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Biomedical subjects

N de Tribolet

Publications and source records attributed to N de Tribolet.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Herniated cervical disk, with or without arthrosis--surgical management by simple discectomy or associated with spondylodesis?].

58 patients underwent surgery by an anterior approach for nerve root or spinal cord compression at one or more levels. The cause was a soft disc herniation, an osteophyte or the two combined. 44 underwent simple discectomy with 70.5% good or very good results. 14 also had interbody fusion by the method of Smith and Robinson, with good and very good results in 57.1%. In most cases the latter group had major cervical spondylosis and myelopathy. The bad results were due to severe neurologic lesions (myelopathy), duration of symptoms and associated illness. The anterior approach with use of the microscope provides good vision and involves few complications. Neither recurrence nor secondary posture disorders were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Binding specificity of two monoclonal antiglioma antibodies: immunocytochemical studies using a new tissue embedding technique.

The binding specificities of two monoclonal antiglioma antibodies (MAB) derived from hybrids GE2 and BF7 (Schnegg et al. 1981) were tested by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) and two immunoperoxidase (IP) methods. Studies were done on biopsies from 33 human CNS tumors, human derived glioma cells, and N-ethylnitrosourea-induced neurogenic rat cells in culture. The immunohistochemical reactions of MAB were investigated in snap-frozen tumor material, conventionally paraffin-embedded material, and tumors embedded in formol sucrose/gum sucrose/paraffin (FSGSP) by the new tissue processing technique of Bolton and Mesnard (1982), which preserves and enhances the antigenicity of tissues. The FSGSP processing offered a better immunocytochemical staining with MAB as compared to cryostat material, while the conventionally embedded paraffin sections of tumors did not stain at all. The binding of MAB revealed an affinity to both glial tumor cells and normal astrocytes. The techniques described are suitable for the identification of an astrocytic subpopulation within gliomas, and may improve the understaining of antigen expression in various stages of astrocytic dedifferentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Immunobiology of brain tumors.

The treatment of the cerebral glioma continues to challenge neurosurgeons and basic scientists. The lack of major success with chemotherapy and radiation therapy has spurred further investigation into the biology of this tumor and host reactions to it. Much of this research has centred upon evaluation of tumor cell antigenicity and the cellular immune responses to the glioma. Contrary to previous considerations evidence suggests that astrocytes, glioma cells and tumor endothelial cells may all have pivotal roles in the initiation and prolongation of both local and systemic immune responses to the tumor. In this review we will discuss the immunobiology of the glioma with specific reference to the interactions between the tumor and the host immune system. In addition, ideas for potential therapeutic manipulation of the host-glioma immune interactions will be reviewed stressing potential pitfalls and risks.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Expression of class II major histocompatibility antigens on reactive astrocytes and endothelial cells within the gliosis surrounding metastases and abscesses.

To pursue the hypothesis that astrocytes may function as immunoregulatory cells, astrocytes within the reactive gliosis surrounding metastases and abscesses were examined for the expression of the class II major histocompatibility antigen HLA-DR. The tissue was analysed using single- and double-label avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase techniques employing monoclonal antibodies for HLA-DR (D1-12), macrophages (anti-Fc), T lymphocytes (2D3), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and GFAP antiserum. Macrophages, astrocytes and T lymphocytes were present. The double label demonstrated HLA-DR on a large number of astrocytes. Taken together with evidence that astrocytes can release interleukin-1 and can present an antigen to lymphocytes, the finding of HLA-DR on these astrocytes supports their possible involvement in the cellular immune response.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

[The best neuroradiological test in the preoperative investigation of lumbar sciatica. The neurosurgeon's point of view].

A short review of the theoretical and practical performance of myelography and computed tomography in the investigation of sciatica is presented. It is concluded that at the present time, myelography remains the primary procedure except in cases of typical, acute sciatica with involvement of a single root where computed tomography can be preferred under certain conditions.

Back Pain↗
PubMed1986

Heterogeneity of the induction of HLA-DR expression by human immune interferon on glioma cell lines and their clones.

