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Biomedical subjects

N Shindoh

Publications and source records attributed to N Shindoh.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Hypotonic duodenograms of postbulbar duodenal lesions: pictorial essay.

General features are described and examples are provided of the radiological manifestations of postbulbar duodenal lesions, particularly the findings on hypotonic duodenograms. Hypotonic duodenography does not always reveal the characteristic findings of postbulbar duodenal lesions, but it helps to evaluate luminal stenosis and diagnose disease entities even in lesions that show non-specific findings. Radiologists should be familiar with the radiological findings of postbulbar duodenal lesions and know which kinds of lesions can affect the postbulbar duodenum. This is important in making a differential diagnosis and in preventing delays in diagnosis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2000

Overlooked gastric carcinoma: pitfalls in upper gastrointestinal radiology.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the reasons for misdiagnosis of gastric carcinoma at upper gastrointestinal radiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Upper gastrointestinal radiographs obtained within 3 years prior to diagnosis of gastric carcinoma in 336 patients were selected. Two radiologists who were initially blinded and then unblinded to the diagnosis reviewed the radiographs. Decisions were made by means of consensus. The reason for misdiagnosis was classified as perceptual error when the lesion was identified correctly at the blinded review, as possible perceptual error when the lesion was identified only at the unblinded review, and as technical error when the lesion could not be identified at either review and technical deficiencies were thought to be the cause. RESULTS: Twenty-four patients underwent upper gastrointestinal radiography within 3 years prior to diagnosis of 27 carcinomas. The reason for misdiagnosis was classified as perceptual error in 11, as possible perceptual error in four, and as technical error in five lesions. In the remaining seven lesions, the lesion could not be identified at either review, and technical deficiencies were not thought to be the cause. The most common overlooked finding was depression (10 of 15), and the most common presumed technical error was incomplete compression study (seven of 11). CONCLUSION: Careful attention should be paid to detect limited barium pooling during double-contrast studies to avoid overlooking depressions.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Tuberculosis peritonitis: gallium-67 scintigraphic appearance.

Tuberculosis peritonitis is a rare manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The results of gallium-67 scintigraphy of three patients with tuberculosis peritonitis were reviewed to assess its usefulness in the diagnosis of this condition. Tuberculosis peritonitis was associated with diffuse or focal abdominal localization and decreased hepatic accumulation of gallium-67. These gallium-67 scan features of tuberculosis peritonitis may help to optimize the diagnosis and management of this disease.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1999

Gallium-67 uptake in Bellini duct carcinoma of the kidney.

Bellini duct carcinoma is a rare variant of renal cell carcinoma and usually has a poor prognosis. In this article, we report the Gallium-67 citrate (Ga-67) uptake in Bellini duct carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the second reported case of Bellini duct carcinoma in which Ga-67 uptake was positive. We suggest that Ga-67 scintigraphy has potential utility in detecting Bellini duct carcinoma of the kidney. And if a hypovascular tumor of the kidney shows Ga-67 uptake, Bellini duct carcinoma should be included in the differential diagnosis.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1998

Usefulness of thallium-201 SPECT imaging for the evaluation of local recurrence of colorectal cancer.

PURPOSE: To clarify the accumulation of thallium-201 in recurrent tumors in patients who had undergone resection of colorectal cancer and to evaluate the usefulness of thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images for distinguishing recurrent tumors from postoperative changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thallium-201 SPECT images and CT images of 22 consecutive patients suspected to have local recurrence of colorectal cancer based on clinical symptoms and signs were reviewed. CT was performed on all patients. RESULTS: In nine of the 11 patients who had local recurrence, SPECT images showed positive thallium uptake, but in 10 of the 11 patients confirmed to have no recurrence, SPECT images showed negative thallium uptake. Sensitivity was 81.8% (9/11) specificity was 90.9% (10/11), and accuracy was 86.4% (19/22). There were five patients in whom CT results were inconclusive. All of them had rectal cancer and had undergone Miles' operation, and all were correctly diagnosed by thallium-201 SPECT. CONCLUSION: Thallium-201 exhibited intense uptake in recurrent colorectal cancer. Thallium-201 SPECT is considered to be a useful diagnostic tool for the detection of recurrence of colorectal cancer, particularly in patients with inconclusive CT results.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Use of percutaneous cardiopulmonary support system with rotary blood pump in graft replacement of the descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aorta.

Graft replacement of the descending thoracic or thoracoabdominal aorta was successfully performed in 3 patients using percutaneous cardiopulmonary bypass. Femoral inflow and outflow cannulas were inserted percutaneously after induction of anesthesia with the patient in supine position, and low flow normothermic bypass was established before thoracotomy. Next the patient was placed in a right lateral position to create an operating field. With this body position and even an almost prone position, which was sometimes necessary for easy dissection of adhesion of lung to the aneurysmal wall, the bypass flow was easily maintained adequately. The bypass circuit was coated with heparin, and the activated clotting time (ACT) was controlled to be between 150 and 200 s during the entire operating period. Percutaneous insertion of the cannulas avoided local bleeding in the groin, and the low ACT made control of hemorrhage in the operating field easy. For descending aortic surgery, heparin-coated percutaneous cardiopulmonary bypass proved to be a useful adjunctive measure.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Cloning of a human homolog of the Drosophila minibrain/rat Dyrk gene from "the Down syndrome critical region" of chromosome 21.

