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Biomedical subjects

N Reid

Publications and source records attributed to N Reid.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

APACHE II scoring in the injured patient.

The purpose of this study was to measure the predictive power of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) with respect to mortality in a group of seriously injured patients and to compare this predictive power with that of the Trauma Score (TS) and the Injury Severity Score (ISS). Six hundred ninety-one helicopter-transported patients were studied. Individual logistic regressions demonstrated that all three scores had significant predictive power when considered individually (TS chi 2 = 136, p less than .0001; APACHE II chi 2 = 171, p less than .0001; ISS chi 2 = 109, p less than .0001). In addition, each severity score added significantly to the predictive power in a stepwise logistic regression (TS chi 2 = 15, p less than .0001; APACHE II chi 2 = 45, p less than .0001; ISS chi 2 = 15, p less than .0001). Areas under the receiver operating curves for the three scores were not significantly different (TS 0.8116, SD 0.0245; APACHE II 0.8515, SD 0.0204; ISS 0.7967; SD 0.0223). APACHE II is a good predictor of mortality, and its predictive power is complemented by TS and ISS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Rapid acute physiology scoring in transport systems.

A multi-institutional study was undertaken to define the predictive power for mortality of the Rapid Acute Physiology Score (RAPS) in a large and diverse group of transported patients. RAPS is a truncated version of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score that uses definitions and weighting consistent with APACHE II, but is modified to provide a consistent score just before transport, just after transport, and to use the most deranged (worst) physiologic values during the initial 4 h after arrival at the receiving hospital. During an 8-month period, 1,927 patients transported by six helicopter emergency medical service programs were studied. Over 97% (1,881) of the patients had RAPS obtained before and after transport to the receiving hospital and 92.6% (1,785) had APACHE II scoring completed after hospital admission. Receiver operating curves demonstrate similar predictive power for RAPS and APACHE II (both based on the most deranged physiologic values during the initial 24 h after admission). Before- and after-transport RAPS were also highly predictive of mortality. RAPS appears to be a reliable and highly predictive measure of patient severity/physiologic stability before and after transport to critical care.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Determinants of short- and long-term mobility expectations for home owners and renters.

Confusion about the role of residential satisfaction vis-à-vis structural factors in the mobility process stems from the failure to examine the determinants of mobility over varying time frames and housing tenures. Using survey data for a random sample of 580 Phoenix-area households, we test models of short-term (1 year) and long-term (5 years) mobility expectations for home owners and renters. The results show that residential satisfaction mediates the effects of structural variables on mobility expectations in the short term for home owners. In the long-term model for home owners and the short-term model for renters, the role of satisfaction as an intervening force declines in relative importance. Among renters, structural variables operate directly on long-term mobility expectations.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Occupational stress in nursing.

This article reports the results of a study of occupational stress undertaken with a large sample of Northern Ireland nurses, including qualified staff (both community and hospital based) up to and including sister/charge nurses. This study formed part of a wider interprofessional study of nurses, social workers and teachers. Publications for the latter two professions, along with interprofessional comparisons, are in preparation and this present article focuses on the nursing cohort. The design and methods are described and demographic characteristics of the nursing sample are provided with their views about nursing. Stressors are identified in both professional and private lives. The effects of stress as manifested through the General Health Questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory are examined and nurses' views on various stress-coping strategies are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

The quality of nursing care on wards working eight and twelve hour shifts: a repeated measures study using the MONITOR index of quality of care.

Interest in 12 hr nursing shifts has renewed in response to demands for improved cost effectiveness in the NHS, but the effects of this shift on patient care are unclear. A repeated measures study of 10 wards comparing quality of care, measured by MONITOR, under 8 and 12 hr shifts was conducted. The overall MONITOR scores were significantly lower under the 12 hr shift, with planning, non-physical care and evaluation of care scales showing significant decreases. The pattern of results when data were analysed by patient dependency levels reveals that whilst the quality of care overall for the four dependency categories was significantly poorer under the 12 hr shift, the lower dependency categories were less adversely affected in terms of physical and non-physical care delivered.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Travel to hospital. Accessibility of out-patient services in rural communities.

The medical and financial advantages of centralising health services contrast with the disadvantage that they are less accessible to patients, and this is specially felt in out-patient departments. In a study based on rural Northern Ireland Norma Reid and Chris Todd looked into how patients travelled to the OPD and how long it took them. It was the socially disadvantaged--the poor, the unemployed and the retired, who did not have a family car--who were most disadvantaged by the inaccessibility of the hospital and although they were quite numerous they were probably not enough to make a commercial bus service viable.

Health Services Accessibility↗
PubMed1987

Experiential sampling in the study of multiple personality disorder.

The authors describe the application of experiential sampling, a new time-sampling method, to the assessment of rapid state changes in a woman with multiple personality disorder. She was signaled at random intervals during study periods and asked to provide information on alternate personality switches, amnesia, and mood state. The alternates displayed some characteristics that were as different as those occurring between separate individuals studied previously with this method. There were notable discrepancies between the self-report study data and information reported during therapy hours. The authors conclude that the phenomenology of multiple personality disorder is frequently more complex than is suspected early in the course of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Analysis of incomplete multivariate data from repeated measurement experiments.

This paper analyses two sets of data that consist of repeated measurements with missing data. The missing observations always occur at the end of the series of repeated measurements. The score test for multivariate normal data is used to compare treatment groups; if the original data are not multivariate normal they are replaced by expected normal scores.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Personality dependence in drug dependence].

Is drug dependence more likely to establish itself in persons whose personality structure is already characterized by a psychological dependence which can be looked at from two aspects: cognitive field dependence and emotional dependence? Three groups of 21 subjects each, multiple drug users, users of cannabis and non-users, are studied with the expectation that the first group is more psychologically dependent than the second one, the latter being in turn more dependent than the group of non-users. The situation is not so simple. Hard-drug users appear to be more active than users of cannabis, whereas non-users are even more dynamic individuals. However, in such a study the duration of consumption exercise an important influence because, in this regard, different personality profiles of the two drug-using groups come into play, the users of cannabis presenting a more incoherent picture. The multiple drug addict selected from his natural environment seems to acquire, through his prolonged consumption, a greater perceptual independence and emotional maturity owing to the clandestine nature of his habit, and a more acute and articulate general way of functioning in order to avoid mishaps.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Collaboration in nursing education.

The process of development of a collaborative link between the United Midlands College for Nursing and Midwifery and Coventry Polytechnic is described. The process, which began early in 1990, has already brought benefits for the staff and students of both institutions. Evaluation of the arrangement will be ongoing, and will take into account national and regional developments in funding and organising nursing and midwifery education.

Education, Nursing↗