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Biomedical subjects

N Saini

Publications and source records attributed to N Saini.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma. Electron microscopic and immunologic studies.

We present a case of pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma (PHG). On light microscopy, the pulmonary nodular lesions consisted of extracellular, eosinophilic hyaline lamellae. Histochemical stains of the hyaline lamellae for amyloid were focally positive and the diagnosis of amyloidosis was seriously considered; however, on electron microscopic examination, the hyaline lamellae consisted of electrondense, compact, amorphous material quite unlike fibrillar amyloid. Although circulating immune complexes containing IgA were detected in our patient, immunoperoxidase stains did not reveal immunoglobulins in the hyaline lamellae. This case illustrates the value of electron microscopy in differentiating PHG from amyloidosis and supports the hypothesis that PHG represents an exaggerated immune response.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1982

Cerebral mucormycosis (Phycomycosis) in a heroin addict.

Cerebral mucormycosis was found at autopsy in a 27-year-old male narcotic addict with rapidly progressive focal neurologic signs. There was no evidence of rhinocerebral involvement of systemic illness, and a nuclide brain scan suggested brain abscess.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The course of alcoholic-nutritional peripheral neuropathy.

63 patients with alcoholic-nutritional peripheral neuropathy were given neurologic, electrophysiologic and nutritional examinations. 24 of these patients were reexamined later in the course of their disease, after from 2 to 72 months (mean 33). Alcoholic-nutritional neuropathy appeared and worsened after bouts of heavy alcohol intake and malnutrition. Initially it was sensory and symmetric in character, with prominent involvement of the posterior tibial nerves. With repeated attacks it became more proximal, more motor, and associated with more severe slowing of nerve conduction velocity. 11 of the patients were able to stop drinking alcohol. Initial subjective improvement was seen within the first week or two, but substantial improvement was not seen for 5 to 6 months. Most leg motor nerve velocity improved at a mean rate of increase of 0.12 M/sec per abstinent month. Large motor units and slowed nerve conduction persisted in "cured" patients. The largest motor units detected in the legs grew, despite alcohol intake.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Brain aldehyde dehydrogenase in human alcoholics and controls.

Human postmortem brain samples from temporal lobe of 23 alcoholics and 19 controls (13 with cancer and six without cancer) were used for determination of low Km (micromolar) and high Km (millimolar) aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. Despite histories of severe alcoholism leading to death through multiple complications, the mean values for either low or high Km activity did not differ significantly from that of controls similarly studied.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Periodic alternating ping-pong gaze.

A patient had periodic alternating Ping-Pong gaze and massive bilateral ischemic cerebral infarction proved at autopsy. In previous cases, bilateral hemisphere involvement appears to have been common in most cases. Eye movements in Ping-Pong gaze are similar to the slow-eye movements seen in sleep, anesthesia, and other obtunded states, a result of disinhibition of inherent rhythms in the oculovestibular system. They are like release phenomena and appear whenever fixational ability is lost or suspended, and during full consciousness they are inhibited by supranuclear cortical mechanisms. Ping-Pong gaze represents a distinct third variety of periodic alternating gaze disturbance, and the differential diagnostic features between it and periodic alternating gaze deviation and periodic alternating nystagmus are discussed.

Brain↗
PubMed1980

The carcinomatous neuromyopathy of oat cell lung cancer.

A prospective controlled clinical-neurophysiological-pathological study of 71 patients with oat cell carcinoma of the lung revealed no increased incidence of peripheral neuropathy at the initial stages of illness. All patients developed neuropathy by the time they had lost 15% of their body weight, but the neuropathy was less severe than in 20 age-matched alcoholic patients with an equal degree of weight loss. The weight loss and peripheral neuropathy progressed with atrophy of type II (adenosine triphosphatase-positive) muscle fibers out of proportion to the patient's loss of body weight. By 40% body weight loss, all the patients had moderate symmetrical peripheral neuropathy, 6 had proximal brachial or lumbosacral plexus metastases, and 9 had distal pressure palsies. Mononeuritis multiplex developed in only 1 patient, who had diabetes mellitus. Two patients developed Eaton-Lambert syndrome, which resolved in 1 when chemotherapy controlled the systemic tumor, with no protein in the tumor postmortem which could produce the characteristic electromyographic findings of the syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Induction of congenital hydrocephalus with mumps virus in rhesus monkeys.

