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O Chosidow

Publications and source records attributed to O Chosidow.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Recurrent erysipelas: 47 cases.

BACKGROUND: Recurrence is a common complication of erysipelas (cellulitis). OBJECTIVES: Todescribe the characteristics of patients with recurrent erysipelas and thereby, identify potential risk factors and evaluate prophylaxis efficacy. METHODS: Data were retrospectively recorded from the files of 47 patients admitted to hospital between 1995 and 2003 for erysipelas recurrence. Studied variables included: general condition, regional and local factors, e.g. broken cutaneous barrier. Patient characteristics were used to construct tree-based models according to the classification and regression tree methodology. RESULTS: Our patients suffered a mean of 4.1 recurrences. Cutaneous barrier disruption was observed in 81%, mainly intertrigo (60%). Antibiotic prophylaxis was taken by 68% of the patients for 30.6 months. After 1 and 2 years, 84 and 72% of the patients, respectively, were recurrence-free. CONCLUSION: Our results showed that erysipelas recurrence has the same risk factors as single episodes and underlines the potential benefit of oral or parenteral antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent recurrences.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Skin signs associated with epidermal growth factor inhibitors].

BACKGROUND: Inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) constitute a new alternative treatment for patients presenting certain advanced stage solid cancers (bowel, breast, ovary). Adverse cutaneous effects of these drugs are now starting to be described. OBSERVATIONS: Our study involved 2 men and 2 women with no previous history of acne included in a treatment protocol comprising EGFR inhibitors. Mean age was 52 years. The primary cancers were breast, ovary, bowel and unidentified. The EGFR inhibitors used were gefitinib (ZD1839) (2 cases), carnetinib (Cl1033) and cetuximab (IMC-C225). Skin lesions appeared after 7 days and included erythematous papules and follicular pustules of the face, back and upper chest. No comedons were seen, and there were no nodules or cysts. The severity of the rash resulted in discontinuation of treatment in 2 patients with complete disappearance of skin lesions in both cases. In one patient, reduction of the dosage of gefitinib (IMC-C225) led to gradual resolution of the rash. Histological examination of papules and pustules concluded on an acute suppurative folliculitis. Smears and cultures ofa nasal lesion and pustules revealed coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus in 2 patients. Combined doxycycline 100 mg daily and benzoyl peroxide was prescribed for 3 months and a favourable outcome was achieved after a mean 2 weeks. DISCUSSION: EGFR inhibitors act by inhibiting mechanisms oftumour proliferation in certain cancers at advanced stages or refractory to other treatments. Our findings in these four patients are similar to the published cases in terms of rapid onset of monomorphous, papulopustular, follicular eruption without comedons. Rapid response to cyclines and benzoyl peroxide is also reported in literature. This treatment must be instituted rapidly and patients must be informed about the cutaneous side-effects of EGFR inhibitors before the start of therapy. The pathophysiology of these eruptions is still unknown. Skin signs are probably due to interaction with EGFR functions, including overexpression of EGFR in keratinocytes and hair follicles.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Bullous pemphigoid in young patients: a retrospective study of 74 cases].

INTRODUCTION: Bullous pemphigoid usually affects elderly people. Only a few isolated cases among people younger than 65 years have been reported. OBJECTIVES: Describe the clinical and biological characteristics of patients younger than 60 years suffering from bullous pemphigoid, compare them with the usual characteristics known among elderly people and search for potential pathological associations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective, national, multicenter study. Clinical, biological and histological characteristics were recorded with a standardised questionnaire as well as treatments and associated pathologies. RESULTS: Seventy-four cases of bullous pemphigoid diagnosed between June 1970 and March 2002 were analyzed. Mean age at the beginning of the disease was 46 +/- 11.6 years. Further explorations by indirect immunofluorescence of separated skin and/or immuno-electron microscopy and/or immunoblotting were performed for 42 patients (56.8 p. 100). Clinical characteristics among this restricted population were comparable to those found among the 32 other cases. Compared to usual data on bullous pemphigoid in elderly people, we observed a greater proportion of extensive form of disease (75 p. 100), a more frequent head and neck involvement (39.2 p. 100) and an overexpression of anti-BP180 autoantibodies (48 p. 100). Neoplasm was notified for 7 patients (9.5 p. 100), 18 (24.3 p. 100) suffered from a pathology of the basement membrane zone (6 psoriasis, 6 atopic dermatitis and 6 lichen) and 13 from neurological disease, among which 4 were bedridden. Fourty-six patients (62.2 p. 100) received drugs for the long term (mean 2.12 +/- 2.43), 4 patients were treated by PUVAtherapy and 2 by radiotherapy. DISCUSSION: Our results suggest that bullous pemphigoid among young people is more severe and more active than the usual form in the elderly. This particular form could be the result of a higher expression of anti-BP180 autoantibodies, which are considered as a marker of poor prognosis in this disease. We also found a high frequency of pathological associations and physical treatment, all responsible for damage to the basement membrane zone, which can involve auto-immunization against hemidesmosome components.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Ophthalmologic prevention of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine induced retinopathy].

