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O A Manicheva

Publications and source records attributed to O A Manicheva.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[The specific features of bacterial isolation and drug resistance of Mycobacteria in extrapulmonary tuberculosis].

The reduced viability and enzymatic activity of the pathogen from the foci of extrapulmonary tuberculosis are twice more frequently than those in pulmonary tuberculosis. The isolation of mycobacterial L-forms and the use of polymerase chain reaction significantly enhance the efficiency of the etiological diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. There are extremely poor trends for drug resistance to develop in mycobacteria, in 2005 the rate of which was 92.5% in pulmonary tuberculosis and 83.4% in extrapulmonary tuberculosis. However, multidrug resistance is much less common in extrapulmonary tuberculosis than in pulmonary tuberculosis; the rates were 33.9 and 73.9%, respectively. Levofloxacin resistance was also completely preserved so the reserves for the treatment of extrapulmonary tuberculosis are higher than those in pulmonary tuberculosis.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed2006

[Elastic materials in surgery for inflammatory diseases of the vertebral column].

When 17 patients were surgically treated for spinal tuberculosis and osteomyelitis, anterior spine fusion was performed by A. Ye. Garbuz's procedure that was based on the replacement of a spinal defect by a carbon-carbonic implant that had rifampicin containers in the frontal sections, as well as by autologous bone grafts. The carbon-carbonic implants reliably fix an operated spinal portion, prevent the progression of kyphotic deformity, and create good conditions for autologous bone grafts to knit. An osteocarbonic block forms in the late postoperative period.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[More rapid detection of multidrug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the use of a semiliquid culture medium].

The paper the results of assays of 649 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains for their drug resistance, by applying the Soton semiliquid medium, which were conducted in 1999 to 2004. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay of the strains for their resistance to streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol have been estimated. These are 89.9 and 97.1%, 96.3 and 87.4%, 95.8 and 93.1%, and 65.8 and 89.2%, respectively. On day 7, resistance to streptomycin, isoniazid, and rifampicin was found by the semiliquid medium in 90.2% of the cases of 325 multidrug-resistant strains. Multidrug resistance could be determined in 80.2% of the strains by the first signs of their growth, i.e. on days 3-5. The proposed method is cost-effective and accessible to any practical laboratory.

Culture Media↗
PubMed2003

[Accelerated determination of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance with a semiliquid culture medium].

A medium was worked out whose consistence is close to liquid ones (the terminal concentration of agar-agar is 0.08%) and which enable a visual registration of growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) on days 3-4 after culture inoculation. The medium is based on the liquid synthetic medium of Soton, which is added 0.35% of nutrition agar and 10% (medium 1) or 25% (medium 2) of horse serum. The elaborated semi-liquid medium was used simultaneously with the standard method of absolute concentrations base on Levenstein-Jensen's medium to determine the drug resistance of 294 MBT clinical strains. The highest coincidence rate of results, in percent, was found for medium 2: for streptomycin--90.1%, for isoniazid--96.7%, and for rifampycin--96.3%, therefore, the mentioned medium can be referred to as an optimal one in a fast determination of the MBT resistance to three main anti-TB drugs. The deadline of registering the results for sensitive strains is 7 days, and for resistant strains it is 3-4 days, i.e. after the onset of primary growth signs.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed2003

[Accelerated determination of blood bacteriostatic activity in patients with tuberculosis by using the semiliquid culture medium].

Blood bacteriostatic activity (BBA) was studied in 87 patients with respiratory tuberculosis. Clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) strains and different culture media, such as solid (Löwenstein-Jensen and Middlebrook), liquid (modified Soton) and semiliquid (SM developed for accelerated determination of drug resistance in MBT) media were used. With isoniazid-resistance of MBT, the use of solid media yielded underestimated BBA. The SM medium based on the Soton medium added by 0.35% of culture agar and 25% equine serum was optimal, which provided evidence for BBA on day 7 (visual recording of MBT growth). Examination of BBA by means of SM revealed a clear inverse correlation between the degree of BBA and the bacteriological parameters of sputum study. The small numbers of sputum MBT cultures (a high correlation, r = -0.88; p = 0.01) and short bacterial isolation (average correlation, r = -0.65; p = 0.01) corresponded to the high values of BBA.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed2003

[Pulmonary tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis of different genotypes].

A relationship of the clinical picture of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis to the genotype, drug resistance, and virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) strains was studied. As compared with the processes induced by individual genotypes, pulmonary tuberculosis caused by MBT from the family Beijing was found to be characterized by more marked clinical symptoms, multisegmental lung tissue lesions with multiple decay cavities, by low bacteriostatic blood activity, abundant bacterial isolation, and progression. MBT of the Beijing genotype were characterized by higher rates of resistance to antituberculous drugs and their combinations than were the strains of individual genotypes; they have a high virulence, which is likely to enhance their transmissibility and to determine the poor course of a specific process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Some aspects of determination of the sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to ethambutol using a semiliquid medium].

