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Biomedical subjects

N Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to N Ueda.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The spread and prognosis of carcinoma in the region of the pancreatic head.

Tumor infiltration and prognosis were studied in 73 patients who underwent surgery for carcinoma in the region of the pancreatic head, in order to evaluate the grade of malignancy of pancreatic cancer. Twenty three patients had carcinoma of the head of the pancreas, 16 had carcinoma of the intrapancreatic bile duct and 34 had carcinoma of the papilla of Vater. It was found that the prognosis in carcinoma of the head of the pancreas was not related to tumor size, but to lymph node metastasis and the pancreatic capsular or perineural invasion of the tumor. The poorer prognosis seen in carcinoma of the head of the pancreas could be attributed to the fact that lymph node metastasis and invasion of the pancreatic capsule or nerve plexus occurred much more frequently in this carcinoma than in carcinoma of the other two areas. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with carcinoma of the head of the pancreas was 12.5 per cent, this being significantly lower than that of the patients with either carcinoma of the papilla of Vater (50.0 per cent) or carcinoma of the intrapancreatic bile duct (44.4 per cent). These findings suggest that lymph node metastasis and pancreatic capsular or perineural invasion closely correlate with the prognosis of patients with pancreatic carcinoma.

Ampulla of Vater↗
PubMed1989

Mechanism of action of angiotensin II on isolated rat glomeruli.

Angiotensin II (Ang II) regulates glomerular filtration rate by contracting mesangial cells and thereby decreasing glomerular filtration surface area. To elucidate the cellular mechanism of this action, we investigated the roles of Ca and protein kinase C (PKC) activation in Ang II-induced glomerular capillary vasoconstriction using 3H-inulin to measure the extracellular (largely intracapillary) volume of isolated decapsulated rat glomeruli. Ang II (1 microM) rapidly decreased the glomerular inulin space (GIS), bringing about a maximal decrease at five minutes, which lasted up to 30 minutes. When incubated in 0.5 mM EGTA-containing Ca-free medium or in the presence of 1 microM diltiazem or verapamil, the sustained phase (after 7 min) was completely inhibited. The initial effect (at 3 and 5 min) was only partially inhibited by these maneuvers but was completely inhibited by trifluoperazine or W-7, which indicated that it was dependent on calmodulin and, accordingly, on Ca probably released from the intracellular store. The sustained effect was mimicked by 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in the presence of extracellular Ca, but was not in its absence. The sustained effect was also inhibited by H-7, an inhibitor of PKC, and by W-7, which indicated that PKC activation and influx of extracellular Ca are both important. Combined treatment with A23187 and TPA could mimic both the initial and sustained effect of Ang II in the presence of extracellular Ca, though either one of them failed to do so when used alone. These results suggest that the initial effect of Ang II on GIS is mediated by Ca released from the intracellular store, on the one hand, and the sustained effect by extracellular Ca influx and PKC activation, on the other.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1989

Manual evaluation of residual curarization using double burst stimulation: a comparison with train-of-four.

Double burst stimulation (DBS) is a new mode of stimulation developed to reveal residual neuromuscular blockade under clinical conditions. The stimulus consists of two short bursts of 50 Hz tetanic stimulation, separated by 750 ms, and the response to the stimulation is two short muscle contractions. Fade in the response results from neuromuscular blockade as with train-of-four stimulation (TOF). The authors compared the sensitivity of DBS and TOF in the detection of residual neuromuscular blockade during clinical anaesthesia. Fifty-two healthy patients undergoing surgery were studied. For both stimulation patterns the frequencies of manually detectable fade in the response to stimulation were determined and compared at various electromechanically measured TOF ratios. A total of 369 fade evaluations for DBS and TOF were performed. Fade frequencies were statistically significantly higher with DBS than with TOF, regardless of the TOF ratio level. Absence of fade with TOF implied a 48% chance of considerable residual relaxation as compared with 9% when fade was absent with DBS. The results demonstrate that DBS is more sensitive than TOF in the manual detection of residual neuromuscular blockade.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1989

Immunohistochemical study of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase in porcine tissues.

