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Biomedical subjects

O Fall

Publications and source records attributed to O Fall.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Effects of routine one-stage ultrasound screening in pregnancy: a randomised controlled trial.

4997 of 7354 pregnant women had no clinical indication for an elective ultrasound examination at 12 weeks' gestation. 2482 of these women were randomly selected for ultrasound screening at 15 weeks and the remainder received the same standard antenatal care without the scan. Labour was less often induced among screened women both for all reasons (5.9% vs 9.1%, p less than 0.0001) and for suspected post-term pregnancy (1.7% vs 3.7%, p less than 0.0001). Earlier detection of twins had no effect on neonatal outcome. Among babies born to screened women, fewer were of birthweight less than 2500 g (59 vs 95, p = 0.005) and mean birthweight was 42 g higher (p 0.008). For babies born to screened women who smoked it was 75 g higher (p 0.012) and for those of non-smokers 26 g (not significant). The reason for the differences in mean birthweight could be that screened women reduced smoking in response to watching their fetus on the scan.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Forceps or vacuum extraction? A comparison of effects on the newborn infant.

Sixteen women delivered by forceps and 20 women delivered by vacuum extraction (VE) owing to secondary uterine inertia were compared with a control group of 11 women who gave birth spontaneously. The cord arterial pH was lower in the VE group than in the forceps and control groups. Base deficit in both arterial and venous cord blood was greater in the VE group than in the forceps group, probably owing to the longer application and extraction times in VE than in forceps delivery. The incidence of retinal hemorrhage did not differ between the forceps and VE groups. The incidence of cephalhematomata was greater among VE infants than in the forceps and control groups. All infants were examined on the 1st and 5th day by standardized neurological and behavioural examination. There were no significant differences in neurological status between the forceps and VE groups. Thus, in low extraction with no signs of fetal asphyxia, either method can be used with safety if the obstetrician is familiar with both methods of operative vaginal delivery.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Time factor in oxygen transfer from mother to fetus.

The time factor in the oxygen transfer from mother to fetus was studied by the tcPO2 technique. When a fairly constant fetal circulation made estimation possible, the decrease in fetal tcPO2 synchronous with and due to the uterine contractions in more than 400 events was always delayed 50--60 sec. Since the time lag in the increase in fetal tcPO2 following administration of pure oxygen to the mother was found to be of the same order of magnitude, the placental part of the delay in the oxygen transfer from mother to fetus can be assumed to be 50--60 sec. This determination supports the prevalent hypothesis that type II dips or late decelerations in the fetal heart rate are caused by hypoxia while type I dips or early decelerations are initiated by other factors.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Integrated interpretation of fetal heart rate, intrauterine pressure and fetal transcutaneous PO2.

By a study of the patterns of changes and the temporal relationship in fetal heart rate, intrauterine pressure, fetal tcPO2 and 'flow', a series of ten typical examples of combined patterns are described. Fetal tcPO2 is affected by the level of the fetal oxygenation and by the blood flow beneath the electrode. Should the latter be below a certain critical level fetal tcPO2 will be lower than fetal scalp blood PO2. By the integrated analysis of the four simultaneously recorded variables the different factors dominating fetal tcPO2 may be identified.

Female↗
PubMed1979

External cephalic version in breech presentation under tocolysis.

A prospective trial is presented of the benefits and risks of external cephalic version in breech presentation. From January through October 1977, attempts at external version were performed in 53 cases with a success rate of 70%. The version technique is described. Mode of delivery after the maneuver in mothers with breech presentation who for different reasons were not included in the series is reported as well. Both the incidence of breech presentation and the incidence of cesarean section in breech presentation were reduced during the period of study. No serious complications in association with attempts at external version were observed.

Apgar Score↗