromycin. Mycobacterial infections should be considered in SCT patients with undiagnosed refractory chronic cutaneous infection, and surgical debridement is useful for the diagnosis and treatment of such infections.
Adult↗
Determination of trace amounts of off-flavor compounds in drinking water by stir bar sorptive extraction and thermal desorption GC-MS.
A method for the determination of trace amounts of off-flavor compounds including 2-methylisoborneol, geosmin and 2,4,6-trichloroanisole in drinking water was developed using the stir bar sorptive extraction technique followed by thermal desorption-GC-MS analysis. The extraction conditions such as extraction mode, salt addition, extraction temperature, sample volume and extraction time were examined. Water samples (20, 40 and 60 ml) were extracted for 60-240 min at room temperature (25 degrees C) using stir bars with a length of 10 mm and coated with a 500 microm layer of polydimethylsiloxane. The extract was analyzed by thermal desorption-GC-MS in the selected ion monitoring mode. The method showed good linearity over the concentration range from 0.1 or 0.2 or 0.5 to 100 ng l(-1) for all the target analytes, and the correlation coefficients were greater than 0.9987. The detection limits ranged from 0.022 to 0.16 ng l(-1). The recoveries (89-109%) and precision (RSD: 0.80-3.7%) of the method were examined by analyzing raw water and tap water samples fortified at the 1 ng l(-1) level. The method was successfully applied to low-level samples (raw water and tap water).
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry↗
Ulnar groove plasty for friction neuropathy at the elbow.
In this paper, we report on a new operation for ulnar neuropathy caused by friction at the elbow. The operation consists of ulnar groove plasty proximal to the cubital tunnel. The ulnar nerve is replaced into this reconstructed groove. Patients are relieved of discomfort, and motor and sensory functions are recovered. The nerve is kept stable throughout the full range of elbow motion and showed neither irritation nor adhesion. Friction ulnar neuropathy is traditionally treated by anterior transpositon or medial epicondylectomy. The ulnar nerve may become entrapped in scar tissue after these operations. We believe that this anatomical position is optimum for the nerve and that this procedure is essential for treatment of friction neuropathy.
Adolescent↗
[Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia with monosomy 7 successfully treated with intermediate- and high-dose ara-C].
A 52-year-old man was admitted for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The bone marrow was hypercellular with 67.2% blasts, which were negative for peroxidase, and expressed CD13, CD33, CD34, CD10 and CD7. Cytogenetic and molecular studies revealed t(9;22) and -7(Ph/-7) with major BCR/ABL rearrangement. The patient was treated with the L-AdVP regimen, but failed to achieve complete remission (CR). He then received two courses of chemotherapy consisting of intermediate- and high-dose cytarabine (ara-C), resulting in CR. This case suggests that Ph/-7 ALL with major BCR/ABL gene rearrangement showing coexpression of myeloid antigens may be sensitive to intermediate- and high-dose ara-C.
Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