The modulation of HLA-DR and HLA-A, -B, and -C by human recombinant immune interferon (IFN-gamma) was studied on 10 malignant glioma cell lines established in our laboratory, on 8 clones or subclones derived from these lines, and on a fetal astrocyte cell line. Comparative studies were performed with recombinant leukocyte interferon (IFN-alpha). The results not only confirmed the selective activity of IFN-gamma on the modulation of HLA-DR expression, as opposed to that of IFN-alpha, but also demonstrated a marked heterogeneity in the response of glioma cell lines and their clones to the two types of IFN tested. For example, all 3 clones of an inducible cell line could be modulated to express HLA-DR, whereas only 2 of 5 clones derived from a noninducible line were modulated. This heterogeneity did not seem to be due to the absence of the receptor for IFN-gamma on the surface of these cells, since almost all of the cell lines or clones tested (17 of 19) responded to IFN-gamma by the induction or enhancement of the expression for either HLA-DR or HLA-A, -B, and -C (or both). The heterogeneity of induction was also demonstrated between clones derived from a glioma line that did not express HLA-DR after IFN-gamma treatment. The production of HLA-DR by one of the clones was abundant enough to be confirmed by immunoprecipitation and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

[Cervical myelopathy as a result of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (4 cases)].

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament was demonstrated in four caucasian males with progressive myelopathy. Such a condition is not uncommon in Japan, but has rarely been reported in caucasian subjects. It is not related to spondylarthrosis. Clinical course is usually protracted and can be worsened by mild trauma. Computerized tomography is the best diagnostic tool. Anterior decompressive surgery is theorically warranted in cases of severe myelopathy. Multisegmental laminectomy was performed on two patients, but was followed by little improvement. We discuss the relation between this condition and ankylosing spinal hyperostosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Reoperation after treatment of a disk hernia. Comparison between radiology and surgical findings in 18 cases].

Eighteen patients with recurrent sciatica after lumbar disc surgery were investigated by both, myelography and computed tomography (CT) before reoperation. The radiological diagnosis according to the original x-ray report was correlated with the surgical findings at reoperation. Myelography reports describe morphological changes but often contain no definite diagnosis. CT reports usually contain detailed tissue diagnosis, but correlation with surgical findings is generally poor. Review of the original x-ray films leads to the following conclusions: At present, myelography is always indicated, except in suspected extreme lateral disc herniation. CT should be reserved for particular clinical or myelographic problems.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

[Extreme lateral lumbar disk herniation. Apropos of a series of 25 cases].

Twenty-five cases of extreme lateral disc herniation (ELDH) were identified amongst 680 operated lumbar discs (3.7%). Their anatomical, radiological and clinical features are presented. They were found at all levels between L3 and S1. At the L5-S1 level 12 ELDH occurred amongst 253 disc herniations (5%), at the L4-L5 level, 8 ELDH amongst 400 herniations (2%), and at the L3-L4 level, 5 ELDH amongst 21 herniations (24%). No clinical features were encountered which could allow to differentiate between an ELDH and a classical disc herniation of the above level. Twenty-three patients underwent lumbar myelogram. This was normal in 6. In 12 it showed a slight shortening and widening of the above situated nerve root sleeve. The same abnormality can be found with downward migration of a classical herniation of the above situated disc or with a lateral recess stenosis. Twenty-five patients underwent computed tomography (CT.). In 24, the ELDH could be unequivocally identified. Disc material occupied the intervertebral foramen or the extravertebral space just beyond it, replacing the normal fat. In order to identify an ELDH, CT has to be done whenever myelogram is normal or equivocal. If the patient is to be investigated by CT only, slices through the intervertebral foramen and the disc below the clinically suspicious level have to be included. Operation in all cases consisted in total or partial unilateral laminectomy with facetectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Supratentorial intracranial arachnoid cysts].

20 cases of supratentorial arachnoid cysts are reported. Their classification according to the clinical symptomatology allows to separate them in 3 categories: those presenting with intracranial hypertension and/or a focal neurological deficit (7 cases), those presenting with headache (4 cases) or epilepsy (4 cases), those which were found incidentally and where asymptomatic (5 cases). The neuropsychological examination showed that 5 cysts of the left sylvian fissure had some memory deficit in the verbal modality, but remarkably none was found to have signs of aphasia on detailed testing. Indications for surgical treatment are discussed considering the various clinical groups, the results of neuropsychological evaluation and the neuroradiological findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Characterization of four human malignant glioma cell lines.

In this paper, the characterization of four human malignant glioma cell lines is described. The four lines are positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in variable amounts. One of them, LN 992, is positive for S-100 protein. Myelin basic protein could not be detected in any of the four lines. The four lines had high levels of CNPase activity. The karyotype shows polyploidy for all lines, with modal numbers ranging from 80 to 120 and various numbers of marker chromosomes. Particular attention has been paid to the surface phenotype and a panel of three antiglioma monoclonal antibodies (Mabs), five antimelanoma Mabs, one anti-CALLA Mab, and two anti-HLA-DR Mabs has been used in an antibody-binding radioimmunoassay for the four cell lines. Lines LN 215 and LN 235 are positive with two antiglioma Mabs, LN 992 is negative. The four lines are positive with all five antimelanoma Mabs, except for LN 992 which ist negative with Mab D5. LN 992 and LN 215 are positive with the anti-CALLA Mab N2A12. LN 308 and LN 992 are positive with anti-HLA-DR Mab D4-22. There was no correlation between the in vitro morphology of the lines and the expression of the various biochemical or surface markers. These results stress the heterogeneity of the phenotype of human malignant glioma lines. These lines will be useful tools for further immunologic studies.

