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Biomedical subjects

O G Krivosheev

Publications and source records attributed to O G Krivosheev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[The peculiarities of renal lesion in nodular polyarteritis].

Analysis of the medical records of 122 patients with nodular polyarteritis showed that the most frequent visceral manifestations were renal (93.4%), cardial (72%), and gastrointestinal (57.4%) ones. Central nervous system (CNS), pulmonary, and peripheral arterial lesions were less frequent (36.8%, 17.2%, and 6.6%, respectively). Renal lesions were manifested by arterial hypertension (AH) in 107 patients, urinary syndrome in 97, nephrotic syndrome in 7, and rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis in 5 patients. Monofactor analysis revealed the following predictors of poor prognosis: malignant AH, nephrotic proteinuria, male sex, body mass reduction, intestinal ulcers, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, CNS lesion, heart failure, and pulmonary lesion. The relative risk of lethal outcome was the highest in nephrotic proteinuria (3.5) and malignant AH (2.9). In 56% of cases death was caused by cardiovascular complications, in 18%--chronic renal failure, in 11%--abdominal complications.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed2005

[Vascular purpura in patients with chronic diffuse hepatic diseases].

The purpose of the study was to evaluate clinical significance of vascular purpura (VP) in diagnostics and establishing prognosis of chronic diffuse hepatic diseases (CDHD). The subjects were 660 patients with CDHD of viral and non-viral origin, who were under long hospital observation. 72 CDHD patients had cutaneous vasculitis. 11% of CDHD patients developed VP, which corresponded to the frequency of other cutaneous manifestations--minor hepatic signs (palmar erythema, spider-like blood vessels in the skin, xanthelasmas etc.) There was insignificant difference in the frequency of VP between the patients with type B and C hepatitis (9.6%), on the one part, and patients with non-viral hepatic diseases--primary sclerosing cholangitis, autoimmune hepatitis, and Wilson-Konovalov disease (14.2%). According to morphological data, 84.3% of CDHD patients with VP developed the latter or had a VP relapse at the cirrhotic stage (50%) or at the stage of forming hepatic cirrhosis (34.3%). Renal involvement, which was significantly more frequent in CDHD patients with VP vs. patients without VP (32% and 11.4%, respectively), may deteriorate the prognosis. The authors conclude that cutaneous vasculitits is a universal sign of viral and non-viral CDHD, which should be taken into consideration when diagnosing and establishing prognosis of these diseases. The fact that VP is revealed mainly at the cirrhotic stage suggests that an important role in its development is played by dysfunction of the liver, one of the main organs that clear antigen and immune complexes (including those of viral origin), appearing via the portal system or circulating in blood.

Cholangitis, Sclerosing↗
PubMed2004

[The parietal mucin microbial population in different sections of the human gastrointestinal tract].

Microbiological examinations of the human-colon parietal mucin were made in different sections of the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Biopsy samples of the human colon mucus tunic were used as the research material. Convincing data were found by research on the importance of the anatomic-and-morphological factor in shaping-up of microbiocenosis of the colon-wall parietal mucin. It was established that, depending on a GIT section, not only the quantitative and qualitative composition of normal microflora but also the nature of inter-microbe interactions are subject to changes. In particular, biopsy materials of the small-intestine parietal mucin are much different from that of the colon. The colon section from the ascending colon to the sigmoid colon has, with some exceptions, an identical microbial composition. At the same time, the rectum is significantly different from other colon sections. The results are suggestive of the below cluster-type pattern of parietal biological material: microorganisms are clustered as small domains with certain specific and quantitative compositions. It was established that, although feces and parietal mucin have a similar species composition of microorganisms, still, there is a number of essential differences between them in as far as the frequency ratio and the microorganism concentration are concerned, which signifies a certain degree of isolation of the above biopsy materials. Finally, a certain isolation degree of the feces biopsy materials and of the parietal ones was established.

Bacteria↗
PubMed2004

[Vascular purpura associated with chronic diffusive hepatic pathologies].