12-Lipoxygenase oxygenates the 12 position of arachidonic acid and produces its 12-hydroperoxy derivative. The enzyme is found in greatest amounts in porcine leukocytes and is distributed widely in various other tissues. An anti-12-lipoxygenase antibody was raised in rabbits with the immunoaffinity-purified enzyme as an antigen and was used in immunohisto- and cytochemical studies on the enzyme, the physiological significance of which remains to be clarified. When peripheral blood cells were examined by immunoelectron microscopy, the enzyme was found in neutrophils and monocytes but was not detected in lymphocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes. In immunostained neutrophils and monocytes the enzyme was localized in the cytosol but was not clearly detected in the plasma membrane, nuclear membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, and other organelles. Several other organs known to contain considerable amounts of 12-lipoxygenase were also investigated immunohistochemically, i.e., alimentary tract (ileum and jejunum), lymphatic organs (spleen, lymph node, and thymus), ovary, lung, liver, and others. In these organs, resident mast cells and granulocytes infiltrating the interstitial tissues were positively immunostained. The enzyme was not detected in parenchymal cells of these organs under our experimental conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study of large doses of vecuronium; duration of initial and additional doses].

Neuromuscular blockade by large doses of vecuronium was investigated clinically and the duration of action of initial doses (0.2 mg.kg-1 and 0.3 mg.kg-1) and additional doses (0.01 mg.kg-1 and 0.02 mg.kg-1) were measured under enflurane-nitrous oxide anesthesia using a neuromuscular transmission monitoring system (Accelograph). In group A (initial dose = 0.2 mg.kg-1, additional dose = 0.02 mg.kg-1), the time of spontaneous recovery to 25% of control twitch height (T25) and 50% of control (T50) were 63.1 and 82.0 minutes respectively. The T50 interval of the two adjacent added doses (given at the time point of 50% recovery from the previous dose) was 31.1 minutes. Reversal time from TOF ratio = 25% to 75% after administration of edrophonium was 6.1 minutes. In group B (initial = 0.3 mg.kg-1, add. = 0.01 mg.kg-1), T25, T50, T50 interval and reversal time were 122.6, 159.4, 39.2 and 4.6 minutes respectively. In group C (initial = 0.3 mg.kg-1, add. = 0.02 mg.kg-1), above values were 119.2, 145.8, 48.4 and 6.7 minutes respectively. In this study there was no obvious side effect associated with administration of large doses of vecuronium. These methods will be very useful for long surgical procedures.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[Six cases of HTLV-I associated bronchiolo-alveolar disorder (HABA)].

A new clinicopathological state related to HTLV-I infection was found in patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) and idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP). This specific state with chronic and progressive respiratory symptoms caused by bronchiolar or alveolar disorder was characterized by smoldering adult T-cell leukemia or the HTLV-I carrier state known as HTLV-I associated bronchiolo-alveolar disorder (HABA). The clinical features of 5 cases with the bronchiolar type of HABA and one case with alveolar type of HABA were described and were compatible with the criteria of DPB and IIP, respectively. Long-term subclinical infection of HTLV-I was suspected to play an important role in the pathogenesis of HABA. Furthermore, the investigation of HABA might yield a clue to the unknown etiology of DPB and IIP.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[CEA and CA19-9 in BALF from patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia].

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in 21 patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) and 7 healthy volunteers. The concentrations of both CEA and CA19-9 in the BALF were significantly higher in patients with IIP than those in healthy subjects. Significant correlations were present between the concentration of CEA and neutrophil percentage of the total BALF cells and between the concentration of CA19-9 and neutrophil percentage of the total BALF cells in the patients with IIP. Immunohistochemical study of tissue CEA and CA19-9 in the postmortem lungs of patients with IIP showed that CEA staining was present in the epithelia of respiratory bronchioles and alveoli, and it was especially increased in the region of alveoli where type II pneumocytes proliferate. CA19-9 staining was present in the epithelia of the respiratory bronchioles but absent in the epithelia of alveoli. It seems that assay of CEA in BALF may be useful to estimate the degree of pathological change and the activity of IIP.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case report of reflex sympathetic dystrophy treated with nifedipine].

