Biomedical subjects

Noboru Goto

Publications and source records attributed to Noboru Goto.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

Differences in the axonal compositions of the human mandibular nerve between dentulous and edentulous jaws.

We examined the human mandibular nerve to find differences in the composition of nerve fiber axons between dentulous and edentulous jaws Using Goto's modification of Masson-Goldner's method. We discovered that the edentulous jaw did not contain any large size axons, compared with the dentulous jaw. This can be considered as evidence that the larger fibers innervating the periodontal ligament decreased degenerated after tooth loss.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

Age-related changes in nerve fibers of the human fasciculus gracilis.

Nerve fibers of the human fasciculus gracilis were studied on 10 male cadavers aged 41-97 years using a discriminative staining method and a microscopic image-analyzing system. Our data show that the transverse areas of axons in the human fasciculus gracilis significantly decrease with age, while no significant correlation was observed between the number of fibers and age.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Human lower limb muscles: an evaluation of weight and fiber size.

Morphological study of the lower limb muscles is necessary for the analysis of muscle function and its relation to the aging process. In this study, we measured the muscle weight and the muscle fiber morphometry (cross-sectional area and total number of muscle fibers at the muscular belly, and muscle fiber size) of the human lower limb in an adult Japanese cadaver (male, 58 years old). The results presented here can provide the normal control data to elucidate the aging process of the human lower limb muscles. The morphological features in the human lower limb muscles were the pronounced enlargement of the gluteus maximus in the hip, the vasti muscles in the thigh and the soleus in the leg.

Humans↗

PubMed2002

Development of the human lateral cuneate nucleus: a morphometric evaluation.

The morphometric development of the human lateral cuneate nucleus was examined in nine fetuses and neonates at 18-40 weeks of gestation, a 2-month-old infant and a 63-year-old adult. The authors observed serial sections of the brain containing lateral cuneate nucleus and measured the volume of nuclear column and the number, cell body area and perimeter of neurons using a microscope with a drawing tube and an image-analyzing computer system. A morphometric evaluation revealed that a turning point in the development of the human lateral cuneate nucleus occurring at 30 WG, as this marks the beginning of a gradual increase in the average area and average perimeter; And it is the point at which the neuropil index suddenly increases sharply, to fall back down to lower levels afterwards. The establishment of a neuronal connection between the lateral cuneate nucleus and the cerebellum, which is necessary for proper performance of movements in the upper part of the body.

Afferent Pathways↗

PubMed2002

Morphometric nerve fiber analysis of the human inferior alveolar nerve: lateral asymmetry.

We studied morphometric nerve fiber analysis and the lateral asymmetry of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN). Human IANs were resected at the mandibular foramen. The preparation of sections involved fixation, washing, dehydration, embedding, sectioning and staining as described in our previous reports. We estimated the average total number of myelinated axons in the right IAN to be 22,808, with an average transverse area of 37.6 microm2, an average perimeter of 23.0 microm, and average circularity ratio of 0.85, with the same measurements in the left IAN being 24,289, 33.9 microm2, 21.6 microm, and 0.86, respectively. Morphological differences between the right and left side were analyzed by applying parametric tests (unpaired t-test) to all measured items. According to these results, the IAN did not demonstrate notable lateral asymmetry in any measured item. We considered that these results were caused by using subjects with the same dentulous condition in both sides.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

Distributions of lesions in hanging suicide brains.

We found a morphological similarity in the distribution of vascular lesions in five hanging suicide brains. The overall findings on the lesions remind us of the venous origin but not of the arterial origin of the blood supply. Morphometric evaluations did not reveal any valuable conclusion. The results of this pathological research may be of clinical importance for the treatment of hanging patients.

Airway Obstruction↗

PubMed2002

Morphometric analysis of the human femoral nerve and its ageing process.

We analysed the sizes of nerve fibres in the human femoral nerve which innervates the quadriceps femoris muscles. The material was taken from 14 cadavers aged from 61 to 97 years. A linear regression analysis disclosed a significant age-related decrease of the mean transverse area of axons. Such decrease with age may be an indication of motoneuron atrophy. Our results could help in the understanding of the correlation between morphology and function during the ageing process.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Growth-inhibitory effect of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor on human pancreatic cancer cells and expression of Bcl-2 family.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most devastating malignant tumors in humans and novel modalities for treatment need to be developed. We studied the mechanism of the growth-inhibitory effect of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-K) inhibitor on human pancreatic cancer cells from the point of view of expression of the Bcl-2 family proteins. Growth of AsPC-1 and COLO-357 human pancreatic cancer cells was inhibited by a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-K) inhibitor, wortmannin, and this growth-inhibitory effect was more marked in medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) than in serum-free medium. In these cells, DNA fragmentation increased with the concentration of wortmannin in a dose-dependent manner. In Panc-1 human pancreatic cancer cells, cell growth and induction of DNA fragmentation were not influenced by treatment with wortmannin at concentrations up to 25 microM. Western blot analysis showed a decrease in expression of BclXL protein in AsPC-1 and COLO-357 cells by treatment with 25 microM wortmannin and this decrease was especially prominent in AsPC-1 cells. On the other hand, the expression of BclXL protein in Panc-1 cells was not influenced by treatment with wortmannin. The expression of BclXS protein was not detected by conventional Western blotting and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax protein was not altered by wortmannin in all three cell lines. Decrease in expression of BclXL protein could be partly involved in the growth-inhibitory effect of the PI 3-K inhibitor, wortmannin, on pancreatic cancer cells. Although the growth of Panc-1 cells was not inhibited by wortmannin, PI 3-K inhibitor could still be one of the candidates for treatment of pancreatic cancer and BclXL could be a target for gene therapy.

Androstadienes↗