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Biomedical subjects

N Richman

Publications and source records attributed to N Richman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Acromion-splitting approach through an os acromiale for repair of a massive rotator cuff tear.

Os acromiale, failure of fusion of the secondary centers of ossification of the acromion process, has been noted as a contributing factor in shoulder impingement syndrome and rotator cuff tears. Treatments for symptomatic os acromiale with or without rotator cuff tears have been reported in the literature and range from excision of small fragments to fusion of larger, fragments with internal fixation and bone grafting. Generally, rotator cuff repairs have been performed when possible. We report an acromion splitting approach through an existing os acromiale to gain exposure for the repair of a massive rotator cuff tear. Subsequent to this repair, the acromion was repaired with internal fixation. Good functional use of the patient's upper extremity was obtained and the patient expressed satisfaction with the surgical outcome. The acromion splitting approach is a viable approach in patients with an os acromiale and a coexistent rotator cuff tear.

Acromion↗
PubMed1997

OTR-COTA collaboration in home health: roles and supervisory issues.

This article describes the registered occupational therapist (OTR)-certified occupational therapy assistant (COTA) team within the home health setting. It reviews regulations and guidelines for supervision, team interactions, and collaboration with other health care professionals and paraprofessionals. With the complexities of providing treatment in a client's home, the team members must combine their resources to successfully achieve desired outcomes. The article addresses various areas in which quality OTR-COTA collaboration enhances therapy effectiveness in reaching established treatment goals in a realistic and creative manner.

Accreditation↗
PubMed1994

Adolescent girls. I. Self-reported mood disturbance in a community population.

BACKGROUND: This study was undertaken to fill gaps in our knowledge of the rate of mood disorder in teenage girls in transition from school to further education, employment or unemployment. METHOD: Girls aged 15-20 years (n = 529) whose names were drawn from general practitioner age/sex registers were interviewed at home and completed the Great Ormond Street Mood Questionnaire. Their mothers completed the 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Social background variables were obtained. RESULTS: Of the girls, 20.8% scored over the cut-off point previously established to indicate risk of psychiatric disorder. Scoring over the cut-off point was not associated with age or parental social class. It was associated with parental separation/divorce (P < 0.004), with maternal self-report on the GHQ (P < 0.001), and with parental unemployment (P < 0.04). Lowest self-report scores were obtained by girls who had left school and were in employment (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: About one in five of girls aged 15-20 are at risk of affective disorder. Self-reported mood disturbance is associated with a wide range of social and familial background variables, but not with age or parental socioeconomic status.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1994

Adolescent girls. II. Background factors in anxiety and depressive states.

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the prevalence and background variables associated with anxiety and depressive disorders occurring in a community population of older teenage girls. METHOD: Girls aged 15-20 years (n = 529) whose names were drawn from general practitioner age/sex registers completed self-report Great Ormond Street Mood Questionnaires. From this sample, 143 girls (69 with high self-report scores and 74 controls) were intensively interviewed. Information was obtained on confiding/supportive relationships, family arguments and rows, quality of marital relationship, and degree of parental control. Psychiatric state was assessed by use of the Clinical Interview Schedule to provide a Total Weighted Score. A modified form of the Bedford Life Events and Difficulties Schedule was applied. RESULTS: The estimated one-year prevalence rate for psychiatric disorder was 18.9%, and 16.9% for depression and anxiety disorders. Using a logit analysis, it was shown that maternal distress (P < 0.02) and the quality of the mother's marriage (P < 0.02) were independently associated with the presence of depression and anxiety disorders. CONCLUSIONS: About 17% of girls in a community sample living at home showed a depression or anxiety disorder. Even in late adolescence, the presence of a mood disorder is closely linked to the quality of family relationships within the home.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

After the flood.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Armenia↗
PubMed1986

Screening for behaviour problems in nurseries: the reliability and validity of the Preschool Behaviour Checklist.

The development of the Preschool Behaviour Checklist, for screening emotional and behavioural problems in preschool children in group settings, is described. Inter-rater reliability and internal consistency was established, and its validity was shown using a variety of methods. These include observations of the children, interviews with staff, comparison between clinic and nonclinic populations, factor and cluster analysis and comparison with another screening questionnaire. Uses of the PBCL for training and inservice work are outlined. The limitations of screening as a method of identifying children with behaviour problems are discussed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

The prevalence of behavioural problems in three types of preschool group.

The behaviour of 637 2-4 year olds attending three types of preschool group setting was assessed, using a screening questionnaire. Significantly more children in day nurseries than nursery classes or playgroups were identified with behavioural problems. It was also found that boys, those with speech or severe health problems, and younger children in day nurseries, were more likely to have behaviour difficulties. There was only a limited overlap between behaviour difficulties at home and in the group setting. The implications of the results for the training of nursery staff and the organisation of preschool services are discussed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

Behavioural methods in the treatment of sleep disorders--a pilot study.

The efficacy of behavioural methods of treatment for severe sleep disorders was examined in a pilot study involving 35 children aged 1-5 years. Improvement occurred in 77%. Methodological issues concerning the selection of children for treatment, selecting adequate controls and outcome measures, and using parents as therapists, are discussed.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1985

A double-blind drug trial of treatment in young children with waking problems.

A double-blind trial using trimeprazine tartrate was carried out in 22 children with severe waking problems. On parental verbal reports sleep was significantly improved on the drug compared with the original baseline and the placebo, but diaries kept by the parents showed that this improvement was clinically only moderate, with many wakeful nights still occurring. Taking the drug produced no permanent effect on sleep patterns and a follow-up of 14 children 6 months later showed persisting sleep problems in the majority.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1985

Behaviour problems and language abilities at three years and behavioural deviance at eight years.

A representative sample of 535 children were followed up from their third to their eighth birthday using measures of language ability and behaviour. At age 8 yr it was found that there were significantly more boys with behavioural deviance than girls, and that children from manual social class backgrounds also showed more behavioural deviance. The only difference between the immigrant and non-immigrant children was a less frequent occurrence of neurotic deviance in the immigrant group. It was found that behaviour problems at age 3 yr were strongly related to behavioural deviance at school at age 8 yr, particularly for boys. This medium-term stability in behaviour problems had not been found in previous studies looking at younger children. A low score on a measure of language structure at age 3 yr was found to be related to a high rate of neurotic deviance at age 8 yr even when behaviour at age 3 yr was controlled. The implications of these findings for the early identification and intervention with children at risk for later behaviour deviance are discussed.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1984

Epidemiological study of psychiatric disorder in adolescent girls: preliminary communication.

A two-stage general population study of affective disorder and problems of eating control in 15-19-year-old girls is in progress, the sample being identified by the use of general practitioners' age-sex registers. So far, 244 girls and their mothers have been interviewed and have independently completed questionnaires relating to mood and appetite control. The girls completed questionnaires both on themselves and on their mothers, and their mothers on themselves and on their daughters. Significant correlations between self-rating and rating of the other person were obtained in all cases, with agreement on the daughters' mood being higher in non-manual couples.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Long-term effects of treatment in a pre-school day centre: a controlled study.

A five-year follow-up of 25 children who attended a psychiatric day centre for pre-school children is described. This group was compared at eight years of age with two matched control groups who had not received intensive treatment. There were few differences between the treated and untreated groups. Possible reasons for the findings are discussed and some methodological issues involved in carrying out evaluation studies are raised.

Attitude↗