8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate↗
PubMed1985

Phenotyping of 60 cultured human gliomas and 34 other neuroectodermal tumors by means of monoclonal antibodies against glioma, melanoma and HLA-DR antigens.

The reactivity spectrum of three monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) to human malignant glioma, five Mabs to melanomas and one Mab anti-HLA-DR was investigated by an indirect antibody binding radioimmunoassay on a panel of cells derived from 60 glioma lines, including 47 malignant astrocytomas, 11 low-grade astrocytomas and two malignant ependymomas as well on cells from 12 melanoma, three neuroblastoma, three medulloblastoma, two schwannoma, two retinoblastoma, two choroïd plexus papilloma, ten meningioma and 12 unrelated tumor lines. The anti-glioma Mabs BF7 and GE2 reacted preferentially with gliomas, while the anti-glioma Mab CG12 reacted with gliomas, melanomas, neuroblastomas and medulloblastomas. The five anti-melanoma Mabs reacted with gliomas, neuroblastomas and medulloblastomas. The anti-HLA-DR Mab D1-12 reacted with gliomas, melanomas and some meningiomas. On the basis of the data presented, we describe three different antigenic systems; the first one is glioma-associated, the second one is related to differentiation antigens expressed on cells derived from the neuroectoderm and the third is represented by HLA-DR antigens which are expressed not only on B-lymphoblastoid cells but also on melanomas and gliomas.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

[Trigeminal involvement and peripheral facial paralysis caused by Arnold-Chiari malformation with hydrocephalus].

The case of a 26 years old woman who presented with hydrocephalus from an Arnold-Chiari malformation is described. The first signs were a left trigeminal disorder and a left facial paresis as false localizing signs. Symptomatology was secondary to decompensation of the hydrocephalus, and was associated with aqueductal stenosis. Complete and rapid regression of the symptomatology after ventriculo-caval shunt was observed. Type 1 Arnold-Chiari malformation can manifest itself clinically in a number of ways. Cranial nerve abnormalities are uncommon, and may be false localizing signs. Unsuccessful investigations can delay the diagnosis and the treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Intracerebral cavernous angiomas].

8 cases of cavernous haemangiomas operated and histologically proven are presented. 5 patients (5/8) were admitted because of epileptic seizures, one patient (1/8) because of pure headache, another one because of a focal neurological defect and the last because of intracranial hypertension. Computed axial tomography is a sensitive procedure for detection of cavernomas. Of 7 cases examined by this technique, 7 (7/7) have shown a well circumscribed round or oval hyperdense nodule, with calcifications in 6/7 cases, a slight surrounding oedema in 3/7 cases and without mass effect, except if there is a visible hematoma at operation (2/8). After contrast administration, 5/7 malformations were enhanced and 2/7 displayed draining veins, a fact that we underline. The differential diagnosis includes a low grade calcified glioma, a thrombosed arterio-venous malformation, a venous angioma or an intracerebral hematoma. Surgical excision is the best treatment of these vascular malformations that bleed frequently, and improved all the patients in this series (8/8).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Acute subdural hematomas, prognostic factors].

Subdural hematomas are considered to be acute when diagnosed within 24 hours of trauma. The high mortality rate associated with them demonstrates the need to improve their outcome, especially by study of prognostic variables. The authors have studied 35 patients with acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) treated surgically. The diagnosis of ASDH was documented by clinical examination and computerized axial tomography scan (CAT-scan). Follow-up of the patients shows that age, sex, and pre-operative neurological examination, including depth of coma and pupillary changes, are significant prognostic variables. Post-operative intracranial pressure (ICP) is an important factor in determining the outcome, since all the patients with an ICP over 50 mm Hg died. Furthermore, the patients treated surgically by craniotomy have a better outcome and a rate of good recovery much higher than those treated by burr holes only. Thus, the prognosis of ASDH may be improved by careful and systematic monitoring of the ICP with adequate treatment when it reaches critical levels, and by large decompressive craniotomy for evacuation of the clot.

Acute Disease↗