INTRODUCTION: Antimalarial drugs induce severe retinal toxicity. The aims of this study were to evaluate the strategy of screening clinical and preclinical intoxication due to antimalarial agents in two centres of reference and to describe the results of ophthalmologic examination. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients referred for ophthalmologic evaluation in connection with antimalarial agents therapy in the Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts from October 1999 to December 2000 and in the Hôpital Lariboisière from January 1995 to December 1998 were investigated. A retrospective review of results of ophthalmologic examination, electroretinogram, electro-oculogram, colour vision test and central visual field was conducted to assess retinal intoxication. RESULTS: Among 705 patients recruited in the Centre des Quinze-Vingts, 10 out of 133 who were never treated had an electrophysiological contra-indication to the treatment. Among the 572 other patients, 31 presented with preclinical intoxication (5.4 p. 100) and 8 other patients presented with clinical intoxication. Among 925 patients recruited in the Hôpital Lariboisière, 37 presented with preclinical intoxication (4 p. 100) and four patients presented with clinical intoxication. DISCUSSION: The antimalarial drugs clinical intoxication is rare but nevertheless real. Screening for preclinical intoxication can prevent the evolution toward irreversible retinal intoxication. Diagnosis of preclinical intoxication is established through the confrontation of results of different tests and their evolution. The multifocal electroretinogram remains to be evaluated. CONCLUSION: Ophthalmologic monitoring including funduscopy, should be recommended at least once a year. Visual field seems to become interesting in the screening. Electroretinogram and electro-oculogram remain useful quantitative and obvious tests. A prospective study to assess the optimal way to prevent retinal intoxication is mandatory.

Antimalarials↗
PubMed2005

Cloxacillin versus pristinamycin for superficial pyodermas: a randomized, open-label, non-inferiority study.

BACKGROUND: Superficial pyodermas may require systemic antibiotics. In a previous open-label trial, oxacillin and pristinamycin achieved similar cure rates, but its design was not truly that of a non-inferiority study. OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and safety of oral cloxacillin versus pristinamycin (both 2 g/day) to treat superficial pyodermas. METHODS: Multicentre, parallel-group, open-label, randomized non-inferiority trial. RESULTS: French general practitioners in private practice included 334 out-patients (mean age: 42 years). At the follow-up (day 14), the cure rates (primary efficacy end point) for the intent-to-treat populations were 80.7% (138/171) for cloxacillin and 82.8% (135/163) for pristinamycin. The observed difference between cure rates was -2.1%, with the lower limit of the two-sided 95% confidence interval higher than the non-inferiority threshold of -15%. The per-protocol analysis yielded similar results. Therapy was discontinued for 10 patients (cloxacillin: 1, pristinamycin: 9; p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Cloxacillin could be an alternative to pristinamycin in out-patients with superficial pyodermas.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2004

[Topical corticosteroids].

Therapeutics in dermatology underwent complete change after the introduction of topical hydrocortisone in the Fifties. At the time, stronger derivatives than hydrocortisone were synthetised and the indications for topical corticosteroids were expanded. Around twenty different molecules, classified according to their strength, are currently available for prescription in France. Many inflammatory or tumoral skin diseases respond to these products. The choice of a topical corticosteroid (strength, vehicle.) and of its mode of application (technique, rhythm of application) is oriented by the context (dermatitis treated, localization) and must respect "Good clinical practice" guidelines so as to select the best benefit/risk ratio.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2004

[Relationship between clinical findings of patients with bullous pemphigoid and antigens recognized by their circulating antibasement membrane zone antibodies].

INTRODUCTION: Clinical features and extent of bullous pemphigoid lesions differed widely among patients. The pathogenic role of anti-BPAG2 antibodies has been recently demonstrated. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between clinical features of bullous pemphigoid patients and the antigens recognized by their serum. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred and twelve bullous pemphigoid patients were included in this prospective multicenter study. Inclusion criteria were the following: 1) diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid established on the presence of 3 of the 4 clinical features of bullous pemphigoid, histological picture of bullous pemphigoid and positive direct immunofluorescence; 2) serum available for immunoblotting studies. The clinical and biological findings were prospectively recorded on standard forms. Sera were collected and analyzed using indirect immunofluorescence and immunoblotting on human epidermal extracts. RESULTS: Analysis of patient's clinical features depending on the antigens recognized by their serum showed that patients whose serum contained anti-BPAG1 antibodies had more frequently pruritus, blisters on the lower limbs and a positive indirect immunofluorescence. Patients whose serum contained anti-BPAG2 antibodies had blisters more frequently localized on the head, and a more frequently negative indirect immunofluorescence. Patients whose serum was negative by immunoblotting had less frequently urticarial and/or eczematous lesions, bullae less frequently localized on the lower part of the trunk, abdomen and lower limbs, lower eosinophilia and a more frequently negative indirect immunofluorescence. CONCLUSION: Patients with circulating anti-BPAG1 antibodies exhibited the most typical, clinical and biological features of bullous pemphigoid.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

[Disulone].

