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Biomedical subjects

N P Jones

Publications and source records attributed to N P Jones.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Extracapsular cataract extraction after vitrectomy.

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the reliability, safety, and effectiveness of extracapsular cataract extraction (without the use of pars plana infusion) in eyes that have had vitrectomy. SETTING: The Manchester Royal Eye Hospital. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of surgical and postsurgical complications and visual acuity change in 41 patients who had one or more vitreoretinal procedures, followed by extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation at a subsequent date. RESULTS: No significant operative complications were encountered using an extracapsular technique without pars plana infusion. Thirty eyes (73.2%) had a significant increase in visual acuity, 10 (24.4%) did not change, and 1 worsened. CONCLUSIONS: A modified form of extracapsular extraction, with control of intraocular fluid flow but without the use of a pars plana infusion, is safe and effective in post-vitrectomy eyes.

Cataract↗
PubMed1995

Massive proliferation of lens epithelial remnants after Nd-YAG laser capsulotomy.

Eight eyes exhibited massive proliferation of lens epithelial remnants following Nd-YAG posterior capsulotomy. All eyes had pre-existing retinal pathology. Six had undergone vitrectomy (four for proliferative diabetic retinopathy) before extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. The other two eyes had familial exudative vitreoretinopathy or retinopathy of prematurity, respectively. Five eyes required removal of the lens proliferations via a pars plana approach. High levels of growth factors in the posterior segment associated with proliferative disorders of the retina may play a role in lens cell proliferation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Eye injury and eye protection: a survey of the chemical industry.

A population-based study of chemical eye injury in the chemical industry is reported. In a population of 62,839 workers studied for one month (approximately 10 million man-hours), 60 eye injuries (45.1 per cent of all eye injuries) were caused by chemicals (eye injury incidence 11.4 per 1000 employees per year). Six patients (10 per cent) required hospital attention. No sight-threatening injuries occurred. Health workers within the industry have recognized that most of these injuries are avoidable. Eye protectors were not a requirement in some situations where injury occurred (one-third of injuries), were not used where specified in some cases, and in others failed to prevent injury even when worn. This low incidence of injury can be reduced further by appropriate selection and wear of protectors, by education and by legislation.

Chemical Industry↗
PubMed1994

Orbital blowout fractures in sport.

One-third of orbital blowout fractures are sustained during sport. Soccer is most commonly involved. Though visual acuity recovery is usually complete, permanent loss of binocular visual field is almost universal. Typically high-energy blows by opponent's finger, fist, elbow, knee or boot are responsible. Injuries to the eye itself may also be sustained and should be looked for. Ocular protection may be feasible in some sports, but the main preventive measure to be addressed is the reduction in aggressive play or deliberate injury.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1993

Eye injury in sport: incidence, biomechanics, clinical effects and prevention.

The incidence of eye injury in sport is rising and is a matter for concern. The mechanics of blunt eye injury and its clinical effects are described. The sports causing particular concern are squash and badminton, where protective spectacles are used too infrequently. The need for, and methods of, injury prevention in sport are discussed.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1992

Eye injuries at work: a prospective population-based survey within the chemical industry.

A population of 63,000 chemical industry workers was studied prospectively over approximately 10,000,000 man-hours of work. A total of 133 eye injuries were reported (8.4% of all injuries), of which 22% needed medical attention. Eye protection was often not worn, some protectors may have been wrongly recommended for a particular task, and some protectors may have failed to perform adequately. In this population, an eye injury occurred once every 75,000 man-hours of work on average (injury incidence 23:1000:year). Most injuries were avoidable. Revision of protection protocols at work, and improved education of personnel are needed to reduce the incidence of occupational eye injury.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1992

Neurological problems presenting to an ophthalmic casualty department.

All patients presenting with neurological problems to an eye hospital casualty department over one year were prospectively studied. A total of 119 patients were identified. The most frequent diagnoses were retrobulbar neuritis (34; 28.5%), sixth cranial nerve palsy (22; 18.5%), third cranial nerve palsy (15; 12.6%) and Adie's tonic pupil (11; 9%). Cranial nerve palsies were most commonly due to diabetes or hypertension (16; 43.2%). Only one intracranial aneurysm was found. Symptoms included blurred vision (52; 43.7%), binocular diplopia (51; 42.8%), and eye pain (27; 22.7%). Fifty patients (42.0%) were referred by a general medical practitioner. Twenty-two (18.5%) were admitted to hospital. Forty-nine skull X-rays were requested and all were normal. Twenty-nine chest X-rays were requested. One (3.4%) showed an abnormality (carcinoma of the bronchus). Neurological patients present to ophthalmic casualty departments because of ophthalmic symptoms. Ophthalmic casualty officers are able to make working diagnoses and to direct patients appropriately. The use of investigations in the casualty department, however, is unlikely to be productive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Is there a genetic basis for Fuchs' heterochromic uveitis? Discordance in monozygotic twins.

One pair, and probably two pairs, of monozygotic twins are reported with discordance for Fuchs' heterochromic uveitis (FHU). Regular Mendelian inheritance of this disease is now proved to be impossible. The heritability of FHU is low and may be zero. The possibility of any genetic predisposition to the disease and its association with 'simple' heterochromia are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Fuchs' Heterochromic Uveitis: a reappraisal of the clinical spectrum.

The varying clinical appearance within a group of 103 patients with Fuchs' Heterochromic Uveitis (FHU) is discussed. Bilateral cases accounted for 7.8% of patients. Cataract was found in 80.2% of cases after 8.8 years mean follow-up, and glaucoma affected 26.2% of patients. The most important diagnostic criteria are the typical pattern of iris atrophy and depigmentation, the characteristic intraocular inflammation, and complicated cataract. These are described in detail. The correct diagnosis of FHU is important because it affects future management and prognosis. The presence or absence of macroscopic heterochromia is not a helpful component of the ocular examination and should play little part in diagnosis. FHU does not necessarily present in its classical form, and may first resemble acute anterior uveitis or pars planitis. The syndrome may be the end stage of a number of different conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Glaucoma in Fuchs' Heterochromic Uveitis: aetiology, management and outcome.

A study of glaucoma in a cohort of 103 patients with Fuchs' Heterochromic Uveitis (FHU) is reported. Twenty-seven patients (26.2%) had glaucoma. Half of these had glaucoma on presentation. The risk of development of glaucoma after presentation with FHU is 0.5% per year, falling substantially after 15 years follow-up. Causes of glaucoma include inflammation with peripheral anterior synechiae, rubeosis, lens-induced angle closure and recurrent spontaneous hyphaema, but most patients had chronic open angle glaucoma. Cataract surgery may precipitate glaucoma. Most patients were managed medically. The failure rate of glaucoma drainage surgery was 55.5%, and 5-Fluorouracil is to be recommended as an adjunct to surgery.

Adult↗