Biomedical subjects

O Emhart

Publications and source records attributed to O Emhart.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

[Sinusitis].

Most frequently sinusitis in children is ethmoidal and maxillary in location by developmental reasons. Local symptoms include nasal obstruction and discharge, local pain and headache. Diagnosis is based on due consideration to signs and symptoms, microscopy, transillumination and x Ray examination. Treatment must be conservative, based on bed rest, analgesics, antibacterials, juditions use of local vasoconstrictor drugs and heat. Chronic forms may need surgical management. Frontoethmoidal mucocele and frontal osteomyelitis are frequent subjects of pitfalls and acute maxillary osteomyelitis is an important complication.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Trauma and other nasal lesions].

Nasal fracture is frequent in children as well as secondary hematoma and nasal septum abscess. Their prompt and appropriate treatment is stressed. Nasal septum deviation may be caused by unequal development of the nose or by trauma, this late being frequently inadverted in small children. Surgical repair of nasal septum deviation should be undertaken only if it causes significant obstruction to air flow and after complete nasal development has occurred. Epistaxis is one of the most prominent problems in nasal pathology, its managements with anterior and posterior nasal occlusive dressings is described. Congenital bilateral choanal atresia is a medical emergency: even thought tracheostomy may be a life saving procedure, surgical intra nasal resection of the atresic segment is encouraged.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Rhinitis].

Acute rhinitis is an acute inflammatory disease affecting nasal mucous membranes, most frequently caused by viral infections. Complications include secondary bacterial invasion. Treatment is mainly symptomatic. Antibiotics should be prescribed only when significant bacterial infection is demonstrated. Local vasoactive drugs should not be used but occasionally their oral administration can be effective. Hypertrophic and atrophic forms may be differentiated among chronic rhinitis. Hypertrophic forms include congestive, hiperplastic and allergic lesions of nasal and sinus mucous membranes. Allergic rhinitis should be treated with antihistamines, descongestants and avoidance of allergen. The atrophic forms with crust formation and foul breath are usually managed with local flushings of 9% sodium chloride in water followed by instillation of fluid vaseline, but in some resistant cases reduction of intranasal space by surgical insertion of acrylic pieces is recommended. Nasal obstruction, foul odor, dryness sensation and headache are usually controlled in 90% of these surgically treated patients.

Humans↗