Biomedical subjects

Norbert R Kübler

Publications and source records attributed to Norbert R Kübler.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2007

Prospects of micromass culture technology in tissue engineering.

Tissue engineering of bone and cartilage tissue for subsequent implantation is of growing interest in cranio- and maxillofacial surgery. Commonly it is performed by using cells coaxed with scaffolds. Recently, there is a controversy concerning the use of artificial scaffolds compared to the use of a natural matrix. Therefore, new approaches called micromass technology have been invented to overcome these problems by avoiding the need for scaffolds. Technically, cells are dissociated and the dispersed cells are then reaggregated into cellular spheres. The micromass technology approach enables investigators to follow tissue formation from single cell sources to organised spheres in a controlled environment. Thus, the inherent fundamentals of tissue engineering are better revealed. Additionally, as the newly formed tissue is devoid of an artificial material, it resembles more closely the in vivo situation. The purpose of this review is to provide an insight into the fundamentals and the technique of micromass cell culture used to study bone tissue engineering.

Animals↗

PubMed2007

Sinus lifting before Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy: a suitable method for oral rehabilitation of edentulous patients with skeletal class-III conditions: review of the literature and report of a case.

BACKGROUND: Functional rehabilitation of patients afflicted with severe mandibular and maxillary alveolar atrophy might be challenging especially in malformed patients. METHODS: Treatment planning using sinus lifting and implant placement before Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy in a patient with severe mandibular and posterior maxillary alveolar atrophy and skeletal class-III conditions due to cleft palate are described. RESULTS: A full functional and esthetic rehabilitation of the patient was achieved by a stepwise surgical approach performed through sinus lifting as the primary approach followed by implant placement and subsequent Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy to correct the maxillo-mandibular relation. CONCLUSION: Stabilisation of the maxillary complex by a sinus lifting procedure in combination with computer aided implant placement as preorthodontic planning procedure before Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy seems to be suitable in order to allow ideal oral rehabilitation especially in malformed patients.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗

PubMed2005

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor of the mandible: review of the literature and report of a rare case.

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a rare odontogenic tumor which is often misdiagnosed as odontogenic cyst. To acquire additional information about AOT, all reports regarding AOT and cited in "pubmed" since 1990 onward were reviewed. AOT accounts for about 1% until 9% of all odontogenic tumors. It is predominantly found in young and female patients, located more often in the maxilla in most cases associated with an uneruppted permanent tooth. For radiological diagnose the intraoral periapical radiograph seems to be more useful than panoramic. However, AOT frequently resemble other odontogenic lesions such as dentigerous cysts or ameloblastoma. Immunohistochemically AOT is characterized by positive reactions with certain cytokeratins. Treatment is conservative and the prognosis is excellent. For illustration a rare case of an AOT in the mandible is presented.

Adenomatoid Tumor↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cell-based bone reconstruction therapies--cell sources.

Over the last few decades, reconstructive surgery has shifted from a resection-oriented approach toward strategies focusing on repair and regeneration of tissues. As the main aim of maxillofacial reconstruction has been the restoration of bone form and function, surgeons used artificial tissue substitutes in the early decades of bone reconstruction. These artificial materials significantly improved the ability of surgeons to restore the form and, to some extent, the function of defective bones. Despite the fact that every artificial material has specific disadvantages, the use of biomaterials is a common treatment option in clinical practice even today. Due to the more detailed understanding that exists concerning transplantation of cells and tissues, autogenous grafts are the second mainstay in clinical practice. However, the main disadvantage of using autogenous grafts is donor site morbidity and donor shortage. Research is currently in progress into the use of cell-based approaches in reconstructive surgery, since cells are the driving elements for all repair and regeneration processes. Various cell populations have been reported on in the relevant literature. These cells can be classified according to differentiation capacity and the tissue from which they originated. In this review, unrestricted cells, multipotential progenitor cells, determined cells, and genetically modified cells are described systematically, and their advantages as well as limitations are discussed. (More than 50 references.)

Bone and Bones↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cell-based bone reconstruction therapies-principles of clinical approaches.

Cell-based bone tissue engineering is a rapidly evolving therapy option in bone reconstruction strategies. Some cell-driven approaches, especially the biophysical stimulation of the host cell population surrounded by the bone defect, are common treatment methods in maxillofacial surgery. Others, such as autologous cell implantation, have now gained acceptance for clinical trials. More advanced or complex therapeutical options (extracorporeal tissue engineering, stem cell use, genetic engineering) have been tested in preclinical investigations but have not reached the level of clinical use. Two different aspects are of special relevance in cell-based bone reconstruction therapies. The source of cells used to regenerate bone (discussed in detail in a complementary review in this issue of The International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants) as well as the principal approach of a cell-driven bone regeneration therapy influence the outcome of such engineering strategies. All of the cell-driven repair strategies are under intensive investigation in an effort to provide surgeons with a limitless supply of tissue for bone repair and reconstruction in future procedures. An overview of the basic biological aspects as well as the inherent constraints of different cell-based approaches are given in this paper.

Animals↗