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Biomedical subjects

N R Anderson

Publications and source records attributed to N R Anderson.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Pilot study of ambulatory infusional ifosfamide admixed with carboplatin.

BACKGROUND: Ifosfamide and carboplatin are agents that have completed Phase I studies using a continuous infusion schedule for as long as 14 days. The in vitro compatibility of the two drugs allows for the simultaneous administration in an admixture, and a pilot study was undertaken to determine the feasibility and tolerability of the infusion schedule for the combination. METHODS: Ifosfamide at 500 mg/M2/day and carboplatin at 15 or 20 mg/M2/day were administered for 14-day cycles repeated at 28 days in 29 patients, with a total of 60 courses administered. RESULTS: Total cumulative dose per cycle was: ifosfamide 7.0 g/M2 and carboplatin 210-280 mg/M2. Hematuria developed in five patients, four of whom had prior urologic disease, severe thrombocytopenia, or pelvic radiation. In all patients, the hematuria was transient and inconsequential despite the absence of mesna. Grade 3 or 4 leukopenia was observed in eight patients with or without thrombocytopenia and delayed subsequent treatment cycles. Thrombocytopenia was less frequent (Grade 3, 2 patients: Grade 4, 1 patient). No significant episodes of sepsis or hemorrhage were noted. Anemia requiring transfusion developed in 12 of 29 patients. Twenty-one of the 29 patients had received prior chemotherapy. Five of seven previously untreated patients with non-small cell lung cancer achieved a complete (1) or partial (4) response. CONCLUSIONS: A continuous 14-day infusion of ifosfamide admixed with carboplatin is feasible in an ambulatory setting with no need for adding mesna for urologic protection and full dosage administration for each agent. Phase 2 studies in non-small cell lung cancer would be reasonable at the optimal doses of ifosfamide 500 mg/M2/day and carboplatin 15 mg/M2/day, and the potential exists for the introduction of additional agents, such as etoposide.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1991

Ifosfamide extrapyramidal neurotoxicity.

Ifosfamide-associated central nervous system toxicity has been reported in 5% to 30% of patients treated with ifosfamide. Its pattern is characterized by metabolic encephalopathy with confusion, blurred vision, mutism, auditory or visual paranoid hallucinations, seizures, and rarely coma. The biochemical cause of the neurotoxicity is not understood completely, but it is thought to result from an accumulation of drug metabolites with direct central nervous system effects. A case of ifosfamide neurotoxicity is reported that had unusual extrapyramidal features in a patient treated with a 5-day course of infused ifosfamide. Although usually spontaneously reversible with cessation of drug administration, ifosfamide neurotoxicity occasionally has been associated with prolonged psychopathologic sequelae. Death from irreversible encephalopathy has also been reported rarely. The authors believe that classic extrapyramidal symptoms should be considered to be a part of the neurotoxic profile of ifosfamide.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Etoposide in combination with cytarabine, doxorubicin, and 6-thioguanine for treatment of acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia in a protocol adjusted for age.

Etoposide combined with cytarabine, doxorubicin, and 6-thioguanine was used to treat 34 patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) in an age-adjusted protocol, with patients greater than 50 years old receiving fewer days of therapy. Complete remissions (CR) occurred in 85% of all patients (29 of 34 patients). Patients less than or equal to 50 years of age achieved a 94% CR rate (17 of 18 patients) compared to a 75% CR rate (12 of 16 patients) in older patients. Duration of remission was less for those greater than 50 years of age. The remission rate for primary ANLL was 86% (19 of 22 patients) and for secondary or relapsed ANLL was 83% (ten of 12 patients). Thus, this is effective therapy for primary and secondary or relapsed ANLL. When the days of therapy are reduced for older patients' age, the remissions are fewer and less durable.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Effects of sleep deprivation on signal detection measures of vigilance: implications for sleep function.

In an attempt to tease out the extent to which the performance decline during sleep deprivation might be due to a fall in the inherent capacity (d') of a subject, the parameters of the theory of signal detection were applied to auditory vigilance data obtained five times per 24 h during 60 h of continuous wakefulness. Eight subjects were exposed to both control and deprivation conditions in a balanced design. Oral temperature and self-assessed alert-drowsy reports were taken at three hourly intervals. The value of d' exhibited a significant stepwise decline during deprivation, falling sharply within the usual sleep period and levelling out during the daytime. Both temperature and self-assessment data exhibited clear circadian rhythms overlying the declines due to deprivation. The changes in d' were seen to be consistent with a brain "restitutive" role for sleep function.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Quantitative evaluation of pharmaceutical effervescent systems I: Design of testing apparatus.

Two new devices were developed to monitor the reactivity of pharmaceutical effervescent systems. The first method monitored carbon dioxide pressure generation during the effervescent reaction in a plastic pressure vessel fitted with a pressure gauge. The second method monitored weight loss, attributed to carbon dioxide loss to the atmosphere, by means of a double cantilever beam and an electromagnetic proximity transducer. In the pressure device, the quantification of an effervescent reaction was accomplished by measuring the dissolution time of the effervescent system and the pressure generated. Quantification of an effervescent reaction using the beam device utilized the total carbon dioxide weight loss, the rate of weight loss, and the effervescent reaction lag time.

Bicarbonates↗
PubMed1982

Quantitative evaluation of pharmaceutical effervescent systems II: Stability monitoring by reactivity and porosity measurements.

The stability of selected effervescent tablet systems was monitored by means of mercury intrusion porosimetry and by a cantilever beam/proximity transducer balance. The porosity measurements proved to be useful in elucidating tablet pore structure changes over time. The measured parameter, percent pores greater than the experimental range, was a useful measure of porosity for statistical evaluations. The study showed that compression pressure and manufacturing conditions are not significant factors in the stability of an effervescent tablet system when nonhygroscopic materials are used.

Bicarbonates↗
PubMed1979

Gestational choriocarcinoma and thyrotoxicosis.

A case of a 26-year-old woman with metastatic choriocarcinoma and clinical and biochemical thyrotoxicosis is described. This represents the eighth reported case of the association of choriocarcinoma and thyrotoxicosis. Serial monitoring of serum thyroxine (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels correlated precisely with the beta sub-unit human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level and the quantitation of host tumor burden. The development of a hypermetabolic syndrome in patients with choriocarcinoma may be due to secondary thyrotoxicosis from either the TSH-like activity of hCG or from the concomitant production of molar thyrotropin by the tumor.

Adult↗