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Biomedical subjects

N V Vol'f

Publications and source records attributed to N V Vol'f.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of destruction of the amygdaloid complex on the cardiac and motor components of a conditioned defense reaction].

The effect of bilateral ablation of the amygdala complex basolateral part on heart and motor components of conditioned defensive reaction was studied in chronic experiments on rats. After 10 presentations of the tone during habituation procedure the elaboration of conditioned reaction in operated and control animals was achieved in one session (10 pairings of the tone with electrical pain stimulation in a minute). The analysis of the changes in the heart rate of amygdalectomized rats immediately after the elaboration revealed a shorter time of retention of the heart rate tachycardiac changes elicited by aversive stimulation. In tests one hour and 24 hours after the elaboration, the operated animals showed no conditioned bradycardiac reaction to the tone. This fact suggests a severe impairment of the conditioned emotional reaction of fear. The absence of the emotional component of the conditioned reaction seems to result in the disturbance of reproduction of its motor component.

Amygdala↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in the cardiac rhythm in response to acoustic stimuli in subjects with a seasonal affective disorder].

Groups of depressed patients and normal controls were exposed to series of tones of low (75 dB) and high (105 dB) intensity. The initial component (averaged heart rate in 5 s post-stimulus interval) of cardiac reactions to the weak stimuli was decelerative. Depressed patients tended to have more decelerative reactions than controls. In depressed patients there was habituation across trial blocks. The first component of responses to the loud stimuli was predominantly accelerative in both groups. The later phase of the heart rate responses (averaged in the second 5 s post-stimulus interval) was predominantly accelerative in controls and decelerative in patients for both intensities. Characteristic features of orienting and defensive components of the cardiac reactions in winter depressions are discussed.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sex differences in memorizing dichotically presented word lists].

Lists of 10 pairs of words containing emotionally significant words at the fourth position were administered dichotically. Emotional words were presented whether unilaterally (in a pair with a neutral word) or bilaterally to the subjects of both sexes. There were no sex differences in immediate a written reproduction of both the neutral and emotional words. Unexpected reproduction of the all lists at the end of an experiment was better in women regarding the emotional words heard from the left ear and the neutral words independently of a side of presentation. Sex differences in strategies of memorizing suggest a wider participation of the right-hemispheric ways of information processing in providing some forms of verbal activity in women.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sex differences in hemispheric interference interaction during the memorizing of speech information].

Young men and women were monaurally and dichotically presented with 10-word lists which had to be afterwards reproduced in a written form. In dichotic pairs the signals were presented either synchronously or with time leads/lags in 50 ms between the ears. For each subject the interference effect was calculated of the right hemisphere to the left one and on the contrary. This index was taken as a measure of inhibitory interaction between the hemispheres. Lateral differences in hemispheric interference were well pronounced in men and absent in women. In women the interference effects on the first halves of the lists were stronger than in men and more pronounced than the effects on the second halves of the lists. The results are in agreement with the ideas about functional dissimilarity of processes underlying speech functions in the left and right brain hemispheres in men and women.

Adult↗