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N W Preston

Publications and source records attributed to N W Preston.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Serotype specificity of vaccine-induced immunity to pertussis.

Two large epidemics of pertussis occurred in Britain during 1977-79 and 1981-83, following a decline in vaccine uptake in the mid-1970s. Serotype 1,3 predominated during both epidemics but serotypes 1,2 and 1,2,3 constituted 32% (243 of 769) of the isolates from unvaccinated children compared with only 10% (9 of 86) of the isolates from vaccinated children (p < 0.005). Whole-cell vaccines, although effective against infection with all serotypes, have a higher efficacy against serotypes 1,2 and 1,2,3 than against serotype 1,3. These data suggest that not only should acellular vaccines contain agglutinogens specific for each serotype but trials should demonstrate efficacy against all three serotypes.

Bordetella pertussis↗
PubMed1990

Location of the three major agglutinogens of Bordetella pertussis by immuno-electronmicroscopy.

When the three serotypes of Bordetella pertussis (types 1,2,3; 1,2 and 1,3) were labelled with agglutinins and protein-A gold, agglutinogen 1 was found on fimbriae and on the cell surface of types 1,2,3 and 1,2 but on the cell surface only of non-fimbriate type 1,3 organisms. In contrast, agglutinogen 2 was located on fimbriae only. Agglutinogen 3 was not labelled. When protein-A gold was replaced by immunoglobulin-G gold, agglutinogen 3 was found on the cell surface only, even of fimbriate bacteria of type 1,2,3. The implications of these findings for acellular vaccines are discussed.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1985

Essential immunogens in human pertussis: the role of fimbriae.

After the decline in pertussis vaccination in Britain from the mid-1970s, isolates possessing agglutinogen 2 (types 1.2.3 and 1.2) have replaced type 1.3 as the predominant serotypes. These agglutinogen-2 strains are fimbriate, and their predominance in non-vaccinated communities may result from enhanced attachment to mucosal cells. However, type 1.3 cells are not fimbriate; and, because agglutinogen 3 is essential in fully effective whole-cell vaccine, a subcellular vaccine prepared from fimbriae alone (agglutinogen 2) would probably be inadequate. The mouse can be killed with type 1 strains, devoid of agglutinogens 2 and 3, and is therefore not a suitable model for ensuring that pertussis vaccine contains these essential immunogens.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1978

Machakos project studies. Agents affecting health of mother and child in a rural area of Kenya. V. Pertussis sentypes in Kenyan children 1974--1975.

Cultures of Bordetella pertussis were isolated by pernasal swabs from Kenyan children in whom whooping-cough was suspected. Serotyping of 94 of these isolates was undertaken by four laboratories in Europe, and there was very close agreement in their typing results. Each laboratory found that the incidence of type 1, 3 was the lowest of the three types, and that there were approximately equal numbers of types 1, 2, 3 and 1, 2. No new serotype was found. This distribution of serotypes was found in all age-groups; and it is in marked contrast with that currently seen in vaccinated communities, where type 1, 3 predominates. The implications of these findings for vaccination against whooping-cough in East Africa are discussed.

Bordetella pertussis↗