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Norman L Keltner

Publications and source records attributed to Norman L Keltner.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Genomic influences on schizophrenia-related neurotransmitter systems.

PURPOSE: (a) to summarize genomic influences in schizophrenia, (b) to review the molecular genetic profile associated with schizophrenia, (c) to summarize the genetic factors affecting dopamine and serotonin neurotransmitter systems, and (d) to list nursing implications for this knowledge. ORGANIZING FRAMEWORK: Schizophrenia and schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, both clustered in families, arise from both genetic and environmental influences. Schizophrenia does not develop from a single genetic mutation but rather from many genetic alterations acting together. CONCLUSIONS: Studies focused on genetic polymorphisms of neurotransmitter systems pique nurses' interest because pharmacological interventions affecting those systems remain the primary approach to treatment. Atypical antipsychotics have in common the ability to antagonize dopaminergic and serotonergic receptors. This review includes the recent discoveries regarding genetic modifications affecting dopamine and serotonin neurotransmitter systems and their potential as a basis for treatment.

Catechol O-Methyltransferase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Biological perspectives. Aripiprazole: a third generation of antipsychotics begins?

Schizophrenia places an incredible burden on patients, families, communities, and governments, therefore intense efforts to find therapeutic responses to this illness continue. The traditional antipsychotics were discovered by chance, the atypical antipsychotics were configured to preserve "what worked" while adding and eliminating important effects, and the next generation continues to evolve in an attempt to improve on previous generations. Aripiprazole is extoled as a new generation of antipsychotic drugs. Information to date suggests it is an effective antipsychotic with a remarkable side effect profile. We are hopeful this drug will provide a relief for the suffering associated with schizophrenia.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The ABCs of psychopharmacology.

The forgoing represents an attempt to reduce psychopharmacology to a presynaptic neuron-synapse-post-synaptic neuron event. Obviously other strategies might be employed resulting in equal or perhaps greater clarity. Limitations of this approach include the lack of discussion about neuronal modulation, second messenger systems (which most NTs discussed here use), expansion of the ion channel discussion, and the implications of excitatory vs. inhibitory physiological effects. Nonetheless, we find this template for understanding psychotropic drug mechanism of action a fruitful lens through which to guide further study of these drugs. We feel like we are moving toward a silver dollar-size circle.

Binding Sites↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The case for atypical antipsychotics in bipolar disorder.

As the opening scenario illustrates about Mary and Bob, bipolar disorder can be devastating to individuals and families. Managing symptoms through psychotropic medications can help people with mental illness better manage their lives. Our brief review of the current research supports the effectiveness of atypical antipsychotic medications and, therefore, supports their use in treating bipolar disorder.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mechanisms and treatments of SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction.

SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction affects 30% to 50% or more of individuals who take these drugs for depression. Biochemical mechanisms suggested as causative include increased serotonin, particularly affecting 5HT2 and 5HT3 receptors; decreased dopamine; blockade of cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic receptors; inhibition of nitric oxide synthetase; and elevation of prolactin levels. Five approaches to treatment include conservative approaches such as wait and see, decrease dosage, and drug holidays. More aggressive strategy for treating SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction are changing antidepressants and augmentation.

Antidepressive Agents↗