For 60 years, dapsone has been used as a both antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agent. Dapsone (4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone, DDS) continues to be used successfully to treat a wide range of dermatologic disorders, notably those characterized by abnormal neutrophil and eosinophil polynuclear accumulation. A considerable number of other inflammatory as well as bullous dermatoses, of which dermatitis herpetiformis is the best known, have been shown to respond in varying degrees to dapsone, although the indication for the molecule has not been demonstrated in of them all. This article reviews current knowledge on the pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action and side effects of dapsone in dermatology. Despite the lack of controlled studies, the aim of this study is to specify and classify the pathological states in which disulone could be indicated.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed2004

Clinical criteria for the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid: a reevaluation according to immunoblot analysis of patient sera.

BACKGROUND: We previously proposed a set of 4 clinical criteria for the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid (BP) that consisted of age greater than 70 years, absence of atrophic scars, absence of mucosal involvement and absence of predominant bullous lesions on the neck and head. These results have been challenged because direct immunoelectron microscopy (IEM), which was used as the standard diagnostic criterion in our initial study, does not identify the different antigens of the basement membrane zone. OBJECTIVE: To reassess the validity of these clinical criteria for the diagnosis of BP using immunoblot analysis of patient sera as the main diagnostic criterion, in order to precisely identify the antigens recognized by patient sera. METHODS: One hundred and eighty-nine sera from patients with various subepidermal autoimmune blistering diseases (AIBDs) were tested by immunoblotting using dermal and epidermal extracts. IEM was used as a complementary diagnostic procedure in a few patients whose serum recognized BPAG2 exclusively or was negative in immunoblotting. RESULTS: 142 patients (75%) had at least 3 of the 4 clinical diagnostic criteria. Sera from patients who lacked the set of BP clinical criteria were more frequently immunoblot negative (34%) than sera from patients who had the criteria (18%; p = 0.025). BPAG1 was more frequently recognized by sera from patients with the set of BP clinical criteria (78%) than by sera from patients without the criteria (45%; p = 5.10(-4)). In contrast, BPAG2 was recognized by a great number of sera from patients who lacked the criteria of BP (71%), which was in accordance with the presence of numerous patients with cicatricial pemphigoid in this group. Among patients with various subepidermal AIBDs, the diagnosis of BP could be made with a sensitivity of 86%, a specificity of 90% and an excellent prognostic positive value over 95%, if 3 of these clinical criteria were present. CONCLUSION: These results confirm the interest of this set of clinical criteria for the rapid diagnosis of BP.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Valaciclovir as a single dose during prodrome of herpes facialis: a pilot randomized double-blind clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Randomized clinical trials of valaciclovir in recurrent herpes labialis are lacking. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether a single course of valaciclovir, i.e. 500, 1000 or 2000 mg, administered during the prodrome of herpes facialis, could be beneficial. METHODS: Three hundred and forty-five out-patients with herpes labialis were screened and randomized for a multicentre, double-blind clinical trial. Ninety-six patients had no recurrence after 6 months of follow-up; 249 patients were finally included in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population. The main outcome measure was the rate of aborted episodes at day 3. The three treatment groups were similar at baseline. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in rates of aborted lesions at day 3 in the ITT population, in particular between the 500 mg and 2000 mg treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: Although a placebo group was not included in this pilot study, a single dose of valaciclovir was not considered beneficial in patients with recurrent herpes facialis.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed2003

Lithium gluconate 8% vs ketoconazole 2% in the treatment of seborrhoeic dermatitis: a multicentre, randomized study.

BACKGROUND: Lithium significantly improved seborrhoeic dermatitis symptoms in comparison with placebo. Objectives This randomized controlled trial was designed to show a non-inferiority of 15% (primary end-point) of lithium gluconate 8% ointment compared with ketoconazole 2% emulsion. METHODS: The study population comprised out-patients who had facial seborrhoeic dermatitis for at least 2 months, with moderate to severe erythema and desquamation at inclusion. The primary end-point was complete remission, defined as the disappearance of both erythema and desquamation. The non-inferiority of lithium was assessed on the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the difference between treatments. RESULTS: The intent-to-treat analysis (ITT) involved 288 patients and the per protocol (PP) analysis 269 patients. Treatment groups were comparable at baseline on age, sex, disease duration and symptoms. For the main criterion, the success rate was 52.0% (lithium) vs. 30.1% (ketoconazole) in the ITT population and 53.2% (lithium) vs. 30.7% (ketoconazole) in the PP population. The non-inferiority of lithium was demonstrated with differences of 21.9% (95% CI 10.0-33.7%) and 22.5% (95% CI 10.2-34.8%), respectively, in the ITT and PP population. As the lower limit of the 95% CI was > 0, the superiority of lithium was shown. Lithium also showed better results on other symptoms: burning and dryness. Adverse events were reported by 26.3% (lithium) and 25% (ketoconazole) of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Lithium was 22% more effective than ketoconazole in giving complete remission of seborrhoeic dermatitis, with comparable safety.

Adolescent↗