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Biomedical subjects

N Sethi

Publications and source records attributed to N Sethi.

59 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
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Effects of the neurotoxin 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile on acoustic startle and locomotor activity in rats: a comparison of functional observational and automated startle assessment methods.

Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) is a neurotoxin that has been used in the validation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Functional Observational Battery (FOB), including acoustic startle. We compared the FOB clicker startle method to an automated procedure. IDPN was administered IP to male Long-Evans rats in three daily doses of 0, 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg (N = 8 per group). There was a significant effect of IDPN on clicker startle that was attributable to reduced startle in the IDPN-400 group. There were multiple significant effects of IDPN on automated startle. The overall effect of IDPN on automated startle was to reduce startle amplitude in the IDPN-400 and -200 groups. In addition, the IDPN-400 group showed startle reductions on all days, whereas the IDPN-200 group showed reduced startle primarily on day 1. IDPN also significantly altered locomotor activity, which was included as an internal check on IDPN's efficacy. The typical pattern of hypolocomotion was found on day 2 posttreatment in the IDPN-400 and -200 groups, followed by hyperlocomotion on all subsequent days in the IDPN-400 group. The startle results demonstrated that automated startle is more sensitive (at least for IDPN treatment), eliminates observer judgments, and provides interval-scaled data compared to the clicker method. However, automated startle also requires additional initial cost and more testing time per animal when multiple trials are presented.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disorders of the long head of the biceps tendon.

Without a clear understanding of the functional role of the biceps tendon, treatment recommendations have been a subject of controversy. An objective review of the available information would suggest that some humeral head stability may be imparted through the tendon. However, the magnitude of this function is likely to be small and possibly insignificant. In contrast, the symptomatic significance of the long head of the biceps is less controversial, and it has become increasingly recognized as an important source of persistent shoulder pain when not specifically addressed. When present, persistent pain from the long head of the biceps is likely to have more negative functional consequences than loss of the tendon itself. Given these concerns, evaluation and treatment of patients with long head of the biceps disorders should be individualized, based on the likelihood that biceps-related pain will resolve. Although not universally accepted, we recommend tenodesis of the long head of the biceps in those cases in which there are either chronic inflammatory or structural changes, which would make it unlikely that the pain would resolve. These clinical situations in which tenodesis would be required include greater than 25% partial thickness tearing of the tendon, chronic atrophic changes of the tendon, any luxation of the biceps tendon from the bicipital groove, any disruption of associated bony or ligamentous anatomy of the bicipital groove that would make autotenodesis likely (i.e., 4-part fracture), and any significant reduction or atrophy of the size of the tendon that is more than 25% of the normal tendon width. Relative indications for biceps tenodesis also include biceps disease in the context of a failed decompression for rotator cuff tendinitis. It should be emphasized that routine tenodesis is not recommended during operative treatment for the rotator cuff. Rather, we avoid tenodesis whenever it is believed that inflammatory changes to the biceps tendon are reversible. Because of this, tenodesis is not required in most cases.

Elbow Joint↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Teratological evaluation of an injectable male antifertility agent, styrene maleic anhydride, in rats.

Polymer styrene Maleic anhydride (SMA) dissolved in dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) was injected into the lumen in each vas deferens of male rats at dose levels of 0.25 mg, 0.50 mg, 1.0 mg, 2.5 mg, and 5.0 mg, while control rats (groups 1) received 0.03 mL DMSO in each vas deferens. After 4 weeks, the lumen was flushed with 0.1 mL DMSO and the animals were left for another 6 weeks to regain fertility. These rats were mated with virgin and coeval females. No anomaly was observed which could be related to teratogenic action of the polymer in pregnant mothers or fetuses.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