Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to O E Schnaudigel.
The authors found the following defects in sterile-packed intraocular lenses, ready for implantation: the positioning holes had sharp edges; the lens surfaces were scratched from polishing and drilling; the lens loops were distinctly deformed. Following a description of these defects the possible clinical complications are discussed.
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Electroretinograms (P-ERG) and cortical potentials (P-VECP) evoked by checkerboard patterns were examined in patients with defects of the ganglion cell and nerve fiber layers due to glaucoma. Only a few patients exhibited a prolonged latency in the P-VECP, whereas in the P-ERG all patients with papillary and visual field defects revealed a significantly attenuated amplitude. Since there is a substantial fluctuation in the assessment of papillary excavation and visual field, the P-ERG offers a further means of evaluating and follow-up of retinal function in glaucoma patients.
Electroretinographic responses to pattern-reversal stimuli (P-ERG) were recorded in eight patients with protracted elevation of intraocular pressure. Pressures of bigger than 30 mm Hg result in marked amplitude reductions in the P-ERG. The observed changes probably reflect the impaired function of retinal ganglion cells caused by decreased oxygen supply.
Electroretinographic responses of 9 eyes severely affected by glaucoma showed a reduction in amplitude on stimulation with pattern reversal, but normal amplitudes following stimulation with light flashes. Thus, the pattern-reversal electroretinogram offers a further means of evaluating the function of retinal ganglion cells and their nerve fibers. In addition, the authors' results also suggest that flash and pattern-reversal electroretinograms are generated by different retinal structures.
The present paper reports on results obtained in 442 eyes which were followed up 3 to 9 years after goniotrepanation for various forms of glaucoma. The overall success rate in cases of primary glaucoma was 93 to 97%, with only a small number of intraoperative and postoperative complications; there were no severe complications such as visual field loss or endophthalmitis.
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In 1943 a 3 year-old-girl with hard star-like nuclear cataracts in both eyes underwent surgery. The white star-like nuclear remnants remained unchanged in the anterior chamber for more than 20 years. The son of this patient had the same rare cataract; surgery was performed on both eyes with practically the same results.
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Since 1977 intraocular lenses of 4 different types have been implanted in a total of 963 eyes at Frankfurt University Eye Clinic: the 4-loop lens (Binkhorst), the 2-loop lens (Binkhorst) and the posterior chamber lenses designed by Shearing and Simcoe. Implantation of a posterior chamber lens after extracapsular cataract extraction produced very good results with no severe complications.
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The recording of visually evoked cortical potentials in response to pattern stimuli of different brightness contrast permits functional examination of the optic nerve. This procedure has already been shown to be useful in inflammatory diseases of the optic nerve. Clinical case studies are presented showing that optic atrophies, independent of their etiology, can be ascertained by visually evoked cortical potentials elicited by pattern stimuli, occasionally also by the application of homogeneous light flashes (brightness responses). The technique is shown to be useful especially in early stages of disorders of the optic nerve.
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In acute primary glaucoma tangential distortion of the iris in the pupillary zones are often seen. The reason for these iris changes has not yet been satisfactorily explained.
In histological examinations with serial sections an open trephination hole and a persistent slitlike space between the scleral flap and the sclera were found up to 17 months after Elliot-Fronimopoulos goniotrephination with scleral flap. This condition could be the "parathalamus" described by Fronimopoulos et al.