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) refers to a symptom complex observed after nerve injury and consists primarily of severe burning pain associated with sensory, vasomotor and trophic phenomena. A 54-year-old male had undergone nephrectomy. At surgery left XIth intercostal nerve had been injured by cautery. After a few weeks following surgery, the patient developed progressive deep burning pain, stabbing sensation and dysesthesia in the left abdominal region. Analgesics and narcotics were ineffective. We diagnosed his case as RSD. He received nifedipine 10mg sublingually. Pain relief was obtained within 10min and lasted for 6hs. Consequently, nifedipine therapy was started at a daily dose of 30 to 60mg. His symptoms were markedly improved within 4 weeks. After 3 months his pain resolved. At the present, some pain often returns, but nifedipine is effective. Nifedipine may be useful as a drug for the management of reflex sympathetic dystrophy.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Two immunologically and catalytically distinct arachidonate 12-lipoxygenases of bovine platelets and leukocytes.

12-Lipoxygenases were found in the cytosol fraction of bovine leukocytes and platelets. The bovine leukocyte enzyme was immunoprecipitable by a monoclonal antibody directed to 12-lipoxygenase of porcine leukocytes, but not by a monoclonal antibody against the human platelet enzyme. In contrast, the bovine platelet enzyme cross-reacted only with antibody against the human platelet enzyme. The leukocyte and platelet enzymes were partially purified to final specific enzyme activities of 1.1 and 0.3 mumol/min/mg protein, respectively, by immunoaffinity chromatography using each cross-reacting antibody as a ligand. The leukocyte enzyme reacted with various octadecapolyenoic acids as well as eicosapolyenoic and docosapolyenoic acids, whereas the platelet enzyme was almost inactive with octadecapolyenoic acids. Moreover, the two enzymes showed different heat-instabilities and reaction time courses. Thus, the 12-lipoxygenases of bovine leukocytes and platelets were immunologically and catalytically distinct enzymes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The 6R-oxygenase activity of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase purified from porcine leukocytes.

Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase purified from porcine leukocytes was incubated with (5S)-hydroperoxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid. In addition to degradation products of leukotriene A4 (6-trans-leukotriene B4 and its 12-epimer and others), (5S,6R)-dihydroperoxy-7,9,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid was produced as a major product especially when the incubation was performed on ice rather than at room temperature. The amount of the (5S,6R)-dihydroperoxy acid was close to the total amount of leukotriene A4 degradation products. Under the anaerobic condition, production of the (5S,6R)-dihydroperoxy acid was markedly reduced. 5-Hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid could be a substrate of the enzyme and was transformed predominantly to a compound identified as (5S)-hydroxy-(6R)-hydroperoxy-7,9-trans-11,14-cis-eicosatetraenoic acid at about 1-2% rate of arachidonate 5-oxygenation. These findings indicated that the purified 5-lipoxygenase exhibited a 6R-oxygenase activity with (5S)-hydroxy and (5S)-hydroperoxy acids as substrates. The 6R-oxygenase activity, like the leukotriene A synthase activity, was presumed to be an integral part of 5-lipoxygenase because it required calcium and ATP and was affected by selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Atrial fibrillation following methylprednisolone pulse therapy.

Two children, one with renal manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus and the other with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, were treated with methylprednisolone pulses. Neither had previous evidence of underlying cardiac disease. Within 24 h of pulse therapy, they complained of palpitations and developed atrial fibrillation which reversed spontaneously or after anti-arrhythmic therapy. Subsequent serial electro- and echocardiograms were normal. We propose that the arrhythmias were a complication of steroid pulse therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Induction of chromosomal aberrations in rat bone marrow cells and mutations in Salmonella typhimurium by benz[a]anthracene derivatives.