Rhesus monkey fetuses were inoculated intracerebrally with wild-type mumps virus near the beginning of the last third of the gestation period. Within three days after inoculation, mumps virus was isolated from many fetal tissues. Thirteen animals receiving virus were delivered at term. Five of these showed slight to severe hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus was most prominent in the posterior horns of the lateral ventricles, but other lesions occurred at various levels of the ventricular system. Virus was isolated from three animals at one day of age (two months after inoculation). However, mumps virus was not recovered from one-month-old monkeys. The recovery of mumps virus from newborn rhesus monkeys two months after inoculation suggests that attempts should be made to document similar persistence of the virus in humans. Furthermore, this model indicates that mumps virus infection in humans may result in hydrocephalus.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1977

Isolated trigeminal neuropathy. An unusual complication of carcinoma of the lung.

The occurrence of isolated metastasis to the trigeminal nerve or ganglion form a distant, solid tumor is rare. This communication describes a patient with carcinoma of the lung; an isolated trigeminal neuropathy developed and at autopsy proved to be secondary to metastasis to the trigeminal ganglion. The appearance of a trigeminal neuropathy in a patient with an active solid tumor elsewhere in the body is most likely due to metastasis.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMed1977

Pericarditis mimicking tricuspid valvular disease.

A patient with rheumatoid disease initially had the physical findings of isolated tricuspid stenosis. Postmortem examination demonstrated adhesive pericarditis with localized hemopericardium which compressed the atrioventricular groove in the area of the tricuspid valve. Historical, physical, electrocardiographic, and cardiac catheterization features which suggested the diagnosis are discussed.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Does B.C.G. vaccination prevent or postpone the occurrence of tuberculous meningitis?

The reported efficiency of B.C.G. vaccine in prevention of primary childhood or sputum positive adult tuberculosis vary widely but it is believed to offer significant protection against hematogenous forms of tuberculosis. The present hospital-based, case control study was aimed at evaluation of impact of B.C.G. vaccination on one of the hematogenous forms of tuberculosis i.e. Tuberculous meningitis (TBM). Records of cases of TBM admitted in the pediatric wards of Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi, over one year were analyzed retrospectively for B.C.G. positivity status and age distribution. The results were compared with similar data obtained from a control group comprising of non-TBM cases in pediatric wards of same hospital, recruited on 2 days, separated by an interval of three weeks. No statistically significant difference was found in B.C.G. positivity status of cases and control groups. However, there was an obvious trend in age distribution among cases of TBM with respect to the B.C.G. status, with a significantly higher proportion of B.C.G. vaccinated children in over 5-year age group, as compared to those in under 5 year age group. The results, therefore, indicate probable effectiveness of B.C.G. against TBM only for a limited duration i.e. single B.C.G. immunization only postpones rather than prevent the occurrence of TBM.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Human brain: aldehyde dehydrogenase activity and isozyme distribution in different areas.

Three human post-mortem brains were dissected into seventeen areas and assayed for aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3) activity employing two assay systems: one at 68 microM and another at 13.6 mM propionaldehyde. The levels of activity with 68 microM propionaldehyde were significantly higher in cerebellum and putamen. The same brain areas were also examined by isoelectric focusing. By this procedure two distinct bands of aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (the cytoplasmic E1 and mitochondrial E2) could be readily visualized in cerebellum and putamen while other brain areas contained mainly the mitochondrial E2 isozyme.

Aged↗