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Naeem A Ali

Publications and source records attributed to Naeem A Ali.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Alcohol dependence is independently associated with sepsis, septic shock, and hospital mortality among adult intensive care unit patients.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between alcohol dependence (alcoholism not in remission and/or alcohol withdrawal) and sepsis, septic shock, and hospital mortality among intensive care unit (ICU) patients. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Two ICUs in an urban hospital. PATIENTS: Patients included 11,651 adult admissions to Denver Health Medical Center from January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2004, with >or=1 ICU day. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Of first admissions appearing in the data set (n=9,981), 1,222 (12.2%) had a diagnosis consistent with alcohol dependence. These patients had higher rates of sepsis (12.9% vs. 7.6%, p<.001), organ failure (67.3% vs. 45.8%, p<.001), septic shock (3.6% vs. 2.1%, p=.001), and hospital mortality (9.4% vs. 7.5%, p=.022) on unadjusted analyses. Patients with alcohol dependence also had fewer hospital-free days. After adjustment for factors with known association with sepsis, alcohol dependence was associated with sepsis. This association was modified if the patient received (adjusted odds ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.65-1.31) or did not receive (adjusted odds ratio, 1.91; 95% confidence interval, 1.49-2.44) red cell transfusions. A general predisposition to infections mediated some, but not all, of this association. Results were similar when repeat admissions were included in the analysis. Alcohol dependence was also associated with septic shock and hospital mortality in multivariable analyses. Among those with liver disease and sepsis, alcohol dependence was associated with more than two-fold increased risk-adjusted odds of hospital mortality (adjusted odds ration, 2.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.26-4.24). Similarly, sepsis and liver disease carried higher odds of death for alcohol-dependent patients than for those without alcohol dependence. CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol dependence is independently associated with sepsis, septic shock, and hospital mortality among ICU patients. The underlying mechanisms of this association require exploration, as an increased rate of infections mediated some, but not all, of this association.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Body mass index is independently associated with hospital mortality in mechanically ventilated adults with acute lung injury.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between body mass index (BMI) and hospital mortality for critically ill adults. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: One-hundred six intensive care units (ICUs) in 84 hospitals. PATIENTS: Mechanically ventilated adults (n=1,488) with acute lung injury (ALI) included in the Project IMPACT database between December 1995 and September 2001. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Over half of the cohort had a BMI above the normal range. Unadjusted analyses showed that BMI was higher among subjects who survived to hospital discharge vs. those who did not (p<.0001). ICU and hospital mortality rates were lower in higher BMI categories. After risk-adjustment, BMI was independently associated with hospital mortality (p<.0001) when modeled as a continuous variable. The adjusted odds were highest at the lowest BMIs and then declined to a minimum between 35 and 40 kg/m2. Odds increased after the nadir but remained below those seen at low BMIs. With use of a categorical designation, BMI was also independently associated with hospital mortality (p=.0055). The adjusted odds were highest for the underweight BMI group (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-3.60) relative to the normal BMI group. As in the analysis using the continuous BMI variable, the odds of hospital mortality were decreased for the groups with higher BMIs (overweight adjusted OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.51-1.02; obese adjusted OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.46-0.97; severely obese adjusted OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.44-1.38). Differences in the use of heparin prophylaxis mediated some of the protective effect of severe obesity. CONCLUSIONS: BMI was associated with risk-adjusted hospital mortality among mechanically ventilated adults with ALI. Lower BMIs were associated with higher odds of death, whereas overweight and obese BMIs were associated with lower odds.

Body Mass Index↗
PubMed2005

Specificity of computerized physician order entry has a significant effect on the efficiency of workflow for critically ill patients.

BACKGROUND: Critically ill patients require rapid care, yet they are also at risk for morbidity from the potential complications of that care. Computerized physician order entry (CPOE) is advocated as a tool to reduce medical errors, improve the efficiency of healthcare delivery, and improve outcomes. Little is known regarding the essential attributes of CPOE in the intensive care unit (ICU). OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of CPOE on ICU patient care. DESIGN: Retrospective before and after cohort study. SETTING: An academic ICU. PATIENTS: Patients admitted to the ICU during use of the initial CPOE application and those admitted after its modification. INTERVENTIONS: Comprehensive order interface redesign improving clarity, specificity, and efficiency. MEASUREMENTS: Orders for complex ICU care were compared between the two groups. In addition, the use of higher-efficiency CPOE order paths was tracked. RESULTS: Patients treated with both the initial and modified CPOE system were similar for all measured characteristics. With the modified CPOE system, there were significant reductions in orders for vasoactive infusions, sedative infusions, and ventilator management. There was also a significant increase in orders executed through ICU-specific order sets after system modifications. LIMITATIONS: This retrospective study cannot assess issues related to learner expertise and is meant to only suggest the importance of developing CPOE systems that are appropriate for specialty care environments. CONCLUSION: Appropriate CPOE applications can improve the efficiency of care for critically ill patients. The workflow requirements of individual units must be analyzed before technologies like CPOE can be properly developed and implemented.

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