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Biomedical subjects

N Perrot

Publications and source records attributed to N Perrot.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Modulation of cytochrome P450 isozymes in human liver, by ethanol and drug intake.

Cytochromes P450 (P450) are a family of isozymes which play an important role in xenobiotic metabolism. The concentration of three P450 isozymes, namely P450-IIE1(A1c),-IIIA(NF) and -IIC8-10(MP) has been measured in human liver biopsies of patients with different alcohol and drug intake status. All these three P450s were expressed in all subjects. Ethanol intake increased P450-IIE1(A1c) content with no effect on the content of the two other P450s. Drug intake (barbiturates) increased both P450-IIIA(NF) and -IIC8-10(MP) content without any effect on P450-IIE1(A1c). This paper brought, at protein level, further evidence of the importance of environmental conditions on P450 isozyme pattern, and therefore, on drug metabolizing capacity of human liver.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Ultrasonographic appearances of hepatic amebic abscesses. Findings in 22 cases].

Ultrasonographic findings in 22 patients with hepatic amebic abscesses are described. All patient were febrile, complained of pain in the liver region, and had a raised ESR with polymorphonucleosis, and enhanced immunofluorescence or hemagglutination. Initial ultrasonography demonstrated a preferential site for the lesion in the right side of the liver, with three non-specific types of image. Indirect signs and the severity of the disease could be determined. Patients were followed up during specific treatment with metronidazole by means of clinical, biological, and ultrasonographic examinations, confirmation of healing depending entirely upon clinical evidence of absence of hepatic signs. Three types of healing, as shown by ultrasonography, are described: the homogeneous hypoechogenic form, known as the slow healing form, can raise ultrasonographic diagnostic difficulties. Apart from routine straight radiography of the chest and abdomen, ultrasonography was, in the majority of cases, the only radiological examination conducted, even in cases of recurrence or relapse; it enables the puncture to be controlled directly. Scintigraphy and scanning were rarely employed, except when ultrasonography was ineffective, and arteriography was reserved for certain very particular differential diagnosis problems. An algorithm, employed for facilitating diagnosis of hepatic amebic abscesses, emphasizes the primary role played by ultrasonography.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intervillous and spiral artery flows in normal pregnancies between 5 and 10 weeks of amenorrhea using color Doppler ultrasonography.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to investigate early placental circulation development and spiral and uterine artery flows in normal 1st-trimester pregnancies. METHODS: A prospective study of intervillous and spiral artery flows in 49 normal pregnancies (5-10 weeks of amenorrhea) was performed. Transvaginal color and pulsed-wave Doppler techniques (6-MHz probe) were used as routine ultrasound scanning modalities before pregnancy termination for psychosocial reasons. RESULTS: In all pregnancies, between 5 and 10 weeks, continuous nonpulsatile intervillous flow (mean V(max) 3.55 cm/s) and spiral artery flow (mean peak systolic velocity 16.2 cm/s, mean diastolic index D/S 0.49 +/- 0.089) were detected. In the 47 women in whom the uterine artery flow was measured, the mean peak systolic velocity was 67.5 cm/s, the mean diastolic index was 0.12, and bilateral notching was observed. CONCLUSIONS: In all cases, between 5 and 10 weeks, slow and continuous nonpulsatile intrachorionic flow could be detected, whereas pulsatile flow was detected in spiral arteries. The true nature of this early intervillous circulation remains to be determined.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Doppler ultrasonography and implantation: a critical review.

Active perifollicular angiogenesis in ovaries and endometrium is linked with the quality of oocytes and endometrial receptivity, and consequently with the outcome of implantation. Studies evaluating ovarian velocimetry in relation to implantation and pregnancy rates bring essentially into play velocity values or non-quantitative parameters, whose reproducibility is low and which are hardly usable in daily practice. Conversely, the assessment of uterine artery flow by Doppler examination is easy and reproducible, and high impedance at the end of the follicular phase is a good predictive indicator of poor endometrial receptivity. In early pregnancy, Doppler investigation must not be used routinely because its safety is still under discussion; however, the available data show that impedance in the uterine and spiral arteries does not show any significant difference between normal and abnormal pregnancies (missed abortions or anembryonic pregnancies), and the significance of easily detectable intervillous flow is hotly debated, raising fundamental points.

Arteries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prospective evaluation of uterine artery flow velocity waveforms at 12-14 and 22-24 weeks of gestation in relation to pregnancy outcome and birth weight.

OBJECTIVE: Uterine artery flow velocity was prospectively assessed using Doppler ultrasound at 12-14 and 22-24 weeks of gestation in the prediction of subsequent complications related to uteroplacental insufficiency: preeclampsia, pregnancy-induced hypertension, fetal growth restriction, fetal death and placental abruption, and to elucidate its relationship with birth weight. METHODS: Uterine artery Doppler assessment was obtained during routine ultrasound screening in 263 unselected women. Flow velocity waveforms were coded according to the number of notches present at each scanning, respectively: none (0, 0), uni-/bilateral notches that disappeared (1, 0) or (2, 0), uni-/bilateral notches that persisted unilaterally (1, 1) or (2, 1), and persistent bilateral notches (2, 2). RESULTS: Complete outcome data was obtained for 243 (92.4%) women. Of these women, 55 (22.6%) and 84 (34.6%) women had uni- and bilateral notches, respectively, at 12-14 weeks' gestation; 14 (5.8%) and 21 (8.6%) patients had uni- and bilateral notches, respectively, at 22-24 weeks' gestation. Analysis of complication rates for the four groups showed that they increased with notch persistence (5.7, 13.5, 57.1 and 76.2%), while the corresponding mean birth weight declined (3,273, 3,180, 2,698 and 2,418 g). CONCLUSION: The absence or early disappearance of uterine artery notches is associated with fewer complications related to uteroplacental insufficiency and normal birth weight, whereas their late and partial disappearance or bilateral persistence tends to compromise the prognosis.

Adult↗