The study results related with the rate of vascular purpura in 660 patients with different-type chronic diffusive hepatic pathologies both of the viral and other natures are described in the paper. The main regularities characterizing the phenomenon (spread and possible cause of purpura development) are defined. According to an analysis of actual materials, dermal vasculitis is not an exclusive feature of virus-associated hepatitis or liver cirrhosis. Vascular purpura can be regarded, on the basis of the obtained data, as a universal sign typical of any liver pathologies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Clinical and prognostic value of lesions in the gastrointestinal tract in systemic vascular purpura].

AIM: To evaluate clinical peculiarities and prognostic value of abdominal syndrome in adult patients with systemic vascular purpura (SVP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Incidence, clinical picture, complications of abdominal syndrome, its relations with principal extraintestinal manifestations of SVP were studied in 125 SVP patients. Absorption and barrier functions of the small intestine, their correlations with clinical activity of the disease were investigated in 32 SVP patients with no clinical signs of intestinal affection. Computer-assisted morphometry of duodenal mucosa biopsies was conducted and the results were compared to those of intestinal permiability and clinical activity of SVP. RESULTS: Negative correlation was found between the occurrence of abdominal syndrome and the patients' age. The gastrointestinal tract suffered more frequently in men. 21% patients had abdominal complications, association of abdominal syndrome with higher frequency of glomerulonephritis. In the absence of abdominal symptoms, the barrier function of the small intestine for protein macromolecules was impaired. This correlated with exacerbations of skin purpura. Increased intestinal permeability and activity of skin purpura correlated with severity of inflammation in the duodenal mucosa. CONCLUSION: Abdominal syndrome in SVP is an unfavourable prognostic factor indicating possible severe complications and high risk of glomerulonephritis. Subclinical intestinal involvement presenting as barrier dysfunction may contribute to aggravation of skin vasculitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Abdominal emergencies in systemic vasculitis].

Abdominal lesions are characterized in a patient with acute vascular purpura and a patient with polyarteritis. The former patient developed obturation ileus of the small intestine, the latter--necrosis and multiple intestinal and gall bladder perforation with subsequent peritonitis. In both cases the abdominal syndrome was manifestation of the basic disease. Surgical treatment saved life of the patients. Stable remission was achieved after long-term medication.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Systemic vascular purpura: clinical etiological variants].

Systemic vascular purpura (SVP) represents angiites, heterogeneous by etiology and pathogenesis. Their pathogenetic classification does not fully reflect the clinical picture, course, and prognosis. The authors suggest a clinical etiological approach to differential diagnosis of SVP. With this aim in view they examined 82 patients with SVP hospitalized at Clinic of Therapy and Occupational Diseases of I. M. Setchenov Moscow Medical Academy in 1993-1996. Etiologically-associated differences in clinical manifestations of SVP were detected and clinical etiological variants of disease were distinguished. Endotoxemia was found to be often associated with purpura of different etiology, which can be regarded as a stage in the pathogenesis. The data allow creation of a clinical etiological classification of SVP and development of new therapeutic approaches.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of nizoral on hypophyseal gonadotropic function and the production of sex steroid hormones by the testes and ovaries in human subjects and experimental animals].

Experiments with mature male and female rats and female mice have shown that nizoral, a nonsteroid estrogenic drug, in a dose of 10 mg/kg stimulates estradiol production in male and female rats, suppresses basal and stimulates LH production, promotes a relative predominance of FSH in female animals, and suppresses FSH in male rats. In humans of a reproductive age, orally taking 200 mg of nizoral during 1-26 weeks, the drug stimulates FSH and LH production, suppressing estradiol production in men. The blood levels of prolactin, testosterone and progesterone are unchanged (the hypophyseal gonadotropic and the peripheral steroid hormones have been radioimmunoassayed). The detected shifts in the hormonal regulation of the reproductive system during nizoral therapy is evidence that nizoral should be very cautiously administered to patients with dyshormonal diseases, with the hormonal profile monitored over the course of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[The site (central or peripheral) of the anti-ulcer action of dalargin, a synthetic analog of endogenous opioids in an experimental model of cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer in rats].

