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Biomedical subjects

N V Komissarova

Publications and source records attributed to N V Komissarova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Effect of new peptide inhibitors on the ratio of angiotensin I-converting and kinin-degrading activities of dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase (angiotensin-converting enzyme).

The effect of N(alpha)-carboxyalkylated dipeptides on angiotensin-converting and kinin-degrading activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE, dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase) was studied. These inhibitors selectively affected ACE-induced hydrolysis of angiotensin I-like and bradykinin-like (hippuryl-His-Leu and hippuryl-Phe-Arg, respectively) substrates in microsomal fractions of rat lungs and kidneys and rat blood serum. The inhibition constants of both types of activity were determined for these enzyme preparations and also for ACE from porcine seminal fluid and highly purified ACE from porcine lung. In all cases high inhibition selectivity of angiotensin-generating and kininase activities of ACE was found.

Angiotensin I↗
PubMed1991

[Changes in the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme in the structures of the rat brain after frontal lobectomy].

The functional state of the angiotensin system (the activity of the angiotensin converting enzyme--ACE) was studied in different rat brain regions during disturbance of the integrative activity of CNS after frontal lobectomy. The most prominent increase of the ACE activity (in four times) on the ninth day after lobectomy was detected in crown cortex and hippocamp. Considerable differences were discovered in striatum, thalamus and hypothalamus also. The variations of the ACE activity were not shown in the medulla oblongata and midbrain. It is possible to conclude, that ACE activity alternations have regional disposition and functional dependence.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Changes in the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme of the lung and systemic hemodynamics in spontaneously hypertensive rats under the effect of galvanic current].

It was shown, that local influence of galvanic current upon the lung angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in spontaneously hypertensive rats led to a decrease of systemic blood pressure in consequence of reduced peripheral vascular resistance. The development of the hemodynamic alteration was accompanied by variations of physiological and biochemical indices of the lung ACE-activity. These results indicate that the ACE-dependent processes in the lung play on important role in the mechanisms of vasoconstriction, increase in vascular resistance and development of arterial hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Age-related and regional changes in angiotensin-converting and kinin-degrading activity in the brain of aggressive rats].

Aggressive behaviour (muricidal) induced in rats by local electrolyte lesions of septal brain area was accompanied by changes in angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and total kinin-destroying activity (KDA) in different brain regions. In 2-month-old rats (30 days after septal operation) a decrease in ACE activity was observed in hypothalamus and striatum, while in the cerebellum the activity was increased. KDA in this group of aggressive rats was markedly increased in the pituitary body, hypothalamus and striatum. Half a year after septal lesion in spite of aggressive behaviour retention, ACE activity and KDA did not differ from their activity in nonmuricidal rats of the same age. These data show a distinct role of the peptides studied in the formation and maintenance of muricidal behaviour in rats of different age.

Aggression↗
PubMed1985

[Regional changes in the activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme in the brain of rats with developing hereditarily induced hypertension].

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in the pituitary zone and 7 other brain areas has been studied in rats with developing spontaneous hereditary hypertension. ACE activity was significantly different in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats, with the differences most prominent in pituitary body, cerebellum, striatum and medulla oblongata. Age-dependent variability in ACE activity was demonstrated.

Aging↗
PubMed1983

[Angiotensin converting enzyme activity in the blood and lung tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats].

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in blood serum and lung tissue was studied in spontaneously hypertensive rats. ACE activity in blood serum and lung tissue in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was significantly different. In normotensive rats (NTR), ACE activity in serum was much higher than in SHR. In the lung tissue, the differences were less marked. During ontogenetic development, NTR demonstrated a decrease in ACE activity in serum and an increase in lung tissue, while SHR showed the total decrease in the enzyme activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Substance P inhibition of the activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme from human blood serum].

Substance "P" (SP) and its derivatives inhibited activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in human blood serum, I50 for SP was 31 microM. The same results were obtained for N-terminal fragments of the SP molecule: Arg-Pro-Lys-Pro and Lys-Pro. The C-terminal heptapeptide and the dipeptide Arg-Pro negligibly inhibited ACE activity. A possible significance of the interaction between SP and ACE in the regulation of the microhemodynamics is discussed.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1981

[Participation of the lungs in regulating the activity of the kallikrein-kinin system during immobilization stress].

Experiments on rats have shown that during immobilization stress, there takes place an intense activation of the kallikrein-kinin system (KKS). The control animals do not show arteriovenous difference in the KKS values. Study of the time course of immobilization stress has demonstrated changes in the KKS values attesting to the system activation seen only in venous blood in the early stages of immobilization. With time activation of the kinin system is also seen in arterial blood, and by 24 hours of immobilization the arteriovenous difference disappears. Thus the arteriovenous difference in the KKS values, which occurs during immobilization stress indicates the compensatory role of the lungs in the early stages of immobilization.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Relationship between the activity of the kallikrein, plasmin and thrombin systems of the blood during intense physical exertion].

The authors studied the changes in the level of precursors of kallikrein, plasmine, and their inhibitors with the aid of a complex method. Blood plasma of sportsmen was examined--of healthy persons and of those with the syndrome of myocardial overstraining under conditions of rest and intensive bicycle ergometric exercises. The results obtained and correlation analysis data pointed to the functional association of the "Hageman's factor system". Sportsmen with the overstrain syndrome displayed an aggravation of the functional possibilities of humoral systems of the hemovascular regulation, this being expressed in a reduced level of the proenzymatic activity and a reduction of the inhibitor values. Correlation of the mentioned indices was disturbed both at rest and during the exercises.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Characteristics of contact activation of rabbit blood (kallikrein and plasmin systems].

In vitro experiments showed that caoline-induced contact activation of the kallikreine-kinine system and streptokinase-induced activation of plasmin could possibly occur in rabbit blood plasma. Preliminary short-term treatment of plasma with chloroform removed the factor, inhibiting the two mentioned activation processes. The results obtained provided an indirect evidence for the existence of a functional relationship between the kallikreine and plasmin systems of the blood at the level of the initial step of their activation, i.e. the Hageman factor.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Method of simultaneous determination of kallikrein, plasmin and thrombin precursors and inhibitors in human blood plasma].

Prekallikrein, plasminogen and prothrombin of human blood plasma have been separately activated by caolin streptokinase and thromboplastin. By measuring the TAME-esterase (N-d Tozy-L-arginine methyl ester) activity of each enzyme and its changes in the course of plasma incubation with the activator, it was possible to estimate the values of precursors of kallikrein, plasmin, thrombin and their inhibitors. Evidence is given that under conditions described the activation is specific of each enzyme and does not affect the level of the two other percursors. The method has been developed in two modifications, permitting to obtain the value of seven parameters in 0.4--0.7 ml of blood plasma.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of prolonged ethanol consumption on the physiological status and changes in brain peptidase activity of muricidal (aggressive) rats].

Muricidal and non-muricidal Wistar rats were studied regarding the changes of the body weight, the volume of the liquid intake, the sensitivity threshold to electrical shock, horizontal and vertical locomotor activity during 40-days period of 20% ethanol consumption. The transition to the situation of "choice" (water and/or ethanol) was accompanied by a division of the animals into two groups: "water preferring" and "ethanol-preferring" rats. The angiotensin-converting enzyme and enkephalin-forming carboxypeptidase H activity in different brain regions, hypophysis and peripheral tissues, were defined. The results allow one to conclude that neurochemical mechanisms underlying aggressive behavior (muricidity) and alcohol addiction have originally distinct nature.

Aggression↗