Benz[a]anthracene (BA) and its derivatives containing methyl and/or ethyl groups in the 7 and/or 12 positions were tested for their ability to induce chromosome aberrations (CA) in rat bone marrow cells and for their mutagenicity to Salmonella typhimurium TA100 or TA98. The incidence of aberrant cells induced by the BA derivatives, given in lipid emulsion as a single-pulse dose of 50 mg/kg body weight into the caudal vein, was in the order: DMBA greater than EMBA greater than MEBA greater than other BA derivatives = control. The alkyl groups, at least 1 methyl group, at the 7 and 12 positions of BA seemed to be necessary to induce CA, although DEBA having ethyl groups at both the 7 and 12 positions of BA did not induce CA. DMBA or EMBA induced not only gaps and breaks but also exchanges and multiple CA, while the CA induced by other BA derivatives consisted of only gaps and breaks. 7MBA and 12MBA which exhibit carcinogenic activity intermediate between that of DMBA and BA induced few CA in the present system. However, the correlation coefficient between the logarithm incidence of aberrant cells and the carcinogenicity index calculated from the data of 9 BA derivatives including both 7MBA and 12MBA was 0.792. The relative mutagenicities of the BA derivatives with TA100 in the presence of hepatic S9 from polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-treated rats were in the order: BA greater than 7MBA greater than DMBA greater than 12MBA greater than 7EBA greater than EMBA greater than MEBA greater than 12EBA = DEBA = control. The results with TA98 were essentially the same as those with TA100. The results with TA100 in the presence of hepatic S9 from phenobarbital (PB)-treated rats were in the order: DMBA greater than 12MBA greater than 7MBA greater than 7EBA greater than BA greater than EMBA = MEBA greater than 12EBA = DEBA = control. These findings reveal no obvious relation between the mutagenic activities of the BA derivatives with the PCB-S9 or PB-S9 activating systems and their capacities to induce CA or their reported carcinogenicities. The incidence of CA induced by the dihydrodiols implicated as the metabolic precursors of the active diol epoxide metabolites of several of these BA derivatives was also tested. BA 3,4-dihydrodiol, like BA itself, induced few CA. However, the corresponding dihydrodiols of DMBA, 12MBA and 7MBA, induced relatively high levels of CA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Alcohols↗
PubMed1988

Intermittent versus long-term tapering prednisolone for initial therapy in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

Forty-six children with steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome were randomly allocated to receive two different prednisolone regimens for initial therapy. Twenty-nine children (group 1) received an intermittent regimen (60 mg/m2/day for 4 weeks, followed by 40/mg/m2/day on 3 days a week for 4 weeks); 17 children (group 2) had a long-term regimen (60 mg/m2/day for 4 weeks, followed by the same dose on alternate days for 4 weeks and the doses tapered by 10 mg/m2, given on alternate days every 4 weeks for 5 months). There was no difference between the two groups in the regimen used to treat relapses, steroid responsiveness, number of patients with relapses, and frequency of toxic reactions to steroids. However, the number of patients with a relapse within 6 months after initial therapy and the number of those with frequent relapses or steroid dependence were significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2 (P less than 0.05 for both). The data indicate that the long-term tapering regimen appears to be both safe and preferable to the intermittent regimen for initial therapy in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

Child↗
PubMed1988

A case of intralobar pulmonary sequestration with high serum CA19-9 levels.

A 38-year-old female presented with cough and fever. A chest X-ray examination revealed an abnormal shadow in the posteroinferior portion of the left hemithorax, and a laboratory examination showed that the serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) level was markedly high (1000 U/ml). A left thoracotomy showed an intralobar pulmonary sequestration of the left lower lobe, and after a left lower lobe lobectomy, the serum level of CA19-9 decreased to normal. Increased CA19-9 activity was detected by immunohistochemistry in the epithelia of bronchioles in the pulmonary sequestration. This communication is the first to report a case of increased activity of CA19-9 in pulmonary sequestration.

Adult↗