In addition to the earlier developed rapid technique for determining the drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) to essential antituberculous drugs by using semiliquid medium (SLM), the author proposes a procedure for determining their resistance to ethambutol. She shows it necessary to use the drug only as a powder. The mean minimum suppressing concentrations of ethambutol in the semiliquid medium have been determined for stock cultures, sensitive and resistant strains, which are 3.5 +/- 2.5, 4.5 +/- 1.4, 8.5 +/- 1.6 micrograms/ml. Parallel determination of the sensitivity of 91 MBT strains by using the standard Löwenstein-Jensen medium and SLM has yielded the optimum concentration of ethambutol (5 micrograms/ml), which is marked by the highest (84.4%) percent of coincidence of results.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed2001

[Blood bacteriostatic activity in patients with respiratory tuberculosis].

Vertical diffusion on the Löwenstein-Jensen medium was used to study blood bacteriostatic activity (BBA) in 174 patients with respiratory tuberculosis in relation to the drug resistance of isolated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) strains and to the course of a tuberculous process. There was a clear relationship of BBA to the sensitivity of MT cultures to isoniazid: BAC was high and moderate in 90.8-98.2% of cases if strain drug sensitivity was present and low or null in 98% with drug resistance. The high and medium values of BBA correlated with the clinical indices "improvement" and "significant improvement". Patients with zero and lower values of BBA and isoniazid resistance showed a progressive specific process in 22.0% of cases. Estimation of total BBA by using liquid media is the most informative method.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1998

[Diagnostic values of polymerase chain reaction test in females with genital tuberculosis].

The previously offered procedure for detecting. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), has been tested for diagnosing genital tuberculosis in females. PCR was used to examine endometrial curettage specimens in 44 patients with different nosological entities, which showed a high sensitivity (80%) and a high specificity in the diagnosis of genital tuberculosis.

DNA, Bacterial↗
PubMed1998

[Biological features and problems in detection of extrapulmonary tuberculosis pathogen].

The viability, enzymatic activity and Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance was compared in pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. To decrease oxygen in the culture medium baseline values and to use various oxidants as protectors were shown to be promising in enhancing the efficiency of cultural diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1998

[Evaluation of complex therapy efficiency for urogenital tuberculosis].

It is most expedient to develop effective modes of improving the etiotropic therapy of urogenital tuberculosis, by applying the multipronged approach which includes chemoenzyme therapy with native and immobilized terrilytine, enhanced activity of basic tuberculostatic agents through their combination with nonspecific antibiotics and the use of helium-neon laser, and delivery of drugs just to the focus of tuberculous inflammation by endolymphatic injection.

Amylases↗
PubMed1997

[Microbial flora in spinal hematogenous osteomyelitis].

The analysis of microbic flora of the pus and granulations of 155 patients, operated on hematogenic osteomyelitis of vertebral column. The microbic agents were detected in 81.2% of the patients in subacute stage of the disease, in 48.5% of the patients with chronic stage and duration of the disease less than one year, and in 74.3% of the patients with the duration of the disease exceeding one year. In all cases monoculture was detected with the domination of Staphilococcus (69.2%-83.0%). A comparative analyses of the rate of penetration of the infective agents into the spongeous bone of a damaged vertebra. In case of resection of one third of the height of a vertebra the frequency of detection of an infective agent in subacute stage of a disease decreases 2 times, and in chronic stage-in 4 times. These data provides an opportunity of verification of indications for the surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Determining dehydrogenase activity as a method of accelerated indication of the viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis].

A comparative effectiveness of mycobacterial dehydrogenase activity (DHA) determination was studied with the help of the following stains: methylene blue, malachite green and tetrazole derivative--triphenyl tetrazole chloride (TTC). Best result were obtained with TTC tests which allowed a reliable registration of M. tuberculosis culture viability. On the basis of indication of M. tuberculosis viability by DHA, accelerated techniques were developed to determine mycobacterial drug resistance to the main antituberculous preparations and blood bacteriostatic activity. These techniques are available for practical laboratories, economical and safe in work.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Method of assessing the effect of preparations on the ulcerogenic action of reserpine in mice].

A method for intraperitoneal (2.5 mg/kg) or enteral (10 mg/kg) administration of reserpine to mice with subsequent keeping for 2 hours at a temperature of 7 degrees C and for 16 hours at a temperature maintained at the animal house has been suggested to induce lesions of the glandular part of the stomach. The lesions have been subjected to histological study. The influence of cooling, fasting and the animals' sex on the formation of lesions has been examined. It has been established by the method suggested that iproniazid almost completely prevents ulcerogenous action of reserpine, while atropine and ephedrine have pronounced protective properties. Of the flavonoids, quercetin has been found to manifest marked protective activity. It was more effective than hyperoxide or quercetin 3'-glucoside. Rutin has not averted lesions in the stomach. The method deserves attention since it enables one to evaluate antialterative activity of the minimal doses of the drugs with the different mechanism of action.

Animals↗