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Biomedical subjects

N V Khachanova

Publications and source records attributed to N V Khachanova.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[The interferon beta therapy after the first clinical episode of demyelination in multiple sclerosis].

The currently available treatment of definite multiple sclerosis (MS) includes different preparations of interferon beta. Recently reported data of pathomorphological, MRI, MR-spectroscopy and immunohistochemical studies suggest that axonal damage secondary to inflammation appears at the very early stage of MS. Early pathological events can predict a future course of the disease. Inflammatory activity in relapsing MS does not confine to episodes of clinical impairment but often develops before the first episode and generally continues during remissions. Patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and an abnormal brain MRI scan are at high risk of developing clinically definite MS (CDMS). If the presence of lesions predisposes to MS, the number of lesions determines when disability will develop. The results of interferon beta trials in patients with CIS showed significant benefit of the treatment in decreasing risk of CDMS development.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2006

[Risk factors of osteoporosis in women with multiple sclerosis].

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive disease that leads to early disability of young adults at a reproductive age. Motor disturbances caused by progressive pyramidal deficit and cerebellar dysfunction, accompanied by ataxia with frequent falls, and early decrease of physical activity are risk factors of osteoporosis in MS patients. A relapsing-remitting course of the disease with frequent attacks demands multiple courses of steroid therapy. Long-term steroid treatment causes bone loss and development of secondary osteoporosis. We have shown that reduced bone mineral density (BMD) in lumbar spine and femoral neck is associated with high level of EDSS score caused by the combination of moderate pyramidal and cerebellar dysfunction. An additional risk factor of osteoporosis in MS patients is low body weight. The glucocorticoid therapy does not exert a negative impact on BMD in lumbar spine and femoral neck in patients with MS.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[A wide support of patients with multiple sclerosis promotes success of long-term therapy].

The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is a life-altering experience that has far-reaching and diverse implications for newly diagnosed patients and their families. Since the disease is complex and highly variable, it places physical, emotional and social challenges on everyone concerned. A number of responsible decisions must be made, the most difficult one being the consent to long-term therapy. Joint effort of both physicians and patients allow the latter to take up properly new life circumstances, get adequate motivation, right and regular implementation of the long-term treatment plan aiming to prevent the disease progression. The management of many chronic diseases involves medications that must be injected on the frequent basis. In MS, such injections can reduce the frequency of relapses and slow the disease progression. Pretreatment injection self-efficacy expectations, injection anxiety, therapeutic expectations and ability to self-inject are significantly related to adherence. Poor patient adherence to long-term therapy severely compromises the treatment effectiveness.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2006

[The results of longitudinal use of copaxone and betaferon in Moscow Multiple Sclerosis Center: issues of efficacy and adherence to therapy].

In last decades, practical neurologists are able to use DMT in multiple sclerosis (MS) in every day practice. This paper presents data of 3-year study of DMT (copaxone and betaferon) treatment of 280 patients with definite diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), 166 patients regularly receiving DMT (104--copaxone and 62--betaferon) for, at least, 3 years. Clinical symptoms of the patients, reasons of treatment withdrawal (48--copaxone and 31--betaferon) and the features of MS course after the withdrawal are analyzed. Patients who received betaferon previously had more severe MS course with frequent relapses, half of them had secondary progressive MS course (SPMS) with relapses. This made impossible a direct comparison of the data of two treatment groups. Treatment with copaxone reduced 5 times annual relapse rate, from 1.45 before DMT to 0.27 during these 3 years (p < 0.001), and this reduction remained stable. For 36 months, 40.4% of patients were relapse-free though all of them had, at least, one relapse per year before the treatment. No EDSS progression was observed in 80% of these patients. Treatment with betaferon caused the reduction of relapse rate from 1,84 to 0,69 per year (2.7 times), 8 patients (26%) with previously active RMS being relapse-free for 36 months. In 31 patients with SPMS, the reduction of relapse rate was also significant, from 1.89 to 0.49 (3.8 times, p < 0.001). Twenty-two patients (71%) with previous SPMS did not have EDSS progression for 36 months that indicate the positive effect of the therapy. Side-effects were moderate and were not the main cause of the treatment withdrawal. The latter was caused mainly by clinical un efficacy, most frequently by the increase of EDSS due to transformation of the MS course to SPMS without relapses and poor understanding by the patient of the goals and the possibilities of DMT. These facts stress the significance of improving compliance, motivation and adherence to DMT in everyday neurological practice.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2003

[Use of glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) in the treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis. Experience of the Moscow multiple sclerosis center].

146 patients with multiple sclerosis are treated by copaxone in the Moscow MS Centre. The relaps exacerbation rate decreased by 72%, the relapse rate reduced by 25.6% during the copaxone treatment. EDSS score did not increase both in group with and without relapses. The condition of 2/3 patients was stable. To achieve the best effect of treatment the program of patient support was successfully used in the Moscow MS Centre.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2003

[Certain problems of therapy with beta-interferon preparations].

The latest data on clinical effects of beta-interferon-1b (betaferon) in different clinical types of multile sclerosis (MS) are discussed in this review. All local and systemic side effects of this treatment are discussed as well as possible influence of neutralizing antibodies (NAB) on clinical efficacy of this treatment. Moderate and easily treated side effects as well as the absence of significant evidence for modulation of positive clinical effects of beta-interferons by NAT allow one to consider this medicine as one of the basic methods of MS treatment.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2000

[The possibility of the use of several clinical, genetic and MRI characteristics for the prognosis of effects of beta-interferon-1beta treatment in multiple sclerosis].

Recently, beta-interferons have become the first line medicine of pathogenic treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). 75 MS patients from Moscow received the treatment with beta-interferon-1b (betaferon). Clinical, genetic and MRI data on 48 of them were included in detailed statistical analyses. High basic frequency of relapses, absence of atrophy of the brain at the first MRI scans and the presence of HLA-DRB1*15 (less significant DRB1*0301 and DRB1*04) were associated with better clinical effects of one year Betaferon course--decrease of relapses frequency and delay in EDSS progression.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