To isolate genes responsible for some features of Down syndrome, we performed exon trapping experiments using a series of cosmid clones derived from "the Down syndrome critical region" of chromosome 21 and isolated six exons which are highly homologous to the sequence of Drosophila minibrain (mnb) gene. The Drosophila mnb gene encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase that is required in distinct neuroblast proliferation centers during postembryonic neurogenesis. Using one of these six exons as a probe, we isolated cDNA clones for human homolog of Drosophila mnb gene (MNB) from a fetal brain cDNA library. Human MNB cDNA encodes a protein of 754 amino acids with a nuclear targeting sequence and a catalytic domain common to the serine/threonine-specific protein kinase. The human MNB protein strikingly resembles the recently discovered rat Dyrk protein kinase with a dual specificity. The MNB mRNA is expressed in various tissues including fetal and adult brains. The remarkable similarity of human MNB protein to Drosophila mnb and rat Dyrk proteins implies that human MNB protein may play a significant role in a signaling pathway regulating nuclear functions of neuronal cell proliferation, contributing to certain features of Down syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

The mammalian single-minded (SIM) gene: mouse cDNA structure and diencephalic expression indicate a candidate gene for Down syndrome.

We have recently isolated a human homolog (hSIM) of the Drosophila single-minded (sim) gene from the Down syndrome critical region of chromosome 21 using the exon trapping method. The Drosophila sim gene encodes a transcription factor that regulates the development of the central nervous system midline cell lineage. To elucidate the structure of the mammalian SIM protein, we have isolated cDNA clones from a mouse embryo cDNA library. The cDNA clones encode a polypeptide of 657 amino acids with a bHLH (basic-helix-loop-helix) domain, characteristic of a large family of transcription factors, and a PAS (Per-Arnt-Sim) domain in the amino-terminal half region. Both of these domains have striking sequence homology with human SIM and Drosophila SIM proteins. In contrast, the carboxy-terminal half of the mouse SIM protein consists of a proline-rich region with no sequence homology to the Drosophila SIM protein. A similar proline-rich domain is known for the activator domain of a number of transcription factors. Whole-mount embryo in situ hybridization experiments revealed that the SIM mRNA is expressed prominently in the diencephalon of mouse embryos at 8-9.5 days postcoitum. The structural characteristics of the mouse SIM protein and its expression in the diencephalon during embryogenesis strongly suggest that the newly isolated mammalian SIM homolog may play a critical role in the development of the mammalian central nervous system. We propose that the human SIM gene may be one of the pathogenic genes of Down syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[CT findings of the small polypoid lesions of the gallbladder (2cm or less PLG): differentiation between benign and malignant disease on unenhanced CT].

Recently, the detection of polypoid lesions of the gallbladder (PLG), by using ultrasonography has been increased. Nevertheless, it is difficult to distinguish between benign PLG and malignant PLG. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficacy of CT examination for differential diagnosis between benign and malignant PLG. Twenty-nine patients with PLG diagnosed by preoperative CT were retrospectively reviewed. Out of these patients, 20 patients had benign PLG and nine patients had malignant PLG. As a result, all PLG were well enhanced by contrast media. On unenhanced CT, malignant PLG appeared to be high density except one case. On the other hand, benign PLG were isodense except one case. Relatively larger amount of epithelial component of the malignant PLG contributes to high density on unenhanced CT. In contrast, benign PLG had larger amount of connective tissue, showing about the same density as bile on unenhanced CT. In conclusion, unenhanced CT examination is effective to differentiate benign PLG from malignant PLG.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Paratesticular aggressive fibromatosis: CT findings.

Aggressive fibromatoses commonly originate from the musculoskeletal system, mesentery, and retroperitoneum. We report a case of aggressive fibromatosis arising from the spermatic cord. On helical computed tomography, the lesion appeared as a solid mass with well-defined borders in the scrotum and with infiltrative features in the retroperitoneum.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stabilization of a percutaneously implanted port catheter system for hepatic artery chemotherapy infusion.

A port catheter system for hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy was implanted percutaneously via the left subclavian artery in 41 patients for treatment of unresectable liver metastases. The catheter tip was inserted into the gastroduodenal artery (GDA), the end hole was occluded with a guidewire fragment, and a side-hole for infusion was positioned at the bifurcation of the proper hepatic artery and the GDA. The GDA was embolized with steel coils around the infusion catheter tip via a transfemoral catheter. This procedure is designed to reduce the incidence of hepatic artery occlusion and infusion catheter dislocation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Emphysematous pyelonephritis- conversion of type i to type II appearance on serial CT studies.

Recently, emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) has been classified into two subtypes based on CT findings. We recently experienced a patient whose CT image changed from type I (extensive destruction of the renal parenchyma with a large amount of air density without any fluid collection) to type II (containing a large amount of fluid) during the course of conservative treatment. We believe that some patients with type I EPN can change to type II EPN.

Disease Progression↗