PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

O Axelson

Publications and source records attributed to O Axelson.

196 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Background radiation, electrical work, and some other exposures associated with acute myeloid leukemia in a case-referent study.

The effect of potential risk factors for acute myeloid leukemia was evaluated in a case-referent study encompassing 59 cases and 354 referents, all of whom were alive. Information on exposure was obtained through a questionnaire mailed to the subjects. The possible effect of background radiation was evaluated by means of a gamma radiation index, which accounted for the differences between cases and referents in this respect, i.e., in time spent in concrete buildings both at home and at work places. In the 20-54 yr old age group, there was an association between leukemia morbidity and index of background radiation. X-ray treatment and electrical work were also associated with increased rate ratios. With regard to solvents, only styrene appeared as a risk factor, but the number of exposed subjects was small. Other exposures were less clearly associated with increased risks.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute myeloid leukemia and background radiation in an expanded case-referent study.

A case-referent study that investigated possible associations between environmental and occupational exposures and acute myeloid leukemia was performed on 86 cases and 172 referents, all of whom were living. Exposure information was obtained through a questionnaire mailed to each subject. An association was found between time spent in concrete buildings at home and work and leukemia morbidity. In addition, extensive x-ray examinations that occurred more than 5 y prior to diagnosis were more common among cases than referents.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aspects of confounding and effect modification in the assessment of occupational cancer risk.

In occupational health epidemiology, the confounding effects of general risk factors such as smoking and alcohol abuse with regard to cancer and other disorders seem to be rather limited. It is desirable to control such risk factors whenever possible, however, but risk ratios of about two or more can rarely be explained by suggesting uncontrolled confounding. However, various general risk factors might modify the effect of an industrial exposure, a phenomenon that sometimes tends to confuse the discussion of etiologic relationships between exposure and outcome.

Epidemiologic Methods↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Arsenic compounds and cancer.

Exposure to arsenic compounds has been epidemiologically associated with various types of cancers, particularly cancer of the lung among copper smelters and pesticide workers, whereas skin cancers and liver angiosarcomas have been associated with ingestion of arsenic for treatment of skin disorders, especially psoriasis. Attempts to reproduce cancer in animals have been mainly unsuccessful, however. Experimental evidence suggests that arsenic inhibits DNA repair; this might help to explain the somewhat conflicting observations from epidemiologic studies and animal experiments with regard to carcinogenicity, and perhaps also cardiovascular morbidity related to arsenic exposure.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chlorinated hydrocarbons and cancer: epidemiologic aspects.

Available epidemiologic information related to halogenated hydrocarbons and cancer is reviewed. Many chlorinated hydrocarbons, both pesticides and solvents, have been shown to possess mutagenic or carcinogenic properties in bacterial test systems and animal experiments. Rather few substances have been associated with human cancer, but relatively few studies have been conducted.

Anesthetics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Occupational risk factors for renal cell cancer. An Italian case-control study.

AIM: To examine possible associations between occupational and environmental risk factors and renal cell cancer (RCC), a tumour with unclear aetiology and increasing incidence. METHODS: A questionnaire-based case-control study of 100 histologically verified cases of RCC and 200 controls was conducted at Parma University Hospital. The control group was enrolled from patients attending different outpatient departments and represented the same residential area as the cases. For all exposure variables under study, two levels of duration were defined: "short" and "prolonged" for less than 10 years or more, respectively. RESULTS: The highest risk estimates for RCC were found for "prolonged" exposure to organic solvents with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.2 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.0-4.8). "Prolonged" exposures to pesticides and copper sulphate were also associated with increased risk, OR 2.0 (95% CI: 0.8-4.7) and OR 2.7 (95% CI: 1.3-5.5), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggests an association between RCC and exposure to organic solvents, pesticides and copper sulphate. A risk gradient as a function of exposure duration was found for organic solvents (p = 0.044) and copper sulphate (p = 0.036), but not for pesticides.

Aged↗