Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to O A Costa.
We report on two sisters with cataracts and progressive sensorineural hearing loss, starting in infancy. They were born to consanguineous parents, and there were no similar cases in the family. To our knowledge this is the first report on this autosomal recessive condition. Clinical and genetic aspects are discussed.
School children are regularly tested in Sweden at age 7, 10 and 13. We report the audiometric results of 2264 school children tested at these three ages. Audiometry was performed as hearing screening at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 kHz with a screening level of 20 dBHL. Unilateral hearing losses with one test frequency affected were most common and bilateral hearing losses were least common. The hearing loss was more common in boys than in girls at all ages. Hearing loss at 2 kHz in boys at age 7 were uncharged in most cases (13/17 boys still failing screening at age 13). High frequency losses were most common, particularly at age 10 and 13 and more prevalent in boys than in girls, suggesting early noise induced hearing loss as an etiology.
Four hundred and fifty-seven Brazilian children with secretory otitis media were examined in a five-year period. Three hundred and sixty-nine were followed for various periods of time. Myringotomy and insertion of ventilating tubes (VT) was performed in 79 children. Suppurative otitis media occurred at least once as a complication in 42 (53%) patients with VT. Two children with VT had permanent perforation of ear drums. Two hundred and ninety subjects were treated clinically. Efficacy of the drugs prescribed was not evident. Among these children, 66 (22.8%) had otitis media at least once. Unilateral tympanic perforation as a consequence of otitis media was observed in one case that was treated clinically. The last otological examination revealed that normal ear drums were found in 27% of the male population (59 children) and 38.3% of the female population (59 children).
Children living in two Brazilian institutions were studied otologically and audiologically. Group I comprised 100 children (52 males and 48 females) ranging from 1 year to 2 years and 5 months of age. Group II comprised 50 male children ranging from 4 to 14 years of age. Secretory otitis media was found in 31% of the children (22% of the male population and 9% of the female population) of group I. Suppurative otitis media (17%), perforation of ear drum (2%) and retraction of the ear drum (34% with middle ear pressure more negative than -100 mmH2O) were found in group I. Secretory otitis media (15 subjects, 30% of population) and permanent tympanic perforation (3 cases, 6% of the population) were observed among children of group II. All children under investigation showed delay of speech and language development that could not be correlated to hearing loss.
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