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Biomedical subjects

N T Khokhrina

Publications and source records attributed to N T Khokhrina.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Morphometric analysis of the changes in the cerebral cortex of rats after long-term administration of alcohol].

To have objective quantitative characterization of the structural features of alcoholic encephalopathy after abstinence, a morphometric analysis was made of the changes in nerve and glial cells of the sensorimotor brain cortex of rats 7 days after the discontinuation of long alcoholization of the animals. A significant decrease of the density and size of neurons in layers III and V, a rise in both layers of the number of neurons with severe pathology, a reduction of the amount of the general and perineuronal glia were revealed. The data obtained suggest marked atrophic processes that occur in the brain cortex of long alcoholized rats. Besides, they also allow regarding those processes as morphological reflection of lowered function of the brain cortex.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1990

[Changes in the aminopeptidase activity in the brain neurons of rats subjected long-term to alcoholic intoxication].

A histochemical investigation was made of aminopeptidase activities using L-leucine-beta-naphthylamide and D, L-alanine-beta-naphthylamine as respective substrates in the rat's sensomotor cortex neurons during the period of ethanol withdrawal after a prolonged alcohol intoxication. Alcohol intoxication of the rat continued for 8 months. Different dynamics of aminopeptidase activities was shown depending on the substrate used during ethanol withdrawal. The results are discussed from the point of view of the existence of multiple forms of aminopeptidase in the brain and of their involvement in protein metabolism in pathological states.

Alanine↗
PubMed1990

[Changes in protein metabolism in brain neurons during the withdrawal syndrome in chronically alcoholized rats (histo-autoradiographic and interferometric research)].

The incorporation of 3H-leucine into the neuronal proteins and cytochemistry of nuclear and cytoplasmic protein levels in pyramidal neurons in layer III, V of the sensomotor cortex and hippocampus of the brain were studied in rats which were exposed to chronic ethanol consumption at different stages of "the abolish syndrome". There were significant heterogeneous changes of the neuronal protein metabolism at all studied structures in the experimental group as compared to control group. It was shown that after abolishment of ethanol consumption the neuronal protein synthesis decreased and content of protein increased in the nucleus and cytoplasm of neurons. After 12 h there was elevated synthetic activity of protein system and tendency to reduction of content of protein in the nucleus. After 24 h reduction of synthetic activity and tendency to normalization of the content of the neuronal protein were found. The functional importance of the results obtained is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Pathogenetic role of the abstinence syndrome in the development of alcoholic encephalopathy (morpho-immunological research)].

In 219 male rats receiving for 8 months 10% ethanol solution instead of water either constantly or with multiple periods of discontinuation, the authors studied the morphological and immunological parameters in the period of the development of alcoholic encephalopathy and abstinence syndrome. Examination of the rat brain revealed chronic hemodynamic disorders and dystrophic-destructive changes in parenchymatous elements with superimposition of acute changes in the early stage of abstinence. Acute changes in the brain were attended by considerable disturbance of protein metabolism in neurons expressed in an altered rate of 3H-leucin inclusion. The development of acute morphological alterations in the brain tissue during abstinence was accompanied by the appearance of anticerebral antibodies in the blood of the animals. The obtained results represent new quantitative data on metabolic disorders of neuronal proteins and new immunologic data related to experimental alcoholic encephalopathy at different stages of abstinence. This evidence contributes to the understanding of the pathogenetic role of abstinence in the development of alcoholic encephalopathy.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1986

[Concentration of protein substances in neurons of different areas of the cerebral cortex in alcoholic delirium].

The brain was studied in 11 cases of delirium tremens. Cytochemistry of nuclear and cytoplasmic protein levels in the neurons of the frontal and parietal cortex and the hippocampus was analysed. The findings were compared with the results of examinations in the control group (cases of sudden death of mentally healthy people). Examination of the brain from patients with delirium tremens revealed heterogeneous changes: a statistically significant reduction of protein levels in the neuronal cytoplasm in the frontal and parietal cortex and a negligible elevation of protein levels in the cytoplasm of the hippocampal pyramidal neurons. A considerable increase in protein levels was found in the nuclei of the hippocampus whereas cytochemical alterations in neuronal nuclei in the frontal and parietal cortex were less pronounced. The functional importance of the results obtained is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Changes in the content of dense substances in the cerebral cortical neurons in alcoholic delirium].

An autopsy of ten patients with alcoholic delirium involved histochemical examination of the cerebral cortex neurons including quantitative determination of solid substances (proteins) and the study of the intensity of the reaction of RNA in the nucleus and cytoplasm. The content of solid substances was determined with the help of the interference microscope BINAM L-211. To perform visual evaluation of RNA levels, the sections of the cerebral tissue were stained by Einarson's method. The data obtained were compared with the results of the study of the control group (cases of sudden death in mentally normal subjects). Alcoholic delirium was associated with a statistically significant reduction in the content of solid substances (proteins) in the neuronal cytoplasm; a diminished intensity of response to RNA was also noted. Neuronal nuclei showed similar but less marked changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Pathomorphologic changes in the brain in alcoholic delirium].

Pathomorphologic examination of the brain in alcoholic delirium was carried out. Comparison was made between the changes in the brain of patients who died at the height of delirium and those of patients who died suddenly in the postdelirium state. The pathomorphologic picture of the brain in alcoholic delirium may be defined as chronic toxico-dyscirculatory encephalopathy aggravated by acute toxic and dyshemic changes. The latter were largely attributed to the delirium state per se. The characteristic features of the cases studied included considerable depletion of the cortical cells, chronic dystrophic changes in the neurons and gliocytes, and also chronic impairments of vascular wall permeability aggravated by marked acute pathologic phenomena in the microcirculatory vessels.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Morphologic changes in the brain after sustaining asphyxia during labor (pathogenesis of mental retardation)].

An analysis was accomplished of pathomorphological changes in the brains of 10 newborns, who died of intranatal asphyxia and of 1 adult brain with mental retardation, due to asphyxia during delivery. The dynamics of hypoxic changes of an irreversible character in the brain of the newborn and the existence of chronic hypoxic encephalopathy with pronounced cellular devastation in the late period of asphyxia indicate common genesis of the pathological process in the brain, conditioning its progression. The role of intranatal asphyxia in the pathogenesis of changes in postnatal development of neuropsychic activity is discussed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

[Pathologic anatomy of the neurolipidoses].

The authors give a description of 2 cases (sibs) with neurolipidosis of the group of amaurotic idiocy. There was an atypicity of the clinical and pathomophological picture: prolonged development of the disease (24 and 29 years, with an onset at 3-4 years), the absence of ocular changes, a massive lesion of the cortex in relative preservation of the subcortical areas, brain stem and cerebellum. The perspectiveness of a comprehensive clinico-morphological study is discussed in the interpretation of the genesis of different forms of neurolipidosis.

Adolescent↗