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Biomedical subjects

N Ohmiya

Publications and source records attributed to N Ohmiya.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effect of duodenal mucosal blood flow on duodenal alkaline secretion in rats.

To investigate the role of duodenal mucosal blood flow (DMBF) in the regulation of duodenal alkaline secretion (DAS), both parameters were measured before and after the administration of various drugs in rats. The DMBF was determined using an electrolytically generated hydrogen gas clearance technique, and the DAS was measured by the perfusion method. The administration of dulcerozine, a potent duodenal ulcerogenic agent, at a dose of 250 mg/kg and serotonin at a dose of 20 mg/kg, which produces duodenal ulcerations with an acid load, decreased both DMBF and DAS. On the other hand, the administration of secretin at a dose of 10 U/kg increased both parameters. There were parallel changes in DMBF and DAS. It is concluded, therefore, that DAS may be regulated by DMBF and that both parameters may be involved in the defense mechanism of duodenal mucosa.

Alkalies↗
PubMed1992

Prevalence of gallbladder polyps among apparently healthy Japanese: ultrasonographic study.

The prevalence of gallbladder polyps was investigated in apparently healthy Japanese who underwent abdominal ultrasonography as part of their health screening examination. The polyps found were differentiated from gallstones, adenomas, or carcinomas as much as possible, and were considered to be cholesterol polyps. The prevalence of such gallbladder polyps was higher among males in every decade of age evaluated. The subjects with gallbladder polyps were more obese than the control group without gallbladder polyps, on abdominal ultrasonograms. The prevalence of gallbladder polyps rose in accordance with a rise in obesity index. At each range of obesity index, the prevalence of gallbladder polyps was higher among males. The prevalence of gallbladder polyps was highest among the middle-aged (40- and 50-yr-old) males, similar to the curve of the obesity index. In females, the obesity index increased with age, with no accompanying rise in the prevalence of gallbladder polyps. These data suggest that obesity contributes to the formation of cholesterol polyps of the gallbladder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[A case of cerebral aspergilloma following radical operation of a cerebral aneurysm].

A case of aspergillotic abscess with granuloma is reported. A 45-year-old man was admitted to our hospital on Apr. 10, 1984 due to the rupture of an aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery. Neck clipping of the aneurysm was proposed on Apr. 12, 1984, but was not performed because of cardiac arrest with unknown etiology during the operation. Neck clipping was performed on Apr. 23, 1984. Antibiotic therapy was prolonged for about three weeks. About 6 months after surgery, he was readmitted on Oct. 12, 1984 with the chief complaint of general fatigue and headache. On readmission, laboratory examinations were normal except for leukocytosis, elevated ESR and positive CRP. Neurological examination revealed left papilledema, disorientation and memory disturbance. On lumbar puncture, the cerebrospinal fluid showed 2 lymphocytes, 71 mg percent protein, 94 mg percent glucose. The skull and chest X-ray findings were normal. The CT scan revealed an irregular low density area in the left frontal lobe with abnormal enhancement. Steroids and antibiotic therapy were initiated. Since mass signs on CT scan increased gradually, partial removal of abscess and granuloma was performed on Nov. 5, 1984. From the necrotic granuloma, Aspergillus was microscopically recognized and Aspergillus fumigatus was cultured on Sabouraud's medium. Immunologically, serum immunoglobulin levels and the subset of lymphocytes were normal. Tuberculin reaction was negative. After the operation, amphotericin-B and 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) were administered. Nevertheless mass signs on CT scan increased again. The fourth operation was performed on Dec. 6, 1984.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1976

Amino acid sequence of a four-iron-four-sulphur ferredoxin isolated from Bacillus stearothermophilus.

1. The primary structure of a 4Fe-4S ferredoxin from Bacillus stearothermophilus was determined and shown to consist of a single polypeptide chain of 81 amino acid residues. The molecular weight of the holoprotein is about 9120. 2. There are only four cysteine residues in the molecule; three of these are located near the N-terminus as a Cys-X-X-Cys-X-X-Cys segment, and the fourth cysteine residue is followed by a proline and located in the C-terminal half. 3. The Fe-S chromophore in B. stearothermophilus ferredoxin was previously well characterized and was shown to consist of a single 4Fe-4S cluster. This ferredoxin sequence establishes for the first time the relative location of the four cysteine residues necessary to bind the 4Fe-4S cluster of a 4Fe ferredoxin, and is in agreement with the criteria for the relative positions of the cysteines proposed from X-ray-crystallographic studies on an 8Fe (two 4Fe-4S clusters) ferredoxin. 4. The sequence of B. stearothermophilus ferredoxin is homologous in many segments to that of other bacterial ferredoxins, the degree of homology being greater towards ferredoxins from Desulfovibrio gigas and photosynthetic bacteria than to Clostridial ferredoxins. 5. The presence of a relatively higher number of glutamic acid and lower number of cysteine residues in the molecule may explain the greater thermal stability and oxygen-insenstivity of this ferredoxin.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor in experimental colitis induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid in rats.

1. The present study was designed to investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in modulating 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats. 2. Damage scores and NO synthase (NOS) activity were measured. 3. The damage scores and NOS activity reached a peak on the 4th day after administration of TNBS solution (day 0), thereafter gradually decreasing, and were significantly higher than in the group treated with saline throughout the experimental period. 4. Subsequently, we divided the stage of colitis into two groups, one from day 0 to day 3 after induction of colitis, and the other from day 4 onwards. We evaluated the effects of the NOS inhibitor N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), on TNBS-hapten-induced colitis and colonic mucosal blood flow. Two different methods of L-NMMA administration, from day 0 to day 3, and from day 4 onwards, were undertaken. 5. The damage score in the early L-NMMA treatment group was significantly higher than in the group without L-NMMA on day 14. In contrast, the damage score in the late L-NMMA treatment group was not significantly different from the group without L-NMMA. Colonic mucosal blood flow in the early L-NMMA treatment group was not significantly different from that in the late L-NMMA treatment group. 6. These data suggest that NO is important for inhibiting inflammation during the early stages.

Animals↗