Dalargin injected subcutaneously at a dose of 10 micrograms/kg decreased 4-5 fold ulcer manifestations in rats with cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcers. Intracerebroventricular dose of 2 micrograms diminished the manifestations to a lesser extent Dalargin only at a dose exceeding 500 micrograms intraperitoneally decreased significantly the in vivo binding of 3H-D-Ala2, D-Leu5-enkephalin with brain opiate receptors. We believe that Dalargin injected peripherally in small doses does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier and that its antiulcer activity is due to the interaction with peripheral opioid receptors. It seems possible that the disturbances in the central/peripheral ratio of the opioid activity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of duodenal peptic ulcer.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Limited proteolysis of prolactin in secretory granules from the pituitary gland of estrogenized rats].

The LTH-converting proteolytic activity in LTH granules isolated from estrogenized rat hypophysis was studied. Suspensions of granules were incubated at different values of pH for 4 hours at 37 degrees C. The reaction was controlled by SDS electrophoresis. Intensive proteolysis of LTH was observed at pH 6.0 and 3.9, which was accompanied by the formation of fragments with Mr 10, 12 and 17 kD and probably of smaller peptides. An inhibitory analysis revealed that the formation of the 17 kD fragment at pH 3.9 was partly and selectively inhibited by chloroquine, phenanthroline and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. Pepstatin A fully inhibited the proteolysis, whereas leupeptin had no inhibiting influence. The data obtained testify to the presence in the granular fraction of the endopeptidase LTH-converting activity which is sensitive to pepstatin A, an aspartyl proteinase inhibitor as well as to chelators and a serine proteinase inhibitor.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Lateralization of LH-RH in rat hypothalamus.

An asymmetrical LH-RH distribution in rat hypothalamus has been found. In Wistar rats LH-RH content in the right hypothalamus exceeds that in the left one; in albino rats a contrary distribution is observed. LH-RH lateralization changes during a 24-h period. Unilateral castration or cold stress lead to a shift in LH-RH distribution in the hypothalamus.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Postural asymmetry in rats induced by stress and pain stimuli.

A significant number of rats (31-68%) subjected to pain stimulation (intraperitoneal injection of 1% or 5% acetic acid, 5 ml/kg), immobilization stress (6 hrs in a supine position) or cold stress (3 hrs at 4-6 degrees C) exhibited postural asymmetry of hind limbs after spinal cord transection at T7 level. The number of rats with right and left limb flexions was approximately equal. Naloxone (2 mg/kg intraperitoneally) prevented the development of postural asymmetry induced by pain and stress stimuli. Postural asymmetry of hind limbs appears to be due to an asymmetric CNS response to stress and pain stimuli. Our data imply that endogenous opioid peptides and opiate receptors may be involved in the regulation of this response.

Acetates↗
PubMed1981

[Extrapituitary localization of luteinizing hormone in rats].

After hypophysectomy luteinizing hormone /LH/ did not disappear from rat blood serum within 2 months; but concentration of the hormone decreased 2-fold. Administration of luliberine into the hypophysectomized rats led to approximately 3-fold increase of the LH concentration in blood serum within 20 min. The hormones from blood serum of the hypophysectomized rats, from hypophysis and blood serum of intact rats exhibited similarity in their immunochemical and chromatographic properties. The data obtained suggest the presence of extrahypophyseal sources of LN in rats. By means of radioimmunochemical procedure immunoreactive LH was found in 14 structures of the central nervous-system/brain cortex, hypothalamus, hippocampus, medulla oblongata etc/as well as in some peripheral tissues and glands/heart, liver, pancreas etc/. Chromatographically pure LH from liver tissue of the hypophysectomized rats exhibited the biological activity similar to that to the hypophyseal hormone, which was estimated by stimulation of testosterone biosynthesis in the testicular tissue in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Interrelationship of the pineal body with the hypothalamo-hypophyseal complex. II. The effect of melatonin on the incorporation of H3-leucine in the anterior and medial hypothalamic nuclei of pinealectomized blinded rats].

A study was made of the effect of low doses of melatonin on the H3-leucine incorporation into the supraoptic, paraventricular, ventro-medial, and arcuate nuclei of the hypothalamus. Sexually mature blinded pinealectomized female rats were used in these experiments. Melatonin administered in a dose of 10 mug at 11 a.m. for 9 days inhibited the biosynthetic potential of the mentioned hypothalamic nuclei enhanced by extirpation of the epiphysis. Administration of melatonin at 11 p.m. in the same doses produced no effect on leucine incorporation.

Animals↗