Biomedical subjects

Natthapong Paankhao

Publications and source records attributed to Natthapong Paankhao.

2 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2026

Transcriptomic and Proteomic Insights into Mucosal Immune Responses of Asian Seabass (Lates calcarifer) After Sequential Mucosal Vaccination Against Bacterial Pathogens.

Bacterial diseases caused by Flavobacterium covae (Fc), Vibrio harveyi (Vh), Vibrio vulnificus (Vv) and Photobacterium damselae (Pd) seriously constrain Asian seabass aquaculture. Here we dissect the mucosal immune mechanisms engaged by a five-month sequential vaccination strategy that combines nanoemulsion immersion priming with multivalent oral hydrogel boosting. Juvenile seabass were vaccinated, then challenged with F. covae by freshwater immersion and with a Vibrio-Photobacterium (Vh/Vv/Pd) mix by immersion or intraperitoneal injection. Gills were sampled after immersion challenges and intestine after injection, and profiled by RNA sequencing and label-free quantitative proteomics, with selected genes validated by RT-qPCR. Principal component analysis showed clear separation of vaccinated and control fish in all tissues and challenges, indicating a strong and coherent transcriptional reprogramming. Vaccination markedly increased the number of upregulated genes, with Gene Ontology enrichment revealing dominant signatures of ribosome biogenesis, RNA processing, lysosomal organization and immune response. KEGG analysis highlighted cytokine receptor interaction; NOD and Toll-like receptor signaling; oxidative phosphorylation; and phagosome, lysosome and cell adhesion molecule pathways, consistent with heightened antimicrobial readiness. Volcano plots and focused heatmaps showed strong induction of interferon-stimulated genes, cytokines and chemokine receptors, complement components, macrophage mannose receptor, epithelial barrier mediators and numerous immunoglobulin transcripts, with tissue- and challenge-specific patterns. Proteomics corroborated these trends, demonstrating a higher abundance of immunoglobulin heavy chains, complement proteins, cathepsins, heat shock and redox chaperones, ribosomal proteins and cytoskeletal and adhesion regulators in vaccinated mucosae. Integrated pathway mapping linked endothelial adhesion molecules and leukocyte integrins with T cell costimulation networks and an intestinal immune network for immunoglobulin production, including enhanced pIgR-mediated transcytosis. Overall, the sequential vaccination regimen was associated with coordinated transcriptomic and proteomic signatures related to epithelial responses, innate immunity, and humoral immune functions across gill and intestinal tissues. These molecular patterns were accompanied by improved survival following bacterial challenge; however, the present data do not directly demonstrate the functional activity of the inferred immune mechanisms in Asian seabass.

Animals↗

PubMed2026

Transcriptomic responses of gill and intestinal tissues in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to bacterial infection following sequential nanoimmersion and hydrogel-based multivalent vaccination.

Bacterial pathogens, including Flavobacterium oreochromis, Aeromonas veronii, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Edwardsiella tarda, represent major infectious threats to Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). A multivalent vaccination strategy integrating cationic nanoemulsion immersion with oral hydrogel boosters was developed to investigate tissue-specific immune responses at the transcriptomic level. Gill tissues were collected following immersion challenge and intestinal tissues following intraperitoneal injection challenge, reflecting the physiologically relevant infection biology of each pathogen and the mechanistic rationale of each delivery platform. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) generated high-quality datasets (mapping rate > 81.64%) with strong concordance to quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) validation (r = 0.83). Comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed distinct yet complementary immune signatures between tissues. Gill transcriptomes were enriched in phagosome, focal adhesion, extracellular matrix-receptor interaction (ECM-receptor interaction), and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathways, accompanied by increased expression of major histocompatibility complex class I/II (MHC class I/II), mannose receptor, αVβ3 integrin, and calnexin, indicating innate activation, enhanced phagocytic capacity, epithelial barrier reinforcement, and adaptive immune coordination. Intestinal transcriptomes showed predominant enrichment of adaptive immune pathways, including the intestinal immune network for immunoglobulin (Ig) production, Forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, with increased expression of T-cell receptor (TCR), inducible T-cell co-stimulator ligand (ICOS-L), C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), and polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR), reflecting T and B cell coordination, lymphocyte trafficking, and mucosal immunoglobulin transport, alongside innate engagement through phagosome pathway enrichment. Shared upregulation of MHC class II, B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, integrin alpha M (ITGAM), and immunoglobulin-associated components across both tissues suggests coordinated mucosal immune activation through a conserved immune module, warranting direct experimental validation. Collectively, these findings provide transcriptomic evidence that this vaccination strategy elicits an integrated, tissue-specialized immune response, advancing mechanistic understanding of gill and intestinal immunity in vaccine-induced protection of teleost fish.

Animals↗