Biomedical subjects

O A Ifere

Publications and source records attributed to O A Ifere.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1991

Prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children with pneumonia in Zaria, Nigeria.

The prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children suffering from pneumonia was investigated, using complement fixation and growth inhibition tests. From the sera of 104 children with pneumonia, 32 (31%) showed a CF titre greater or equal to 1:64, while all the 52 control children of the same age and sex had a CF titre less than 1:16. Children 6-10 years of age had the highest positive titre (41%) while the age groups 3-5 years and 0-2 years had positive titres of 30 and 28%, respectively. Both sexes were equally affected (33% male, 29% female). Mycoplasma pneumoniae was isolated in two children whose CF antibody titres were 1:16. It is concluded that M. pneumoniae plays an important role as an aetiological agent of pneumonia in children in Zaria, Nigeria, and could be included in the routine diagnostic protocol of pneumonia, especially during the dry harmattan months when cases of lobar pneumonia are prevalent.

Bronchopneumonia↗

PubMed1991

Infective endocarditis in children in the Guinea savannah of Nigeria.

Thirty-two children with 33 episodes of infective endocarditis were admitted into the paediatric unit of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria during an 8-year period (January 1982-December 1989). Thirty (94%) had underlying heart disease. Rheumatic heart disease was the pre-existing anomaly in 21 (66%) while congenital cardiac anomalies were detected in nine (28%). Cardiac failure, changing murmur or persisting fever drew attention to the disease. Bacterial isolation was achieved in 19 patients (58%), staphylococci in 11, and salmonella was found in three children. Others included Acinetobacter spp. in two patients, one of whom had a mixed infection involving alpha haemolytic streptococcus whereas three children had Klebsiella, pseudomonas or alpha haemolytic Streptococcus, respectively. Only six patients (18%) recovered. Abscondment rates were high (28%) and overall hospital mortality was 47%. Intractable cardiac failure and neurological complications were the most important events heralding death. There is a need for increased awareness and improved facilities for prompt and effective treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

An open, comparative evaluation of amoxycillin and amoxycillin plus clavulanic acid ('Augmentin') in the treatment of bacterial pneumonia in children.

One hundred children with clinically diagnosed bacterial pneumonia were assigned at random to receive treatment with either amoxycillin (250 or 500 mg) or amoxycillin (250 or 500 mg) plus clavulanic acid (62.5 or 125 mg) 3-times daily, dosage and duration of treatment being determined by the severity of the condition. There were no clinically significant differences between the two groups on entry and the mean duration of treatment was 6.8 days in both. By Day 3 of treatment, significant differences in improvement in chest pain, dyspnoea, pyrexia and sputum production were noted in favour of amoxycillin/clavulanic acid. The response to treatment was significantly better in the combination group with an excellent or good response recorded in 60% and 30% of patients, compared with 26% and 36% in the amoxycillin group. Only 2 adverse reactions were reported, 1 case each of skin rash and diarrhoea in the combined group. The overall clinical efficacy rate of 93.8% in amoxycillin/clavulanic acid-treated patients was significantly better than the 60.4% clinical success recorded in the amoxycillin group.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1989

Congenital heart disease masking pulmonary tuberculosis in children.

A report on 2 patients in whom coexisting pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) was partially masked by signs of congenital heart disease is presented. The cases illustrate the difficulties in making a diagnosis of PTB in such situation and highlight the need for a high index of suspicion.

Child↗

PubMed1988

Heteropagus: a case report.

A rare case of heteropagus is reported. An apparently normal female neonate presented with a mass in the lumbosacral area which bore an additional limb, a pair of breasts with nipples and aerola, and an anus with a blind pouch. The mass with the appendages was successfully removed by surgery and the baby is progressing normally.

Female↗